Seismic assessment of R/C residential buildings with infill walls in Turkey

Kasim Armagan Korkmaz,Ali Haydar Kayhan,Taner Ucar 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2013 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.12 No.5

In 1999 Marmara and 2011 Van earthquakes in Turkey, majority of the existing buildings either sustained severe damage or collapsed. These buildings include masonry infill walls in both the interior and exterior R/C frames. The material of the masonry infill is the main variant, ranging from natural stones to bricks and blocks. It is demanding to design these buildings for satisfactory structural behavior. In general, masonry infill walls are considered by its weights not by interaction between walls and frames. In this study, R/C buildings with infill walls are considered in terms of structural behavior. Therefore, 5 and 8-story R/C buildings are regarded as the representative models in the analyses. The R/C representative buildings, both with and without infill walls were analyzed to determine the effects of structural behavior change. The differences in earthquake behavior of these representative buildings were investigated to determine the effects of infill walls leading structural capacity. First, pushover curves of the representative buildings were sketched. Aftermath, time history analyses were carried out to define the displacement demands. Finally, fragility analyses were performed. Throughout the fragility analyses, probabilistic seismic assessment for R/C building structures both with and without infill walls were provided. In this study, besides the deterministic assessment methodology, a probabilistic approach was followed to define structural effect of infill walls under seismic loads.

Earthquake performance investigation of R/C residential buildings in Turkey

Kasim Armagan Korkmaz,Fuat Demir,Tugce Yenice 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2015 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.15 No.6

The aim of this study is to determine the earthquake performances of reinforced concrete (R/C) residential buildings in Turkey and to analyze the parameters that affect the performance. The performance of Turkish residential buildings, determined by their levels of damage, directly relates to their structural systems. Damage parameters observed from previous earthquakes define structural parameters selected to be used in the present study. Five different types of frame R/C buildings were modeled. For the analysis, the model buildings vary according to the number of stories, column sizes, and reinforcement and concrete strength parameters. The analyses consider gravity forces and earthquake loads through 1975 and 2007 Turkish design codes. In a total of 720 different R/C buildings were investigated for the analysis to obtain capacity curves. A performance evaluation was employed by considering the Turkish design code (TDC-2007). The current study ignores irregularities such as soft stories or short columns. The study’s analysis considers a comparison of the parameters’ influence on the structural performance of the model buildings.

A new stability and sensitivity design and diagnosis approach

Kasim A. Korkmaz,Ali Sari 국제구조공학회 2017 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.23 No.6

In the stability and sensitivity design and diagnosis approaches, there are various methodologies available. Bond graph modeling by lumping technique is one of the universal methodologies in methodical analysis used by many researchers in all over the world. The accuracy of the method is validated in different arenas. Bond graphs are a concise, pictorial representation of the energy storage, dissipation and exchange mechanisms of interacting dynamic systems, subsystems and components. This paper proposes a bond graph modeling for distributed parameter systems using lumping techniques. Therefore, a steel frame structure was modeled to analyze employing bond graph modeling of distributed system using lumping technique. In the analytical part, the effectiveness of bond graphs to model this system is demonstrated. The dynamic responses of the system were computed and compared with those computed from the finite element analysis. The calculated maximum deflection time histories were found to be comparable. The sensitivity and the stability of the steel frame structure was also studied in different aspects. Thus, the proposed methodology, with its simplicity, can be used for stability and sensitivity analyses as alternative to finite element method for steel structures. The major value brought in the practical design is the simplicity of the proposed method for steel structures.

ICT Implementation for Materials Management in Construction Projects: Case Studies

Kasim, Narimah Korea Institute of Construction Engineering and Ma 2011 Journal of construction engineering and project ma Vol.1 No.1

Construction materials usually constitute a major portion of the total cost in a building construction project. Materials management Is made problematic by materials shortages, delays in supply, price fluctuations, damage and wastage, and lack of storage space. Despite the potential benefit of ICT, convincing construction organisations to embrace its use and implementation has proved a difficult task. This study seeks to identify the implementation of ICT for materials management processes in construction projects. The findings from the case studies reveal that the implementation of ICT in the materials management processes for construction projects in Malaysia Is at early stage. Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet and handheld devices are found to be the common ICT tools adopted in the materials management processes. The main barrier is found to be the cost involvement at the initial stage or overall implementation of ICT in the materials management processes. Finally, this paper concludes the finding from interviews towards the ICT implementation of materials management in the construction projects.

