여자중학생의 체형특성과 교복치수 설정에 관한 연구

원경해,함옥상 계명대학교 생활과학연구소 2001 科學論集 Vol.27 No.-

The aim of this thesis is to analyze middle school girls' somatotype for standardizing size for school-uniform production. The materials are total 447 middle school girls in Taegu, and the subjects have been directly measured anthropometrically. 34 somatometric items, 4 count numbers, and 5 indices are included in the analytic items, and factor analysis, cluster analysis, and correspondence analysis are applied to the data. In addition, we have polled uniform production companies on proper sizing, applied regression analysis, and set up the correlation distribution. The results are as follows. 1.From the examination of 34 somatometric items, we can conclude that somatotype changes are conspicuous at ages from 13 to 14, but inconspicuous and similar at ages from 14 to 15. 2.Horizontal size, vertical size, and hip size are extracted as factors from factor analysis of the total group and age groups. 3.3 body shape clusters are classified by cluster analysis. Cluster 1 represents tall and fat body shape and occupies 18.34% of total subjects. Cluster 2 represents tall and slim body shape and occupies 47.43%. Cluster 3 represents small and slim body shape and occupies 34.23%. Therefore, the majority of middle school girls rurns out to have slim body shape. 4.The correlation between body shape clusters and age groups from correspondenc analysis shows that Cluster 1 and Cluster 2 appear as majority at ages from 14 to 15, Cluster 3 appears as majority at age 13. 5.The three companies that replied to the poll on proper sizing have in common the size specification of stature at intervals of 5cm, bust girth at intervals of 3cm, and waist girth at intervals of 3cm. They take the bust girth to be the standard for the upper torso, and the waist girth to be the standard for the lower torso. The most frequently applied size standards for middle school girls are 155-85-68, 160-88-71, and 165-91-74, which should apply to spring, summer and winter wear in common. 6.Examining the correlation distribution between stature, bust girth, and waist girth in the total group and body shape clusters, we can tell that 160cm of stature, 80cm of bust girth, and 66cm of waist girth have the highest frequency. 7.Finally, 25 size standards are established by regression estimation of waist girth out of stature at intervals of 5cm and bust girth at intervals of 3cm.

활성탄에 의한 산업폐수의 흡착특성

姜京熙 단국대학교 1990 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

The adsorption characteristics for Hydroxy radical compound easily found from the waste water of dyestuff synthesis in kind of activated carbon were investigated under pH range of 3 to 10. The experiments were carried out in a batch reactor and also in a fixed bed reactor. The effects of experimental conditions, pH, amount of adsorption, adsorption isotherm and diffusivity, on adsorption process and breakthrough curves for constant pattern linear driving force(CP-LDF) method were investigated. The results were as follows : 1. The amount of adsorption for Hydoroxy were optimum condition at pH4, the order of adsorptivity on activeted carbon was alizaline, phenol, β-naphthol. 2. In Freundlich isotherm equation the parameter β's are less than 0.5. So the wastewater containing Hydoroxy can be treated on activated carbon. 3. The break time and breakthrough curves by CP-LDF showed good agreements with the experimental break time(variation less than 25%) and break-through curves.

전공의들의 직업적 유해인자 및 직업만족도

송혜란,김진하,변주현,이광영,이덕희,김호찬 大韓産業醫學會 2003 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.15 No.3

