Investigating the Effectiveness of Intergenerational Programs in Reducing Ageism Toward Young People : A Systematic Review

Katelyn Weinman,Levi McPherson,Ali Cobey,Kaitlin McWatters,Skai Woods,Loree Pryor,Claudia Hilton 대한작업치료학회 2020 대한작업치료학회지 Vol.28 No.2

Background: Ageism is recognized as a concern in the context of a rapidly aging population. Current literature acknowledges the outcomes of ageism toward older adults, however there has been little focus on the reciprocal effect toward young people. Programs geared at reducing ageism toward older adults show positive outcomes for both generations. This review explored the importance of intergenerational relationships and assessed the effectiveness of intergenerational programs on decreasing ageism toward young people. Method: A comprehensive database search was conducted to identify eligible studies published between 1989 and 2019. To be considered for final inclusion, studies had to implement an intergenerational program with outcome measures specifically addressing older adults’ attitudes toward young people. Results: Of the 4,661 articles retrieved, 12 studies were included with 1,570 participants. The specific intergenerational interventions differed, but commonalities included extended contact, community-based activities, and mentorship. Eleven of the twelve articles yielded statistically significant effects in reducing ageism toward young people. Evaluation of program outcomes resulted in four themes. Conclusion: Moderate evidence supports the effectiveness of intergenerational programs on reducing ageism toward young people. These results describe the literature and support the reciprocal effectiveness of these programs. Occupational therapists can be instrumental in promoting reduced ageism across the lifespan.

Systemic and Adipose Tissue Redox Status in Sprague-Dawley Rats Fed Normal- and High-Fat Diets Supplemented with Lycopene

Katelyn E. Senkus,Libo Tan,Kristi M. Crowe-White 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.4

Dietary patterns high in fat influence local and systemic oxidative stress through adipose tissue (AT) accrual and increased reactive oxygen species generation. Lycopene, a carotenoid with antioxidant functionality, may mitigate excess oxidative stress, yet the lipophilic nature of this compound may limit its functionality if sequestered by AT. Thus, it is critical to elucidate whether lycopene's efficacy is limited based on adiposity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of lycopene-supplemented normal- and high-fat diets on systemic and AT redox status. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 18) were fed a 30% normal-fat (NFD) or 60% high-fat (HFD) purified diet supplemented with 100 mg of lycopene/day. Body weight and visceral AT mass, as well as serum and AT lycopene, lipid peroxides, and antioxidant capacity (AC), were assessed after 3, 7, and 10 weeks of supplementation. At week 10, AT mass was significantly higher (P = .028) in the HFD group, yet there were no significant differences in serum or AT lycopene concentrations or lipid peroxides between groups. Additionally, AT in the HFD group exhibited significantly greater lipophilic AC (27.6% higher, P = .031). Results suggest that excess adiposity did not negatively influence circulating lycopene, nor did it limit its antioxidant functionality.

A Familial Case Study Exploring Craniofacial, Velopharyngeal, and Speech Variations in Pierre Robin Sequence

Katelyn J. Kotlarek,Jaclyn R. Kotlarek,Pamela J. Reitnauer,Jamie L. Perry 한국언어재활사협회 2018 Clinical Archives of Communication Disorders Vol.3 No.3

A descriptive, prospective case study design was used to describe craniofacial, velopharyngeal, and speech measures of three siblings with a family history of Stickler syndrome. Two of the siblings had Pierre Robin sequence and cleft palate. All participants underwent nasometry, perceptual resonance rating, speech sound analysis, and magnetic resonance imaging. The child with a history of compensatory articulation errors showed notable differences in velopharyngeal function and medical history, as well as craniofacial and velopharyngeal dimensions when compared to siblings without a history of these speech errors. Further analysis of velopharyngeal and speech measures should be performed using a larger sample size within this population.

