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Kasun Tharaka,Buddhi E. Gunathilaka,Alexandre Veille,Min-Gi Kim,Jaehyeong Shin,Hyunwoon Lim,Joon-Bum Jeong,Virgil Meallet,Kyeong-Jun Lee 제주대학교 해양과학연구소 2020 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.44 No.-
Algae extracts or clay are supplement into animal feed to promote growth, digestive performance and health status. A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate supplemental effects of an Algae-clay powder (sea lettuce, Ulva lactuca and red algae, Solieria chordalis in exfoliated micronized montmorillonite, ACP) into a low fish meal (LFM) diet on growth and feed utilization, digestibility, innate immunity and disease resistance of juvenile olive flounder (26.5 ± 0.02 g). A high fish meal diet (HFM) was prepared to contain 55 % FM and the LFM was prepared to contain 44 % FM. The ACP was added into the LFM diet by 0.2 % (MF2). Negative effects of LFM diet were observed in growth, feed utilization and diet digestibility of fish after 12 weeks of the feeding trial. The ACP inclusion in the LFM diet had positive effects on all parameters showing similar or higher growth performance, feed utilization, digestibility, goblet cell counts and villi lengths than the HFM diet. Non-specific immune response and antioxidant parameters, such as lysozyme, total immunoglobulin, anti-proteases, superoxide dismutase and catalase were also significantly improved by the addition of ACP into the LFM diet. Activities of digestive enzymes were improved by ACP supplementation compared to LFM group. Following the feeding trial, a 21-day long challenge test against Edwardsiella tarda showed that MF2 group had higher cumulative survival compared to that of HFM or LMF group while a decreased survival was found in the LFM group. The findings in this study indicate that ACP supplementation in a LFM diet can improve growth performance, feed utilization efficiency, digestibility with digestive enzyme activities, intestinal development, innate immunity and disease resistance of olive flounder.
Rajamanthrilage Kasun Madusanka,M.D. Neranjan Tharuka,W.S.P. Madhuranga,Seongdo Lee,Jehee Lee 제주대학교 해양과학연구소 2020 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.44 No.-
Peroxiredoxins are a group of thiol-specific antioxidant proteins that take six isoforms in vertebrates and allow the innate immune system to sense and detoxify reactive oxygen species. In this study, we identified and characterized the perxiredoxin-1 (SsPrdx1) cDNA sequence from the rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii. In silico analysis revealed that SsPrdx1 contained a 594 bp long open reading frame (ORF) encoding a protein of 198 amino acids, with a predicted molecular weight and theoretical isoelectric point of 21.97 kDa and 6.30, respectively. The SsPrdx1 gene comprised six exons linked by five introns, while peroxiredoxin signature motifs were found in the highly conserved third, fourth, and fifth exons. Phylogenetic analysis and sequence alignment suggested that SsPrdx1 is evolutionarily conserved and that its most closely related counterpart is Salarias fasciatus. Recombinant SsPrdx1 (rSsPrdx1) displayed supercoiled DNA protection and insulin disulfide reduction activities in a concentration-dependent manner, while cells transiently transfected with pcDNA3.1 (+)/SsPrdx1 exhibited significant cytoprotective effects under oxidative stress and wound healing activity. SsPrdx1 transcripts were constitutively expressed under normal physiological conditions, with the highest expression observed in the blood. Moreover, SsPrdx1 expression increased in the blood, spleen, and liver following immune provocation by LPS, poly I:C, and Streptococcus iniae injection. Thus, this study provides insights into the role of SsPrdx1 in rockfish immune protection.