목적: 전공의는 여러 유해인자에 노출되어지고 있으며 과중한 업무로 인한 수면 부족에 시달리고 있다. 본 연구는 전공의의 건강상태의 기초 자료를 제공하고 향후개선 방안을 도출하기 위하여 시행하였다. 방법: 연구대상은 2000년 3사관학교와 국군군의학교에 입소한 전체 1,316명 중 전공의 수련과정 없이 입대한 의사와 치과의사, 한의사를 제외한 881명을 대상으로 설문지를 배포하여 784부(회수율: 89.0%)를 회수하고 이중 분석이 가능한 704(79.9%)명의 자료를 최종 분석하였다. 결과: 월평균 당진횟수는 레지던트 1년차에서 19회 정도이었다. 당직 시 평균 수면시간은 레지던트 1년차에서 4시간미만 이었다. 수련기간 동안 전공의의 20%이상에서 방사선, 레이저, 살균소독제, 마취가스, 항암제에 노출되었으며 예방대책은 방사선과 레이저의 노출의 경우 35%정도를 제외하고는 10%내외로 조사되었다. 연구대상자중 91.1%에서 수련기간 동안 주사침이나 시술에 의해 손상을 입었으며 그 중 본인이 감염된 경우는 HBV 2.3%(4명), HCV 0.6%(1명)으로 조사되었다. 응답자의 28.4%에서 자신의 직업에 불만족 하였으며 96.5%가 과중한 업무부담을 느꼈고 69.5%가 동일한 임금수준에서 직업을 바꾸고자 한다고 응답하였다. 결론: 전공의는 수련기간 동안 물리적, 화학적, 생물학적 유해인자에 노출되고 있었으나 이에 대한 보호나 예방대책은 거의이루어지지 않고 있었으며 과중한 업무부담으로 수면부족을 초래하여 가장 중요한 환자 진료에 지장을 받고 있었다. 수련기간 동안 대다수가 의사로서 직업에 대한 흥미를 가지고 있었으나 업무부담과 진료이외의 업무 등으로 소득과 조건이 비슷하다면 다른 직업을 선택하고자 하였다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 전공의들을 위한 유해인자의 보호대책 및 예방대책을 마련하며 과중예방대책이 마련되어야 하고 업무환경개선 및 업무로 인한 건강장해에 대한 정당한 보상이 향후에 마련되어야 할 것이다. Objects: Residents are exposed to various hazards and harassed by sleep dificiency due to overwork. This study was performed to outline the health condition of residents and develop the ways of improving it. Mehtods: A questionnaire was distributed to 881 army doctors who enrolled at the Korea Third Military Academy and The Armed force Health Service School in 2000 with the exception of medical doctors who joined the armed service without going through intern and resident periods, dental and oriental medical doctors. 784(89.0%) of the 881 questionnaires were resident of which 704 cases (79.9%). This should actually be 89.0% were regarded for analyses as being reliable data. Results: More than 20% of residents were exposed to radiation, laser, disinfectants, anesthetic gas, and anticancer drugs during their training periods with preventive neasures for each of these hazards taken in about 10% of the cases of the lesser hazards but in about 35% for the hazards from radiation and laser. 91.1% of residents had experience of needlestick injuries during theirtraining periods with over 36.3% being exposed to patients with infection during that time. The cases contracting HBV and HCV diseases due to pricking are 2.3% and 0.6% respectively. The average number of night duties per month during a one-year resident's period was about 10. The average sleeping time on duty during a one-year residents was less than 4 hours. 28.4% of respondents were not satisfied with their occupation, 96.5% delt tired from overwork and 69.5% wanted to change their occupation to another that would pay the same salary. Conclusion: Residents are exposed to harmful physical, chemical and biological factors, but the preventive care seldom undertaken. In addition, their overwork brings about lack of sleep which causes them problems when giving medical treatment to patients during their training periods. Despite the resident's interest in an occupation as a doctor, many intend to select other occupations if they can receive the same salary. According to the above results, preventative systems and measures should be prepared with environmental improvements for residents, and proper rewards for their overwork should be accomplished

Nanoparticles (TiO₂)이 분산된 MEH-PPV 박막의 전기발광특성연구

金啓民,金永寬,李光潤 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1998 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.9 No.1

In organic light-emitting diodes, polymer/nanoparticles composites have been increasingly studies because of their enhanced optical and electronic properties. The effects of nanoparticles on the performance of electrooptic polymer devices was not understood completely. In this study, polymer /TiO2(rutile) nanoparticles composite films were made by dispersing the nanoparticles in the MEH-PPV solution, where the poly dispersed particle size was ranging from 5nm to 23nm. The PL and EL characteristics of their thin films were investigated by fabricating the device having a structure of ITO/nanoparticle dispersed MEH-PPV/Al or ITO/nanoparticle dispersed MEH-PPV/Alq₃/Al, where Alq₃ films were used as an electron transport materials.

Early Childhood Caries and Related Risk Factors among Myanmar Preschool Childre

Kaung Myat Thwin,Takashi Zaitsu,Masayuki Ueno,Yoko Kawaguchi 대한예방치과학회 2016 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.12 No.4

Objective: The purposes of this study were to investigate the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) in Myanmar preschool children and to assess the relationship between ECC and its potential risk factors. Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was undertaken among 603 preschool children (3-4 years) from six kindergartens of Yangon city in 2015. Clinical oral examinations of children and questionnaire surveys to guardians were conducted. Results: Overall caries prevalence was 82.9% with mean dmft of 6.42±4.90. Caries prevalence and mean dmft by age were 78.9% and 5.69±4.66 in 3 year-olds, and 87.0% and 7.34±5.03 in 4 year-olds. Longer duration of breast or bottle feeding was significantly associated with higher dental caries experience. Children who took sweet foods or drinks had significantly higher dmft than those who took no sweet foods or drinks. Dental caries prevalence was significantly lower in children who started tooth brushing early. Tooth brushing once a day showed a significantly higher risk of dental caries than tooth brushing twice or more a day. Children who always rinsed after meals were significantly less likely to have dental caries than those who did not rinse at all. Conclusion: ECC is currently a serious oral health problem in Myanmar. Expansion of awareness of dental caries in both parents and oral health professionals would be likely to improve the condition among Myanmar preschool children.