Morphological variation of the velum in children and adults using magnetic resonance imaging

Katelyn J. Kotlarek,Abigail E. Haenssler,Kori E. Hildebrand,Jamie L. Perry 대한영상치의학회 2019 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.49 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate variations in velar shape according to age, sex, and race using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of 170 participants (85 children, 85 adults) between 4 and 34 years of age. Velar morphology was visually classified using midsagittal MRI scans for each participant by 2 independent raters. Inter- and intra-rater reliability was assessed. Statistical analyses were performed to identify correlations of velar shape with sex, age, and race. Results: The most frequent velar shape was “butt” for both adults (41%) and children (58%) in this study. The least common shapes for adults were “leaf” and “S.” The children did not exhibit any “leaf” or “straight” velar shapes. A statistically significant difference was noted for age with respect to velar shape (P=0.014). Sex and race were found to have no significant impact on velar shape in this study. Conclusion: When using MRI to evaluate velar morphology, the “butt” shape was most common in both children and adults. Velar shape varied significantly with age, while race and sex did not have a significant impact.

Effects of land-based fish farm effluent on the morphology and growth of Ascophyllum nodosum (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) in southwestern Nova Scotia

Katelyn L. White,Jang Kyun Kim,David J. Garbary 한국조류학회I 2011 ALGAE Vol.26 No.3

Phenotypic plasticity was examined in the economically and ecologically important brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum in southwestern Nova Scotia, considering specifically how nutrient loading affected its vegetative and reproductive features. To determine this, we examined morphometric changes in A. nodosum from two sites receiving direct effluent impacts from a land-based finfish aquaculture facility and from two control sites, approximately 2 km away from the aquaculture facility in opposite directions. Fronds from test sites were significantly younger than from control sites (5y vs. 8 y); however, fronds from farm sites were significantly larger (219 g vs. 90 g) because of their higher growth rates. Thalli from farm sites had greater reproductive potential, as shown by numbers of receptacle initials (797 initials vs. 281initials). These results suggest limited nutrient inflows from land-based aquaculture may positively affect adjacent Ascophyllum populations by inducing higher growth rates. We conclude that the coordination of effluent management from land-based aquaculture with natural resource harvesting of A. nodosum may be beneficial. Further study is necessary to determine the limits of nutrient loading for this potentially beneficial outcome.

THE RISE OF E-COMMERCE AND INTERNET USE IN ELDERLY ADULTS AFTER A WORLD PANDEMIC

Katelyn Thompson,Min-Young Lee,Vanessa Jackson 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2023 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2023 No.07

When the COVID-19 pandemic hit, it drastically changed the way that many consumers conducted their shopping for almost all their needs. This created a dramatic increase in online purchases, causing global e-commerce sales to skyrocket to 26.7 billion dollars, up four percent from the previous year (UNCTAD, 2021). This surge in sales caused an increase in certain customer segments, resulting in many retailers rethinking their marketing and branding strategies. To many retailers’ surprise, elderly adults aged sixty-five and older began to adopt e-commerce shopping during the pandemic at an overwhelming rate.

변혁적 리더십과 거래적 리더십이 조직몰입에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 - 자기유능감과 심리적 계약이행의 매개효과 -