Rajamanthrilage Kasun Madusanka,M.D. Neranjan Tharuka,D.S. Liyanage,D.M.K.P. Sirisena,Jehee Lee 제주대학교 해양과학연구소 2020 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.44 No.-
Glutaredoxins are a group of heat stable oxidoreductases ubiquitously found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. They are widely known for GSH (glutathione)-dependent protein disulfide reduction and cellular redox homeostasis. This study was performed to identify and characterize rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) glutaredoxin 1 (SsGrx1) at molecular, transcriptional, and functional levels. The coding sequence of SsGrx1 was 318 bp in length and encoded a protein containing 106 amino acids. The molecular weight and theoretical isoelectric point of the putative SsGrx1 protein were 11.6 kDa and 6.71 kDa, respectively. The amino acid sequence of SsGrx1 comprised a CPYC redox active motif surrounded by several conserved GSH binding sites. The modeled protein structure was found to consist of five α-helices and four β-sheets, similar to human Grx1. SsGrx1 showed a tissue specific expression in all the tissues tested, with the highest expression in the kidney. Immune stimulation by lipopolysaccharides (LPS), polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (polyI:C), and Streptococcus iniae (S. iniae) could significantly modulate the SsGrx1 expression pattern in the blood and gills. Analysis of its subcellular localization disclosed that SsGrx1 was prominently localized in the cytosol. Recombinant SsGrx1 (rSsGrx1) exhibited significant activity in insulin disulfide reduction assay and HED (β-Hydroxyethyl Disulfide) assay. Furthermore, transient overexpression of SsGrx1 in FHM (fathead minnow) cells significantly enhanced cell survival upon H2O2-induced apoptosis. Collectively, our findings strongly suggest that SsGrx1 plays a crucial role in providing rockfish immune protection against pathogens and oxidative stress.
Masimbule Vidanalage Kasun Sameera Wickramanayake,Liyana Arachchilage Dinithi Sandunika De Silva,허강준 한국예방수의학회 2022 예방수의학회지 Vol.46 No.3
This study is intended to determine the antimicrobial resistance properties and class 1 integrons of 30 Citrobacter freundii strains isolated from pet turtles in order to determine their threat to human health. Citrobacter freundii isolates were isolated and identified by employing biochemical tests and 16SrRNA gene sequencing. Disc diffusion test and PCR amplification were employed to detect antimicrobial resistance patterns and genes, respectively. Ampicillin, amoxicillin, cephalothin and nalidixic acid resistance were observed among all isolates. Rifampicin and cefoxitin resistance was the second most prevalent and observed in 97% of the isolates, respectively. All isolates scored multiple antimicrobial resistance (MAR) indices ≥ 0.2. Aminoglycoside resistant genes were the most prevalent. aac(3')-IIa was detected in 80% of the isolates followed by aphAI-IAB and strA-strB genes in 33% and 50% of the isolates, respectively. β-lactamase encoding blaTEM, blaCTX and blaSHV genes were detected in 53%, 43% and 17% of the isolates, respectively. tetA and tetB genes were the only tetracycline resistance genes detected in 17% and 10% of the isolates, respectively. Class 1 integron integrase encoding intI1 gene (47%) and dfrA17-aadA5 gene cassette array (7%) were also detected. Pet turtle-borne multidrug-resistant C. freundii is a reservoir of antimicrobial resistance determinants in the domestic environment which poses a risk of infection.
Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation in Non-ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Ashwin Bhaskaran,Kasun De Silva,Karan Rao,Timothy Campbell,Ivana Trivic,Richard G. Bennett,Eddy Kizana,Saurabh Kumar 대한심장학회 2020 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.50 No.3
Non-ischemic cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of diseases of the myocardium that have a distinct proclivity to ventricular arrhythmias. Of these, ventricular tachycardias pose significant management challenges with the risk of sudden cardiac death and morbidity from multiple causes. Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardias is becoming an increasingly utilised intervention that has been found to have significant benefits with improving symptoms, reducing anti-arrhythmic drug burden and debilitating device therapies, thereby improving quality of life. Nonetheless, the approach to the ablation of ventricular tachycardias in non-ischemic cardiomyopathies is governed heavily by the disease process, with several distinct differences from ischemic cardiomyopathy including a preponderance to epicardial and deep intramural substrate. This contemporary review aims to present the various disease processes within non-ischemic cardiomyopathies, catheter ablation techniques which have been developed to target ventricular tachycardia and more novel adjunctive therapeutic measures.