ITS 를 위한 데이터 마이닝과 인공지능 기법 연구

( Kaung Myat Sam ),이경현 ( Kyung-hyune Rhee ) 한국정보처리학회 2014 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.21 No.2

The speed of processes and the extremely large amount of data to be used in Intelligence Transportations System (ITS) cannot be handling by humans without considerable automation. However, it is difficult to develop software with conventional fixed algorithms (hard-wired logic on decision making level) for effectively manipulate dynamically evolving real time transportation environment. This situation can be resolved by applying methods of artificial intelligence and data mining that provide flexibility and learning capability. This paper presents a brief introduction of data mining and artificial intelligence (AI) applications in Intelligence Transportation System (ITS), analyzing the prospects of enhancing the capabilities by means of knowledge discovery and accumulating intelligence to support in decision making.

A NUMERICAL STUDY OF TURBULENT TRANSONIC FLOWS OVER A SPINNING CONE-CYLINDER

Jan Kaung Fu,Shen Min Liang 대한기계학회 1992 International Conference on Fluid Machinery Vol.1 No.1

루터의 성서 번역에 나타난 외래어

최경은 ( Kaung Eun Choi ) 한국독어독문학교육학회 1995 獨語敎育 Vol.13 No.-

Detection of Retinol-binding Protein in Bovine Yolk Sac, Chorion and Allantois by Immunoperoxidase Method

Liu, Kaung Huei Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.6

Bovine yolk sac at day 24 of pregnancy, and placental membranes (chorion and allantois) from days 70 and 100 of pregnancy were isolated and cultured in a modified minimum essential medium in the presence of $[^{35}S]$methionine. Proteins synthesized and secreted by isolated bovine yolk sac, chorion and allantois were analyzed by fluorography of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Serum-like proteins,transferrin, ${\alpha}$-fetoprotein, ${\alpha}$1-antitrypsin and ${\alpha}$1-acid glycoprotein,were the major protein products of yolk sac. A 21 kDa protein produced by yolk sac was identified immunochemically as retinol-binding protein (RBP). Chorion and allantios from days 70 and 100 of pregnancy were active in protein synthesis and secretion. Both chorion and allantois did not secret serum-like proteins but secreted a number of neutral-to-acidic proteins including RBP. Secretory proteins produced by the yolk sac, chorion and allantois may play important roles in the embryonic development and the successful outcome of pregnancy. Antiserum against bovine placental RBP was employed to the immunocytochemistry by immunoperoxidase method. Immunoreactive RBP was localized in epithelial cells and island-like cell clones of yolk sac. Immunostaining for RBP was detected in simple columnar epithelium of chorion and in simple squamous epithelium of allantois. In the present study, proteins synthesized and secreted by yolk sac at day 24 of pregnancy, chorion and allantois from days 70 and 100 of pregnancy were characterized In addition, RBP was localized in yolk sac, chorion and allantois by immunoperoxidase method. The immunoperoxidase method has been proven to be a very effective technique to identify the cellular source of protein synthesis in extraembryonic membranes.

Initial Design Domain Reset Method for Genetic Algorithm with Parallel Processing

O-Kaung Lim,Keum-Shik Hong,Hyuk-Soo Lee,Eun-Ho Choi 대한기계학회 2004 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.18 No.7

The Genetic Algorithm (GA), an optimization technique based on the theory of natural selection, has proven to be a relatively robust means of searching for global optimum. It converges to the global optimum point without auxiliary information such as differentiation of function. In the case of a complex problem, the GA involves a large population number and requires a lot of computing time. To improve the process, this research used parallel processing with several personal computers. Parallel process technique is classified into two methods according to sub population's size and number. One is the fine~grained method (FGM) , and the other is the coarse-grained method (CGM). This study selected the CGM as a parallel process technique because the load is equally divided among several computers. The given design domain should be reduced according to the degree of feasibility, because mechanical system problems have constraints. The reduced domain is used as an initial design domain. It is consistent with the feasible domain and the infeasible domain around feasible domain boundary. This parallel process used the Message Passing Interface library.