김현정 ( Katelyn H. Kim ) 한국관광산업학회 2017 Tourism Research Vol.42 No.3

급변하는 경영 환경속에서 리더십은 인사조직 관리분야에 있어서 조직원들이 성과를 달성하고 창출하게 하기 위한 방법 중 하나로 많은 학자들에 의해 연구 되어왔다. 이중 Burns(1978)에 의해 처음 소개된 변혁적 리더십은 조직 시민행동, 직무만족, 조직성과 및 조직 몰입등에 탁월한 성과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 이후 학자들이 변혁적 리더십과 거래적 리더십에 대해 연구를 진행하였는데 기존의 연구는 대부분 변혁적 리더십과 거래적 리더십을 상반되는 개념으로 보고 연구를 진행 하였으나 본 연구는 변혁적 리더십과 거래적 리더십을 상호동반의 개념으로 정의 하고 연구하고자 한다. 본 연구는 호텔기업의 조직관리와 인적 자원관리의 측면에서 변혁적 리더십과 거래적 리더십이 조직몰입에 미치는 영향에 미치는 활동 요인으로 자기 유능감과 거래 심리적 계약이행을 제안하였고 두 요인이 조직 몰입에 미치는 매개효과를 검증 하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 실증 분석 결과, 첫째, 변혁적 리더십과 거래적 리더십은 조직몰입에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째 변혁적 리더십과 조직몰입의 관계에서 자기유능감은 매개효과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 거래적 리더십과 조직몰입의 관계에 있어서 거래 심리적 계약이행은 매개효과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과는 호텔기업에서 인적 자원관리와 조직관리에 있어 변혁적 리더십과 거래적 리더십이 자기유능감과 사회심리적 계약이행을 매개로 조직 몰입에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있다. Leadership has been studied in the rapidly changing management environment as a means of bettering employee achievement and creating results. Out of all the studies, transformational leadership showed great results in organizational performance such as organizational citizenship behavior, job satisfaction, organizational commitment etc. Since then, the study of transformational and transactional leadership and the previous studies conceptualized the two as contrary terms. Whereas this study examines transformational and transactional leadership as a supplement to each other. Futhermore this study aims to verify the mediating effect of self -efficacy and the psychological contract whereas transformational leadership and the transactional leadership effect on organizational commitment. After analyzing theirselves of the study, the first finding pertaining to transactional leadership and transformational leadership showed a strong impact on organizational commitment. Secondly, the relationship between transformational and transactional leadership provides proof in the mediating effect of self-efficacy. Thirdly, the relationship between transactional leadership and organizational commitment prove mediating effect of the psychological contract. These results show both of transformational leadership and transactional leadership influenced organizational commitment representing organizational performance and the relationship were mediated by self-efficacy and the psychological contract, respectively.

Effects of land-based fish farm effluent on the morphology and growth of Ascophyllum nodosum (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) in southwestern Nova Scotia

White, Katelyn L.,Kim, Jang-Kyun,Garbary, David J. The Korean Society of Phycology 2011 ALGAE Vol.26 No.3

Phenotypic plasticity was examined in the economically and ecologically important brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum in southwestern Nova Scotia, considering specifically how nutrient loading affected its vegetative and reproductive features. To determine this, we examined morphometric changes in A. nodosum from two sites receiving direct effluent impacts from a land-based finfish aquaculture facility and from two control sites, approximately 2 km away from the aquaculture facility in opposite directions. Fronds from test sites were significantly younger than from control sites (5 y vs. 8 y); however, fronds from farm sites were significantly larger (219 g vs. 90 g) because of their higher growth rates. Thalli from farm sites had greater reproductive potential, as shown by numbers of receptacle initials (797 initials vs. 281 initials). These results suggest limited nutrient inflows from land-based aquaculture may positively affect adjacent Ascophyllum populations by inducing higher growth rates. We conclude that the coordination of effluent management from land-based aquaculture with natural resource harvesting of A. nodosum may be beneficial. Further study is necessary to determine the limits of nutrient loading for this potentially beneficial outcome.

Morphological variation of the velum in children and adults using magnetic resonance imaging

Kotlarek, Katelyn J.,Haenssler, Abigail E.,Hildebrand, Kori E.,Perry, Jamie L. Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2019 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.49 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate variations in velar shape according to age, sex, and race using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of 170 participants (85 children, 85 adults) between 4 and 34 years of age. Velar morphology was visually classified using midsagittal MRI scans for each participant by 2 independent raters. Inter- and intra-rater reliability was assessed. Statistical analyses were performed to identify correlations of velar shape with sex, age, and race. Results: The most frequent velar shape was "butt" for both adults(41%) and children (58%) in this study. The least common shapes for adults were "leaf" and "S." The children did not exhibit any "leaf" or "straight" velar shapes. A statistically significant difference was noted for age with respect to velar shape (P=0.014). Sex and race were found to have no significant impact on velar shape in this study. Conclusion: When using MRI to evaluate velar morphology, the "butt" shape was most common in both children and adults. Velar shape varied significantly with age, while race and sex did not have a significant impact.

호텔 고객의 공정성지각이 고객시민행동에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 - 공정민감성의 조절효과 -

김현정 ( Katelyn H. Kim ) 한국관광산업학회 2018 Tourism Research Vol.43 No.3

생산과 소비의 비분리성이라는 서비스의 특징은 서비스 상황에서의 고객참여를 불가피하게 만들고 이는 고객을 ‘또 다른 종업원’으로 인식하게 만들고 있다. 이런 맥락에서 최근 고객시민행동은 마케팅분야에서 중요한 관심이 되고 있다. 본 연구는 사회교환론적 관점에 입각 고객시민행동의 원인변수로 고객의 공정성 지각을 선정, 서비스 상황에서의 공정성 지각이 고객시민행동에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 한다. 뿐 만 아니라 그 영향의 과정에서 공정민감성의 조절효과를 확인하고자 한다. 동일한 서비스 공정성이 고객시민행동에 미치는 영향은 공정한 상태에 관한 개인적 판단으로서 공정민감성에 따라 다르게 나타날 것이기 때문이다. 이런 맥락에서 본 연구 공정성과 고객시민행동 및 공정민감성에 관한 선행연구를 검토, 공정성이 고객시민행동에 미치는 영향과 공정민감성의 조절역할을 가설화하고 호텔 고객을 대상으로 실증분석을 실시하였다. 이론 연구 및 실증 분석 결과, 첫째, 서비스 상황에서 배분공정성, 대인관계공정성 및 정보공정성은 고객시민행동에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 절차공정성 유의한 결과를 보이지 않았다. 둘째 공정성이 고객시민행동에 미치는 영향의 과정에서 공정민감성의 조절효과 검증 결과, 대인관계공정성은 조절효과를 가지는 반면 배분공정성, 절차공정성 및 정보공정성은 조절효과를 보이지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과는 호텔기업으로 하여금 서비스 상황에서의 공정성확보를 통해 ‘또 하나의 종업원’인 고객의 친기업적 행동을 제고할 수 있음을 의미한다. 따라서 서비스 상황의 공정성 확보를 위한 다양한 노력이 요구된다. 한편 공정민감성이 대인관계공정성과 고객시민행동을 조절하는 연구 결과는 공정민감성에 따른 고객세분화를 바탕으로 차별적 마케팅활동의 필요성을 제안한다. With the inseparability of production and consumption, which is characteristic of the service industry, customers are forced to participate in service situations and thus become “another employee.” Recently, customer citizenship behavior is garnering interest as an important factor in marketing. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of perceived justice on customer citizenship behavior based on social exchange theory. The customer’s perceived justice was selected as a causal variable of customer citizenship behavior. In this process, we attempt to determine the moderating effect of equity sensitivity. This is because the effects of the same levels of service justice on customer citizenship behavior will differ. depending on the customer’s equity sensitivity, their personal judgment. Reviewing prior research on justice and customer citizenship behavior and equity sensitivity in this context, we hypothesized the effect of justice on customer citizenship behavior and the moderating role of equity sensitivity. We conducted an empirical analysis of hotel customers. The following are the results of the theoretical research and empirical analysis: First, in service situations, we found distributive justice, interpersonal justice, and informational justice to have a positive effect on customer citizenship behavior. Only procedural justice did not show significant results. Second, an analysis of the moderating effect of equity sensitivity when justice affects customer citizenship behavior found that interpersonal justice had a moderating effect, while distributive justice, procedural justice, and informational justice did not have a moderating effect. These results indicate that hotels can attract “another employee” customers’ pro-business behavior by ensuring justice in service situations. Accordingly, various efforts are needed to ensure justice in service situations. In addition, this study’s results that equity sensitivity moderates interpersonal justice and customer citizenship behavior suggest the necessity of discriminatory marketing strategies based on customer segmentation according to equity sensitivity.