The mediating role of tolerance in the relationship between cultural intelligence and xenophobia

Kasim Karataş,Ibrahim Arpaci 서울대학교 교육연구소 2021 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.22 No.1

The study investigated the mediating role of tolerance in the relationship between cultural intelligence and xenophobia. The study further investigated the moderating role of gender in the relationships between cultural intelligence, tolerance, and xenophobia. A structural equation modeling-based mediation and multi-group analysis were employed using the data collected from 543 teacher candidates. Mediation analysis results indicated that tolerance significantly mediates the relationship between cultural intelligence and xenophobia. Multi-group analysis results indicated that there were significant gender differences in the relationships between cultural intelligence, tolerance, and xenophobia.

Targeting the Market: Segmentation of Domestic Tourists for YOR Island, Thailand using the Correspondence Analysis Technique

Azilah Kasim,Naiyana Ngowsiri 한국관광학회 2011 International Journal of Tourism Sciences Vol.11 No.3

Correspondence analysis (CA) is a multivariate statistical technique that applies to categorical rather than continuous data. It can be rather useful to explore the relationship between variables in a contingency table because it provides a graphic representation of those relationships. This paper uses correspondence analysis technique to identify the best target market for Yor Island, a tourism destination that has to compete with six other destinations in the same region for its primary market i.e. the domestic tourists. Using data from a survey of 400 randomly selected respondents, the analysis have shown that Yor Island should focus on single or married government servants and middle income between the ages of 25-34 years old. However, the analysis findings must ideally be strengthened with information on sources of information and media preferences to be effective.

Conceptual Design and Analysis of Steel-Concrete

Suhaib Yahya Kasim Al-Darzi,Airong Chen 한국강구조학회 2006 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.6 No.5

deck connections and the effects of their interaction. First, analysis and design methods of composite bridge structures,conections betwen components, the reliability and life cycle of bridges, new concrete-steel bridge system forms, and thedevelopment of alternative materials used in composite bridges were reviewed with some potential applications. The conceptualideas on new forms of connectors and the application of holow core slab decks in composite bridge structures were alsopresented.

Enhancing Clustering Algorithm with Initial Centroids in Tool Wear Region Recognition

Nur Adilla kasim,M. Z. Nuawi,J. A. Ghani,Muhammad Rizal,N. A. Ngatiman,C. H. C. Haron 한국정밀공학회 2021 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.22 No.5

Autonomous manufacturing allows the system to distinguish between a mild, normal and total failure in tool condition. K-means clustering has become the most applied algorithm in discovering classes in an unsupervised scenario. Nevertheless, the algorithm is sensitive to the initial centroids giving various solution every time the system updating. Regular unsupervised K-means is refocused as semi-supervised Fixum K-means. It is embedded with a new tactic to recapture the K value and new initial seedings computation to kick off the system until it converges. Force components of cutting force F c , thrust force F t and perpendicular cutting force F cn were extracted from Neo-MoMac cutting force measurement device. The analysis threshold represents a natural-sorted input vector as Z -rot coefficient ( R Z ) corresponds to the number of cutting accomplish a strong correlation ( R 2 = 0.8511) over wear evolution. The clustering system adopted a new calculation of initial centroids has successfully determined the three regions for only a single assignment and achieving the optimal distance squared through eight given data sets. It is conflicting with the standard K-means that return different clustering structure in each run, while K-means + + replicates several times to achieve minimum objective function. During the course, F-Km delivered robust and consistence clustering results of 85% accuracy over standard K-means and four times converges faster than K-means + + . The silhouette value average score is 0.8504 (highest score is 0.9207) of how well-distributed the resulting clusters. The clustering system has identified the tool to stop cutting at approximate VB = 0.213 mm before the tool condition enters the failure region of abnormal phase ( VB < 0.250 mm ).s The proposed system functioned effectively in clustering the data obtained from cutting tests performed within a reasonable range of wear stages. Precision and robustness analysis have proved F-km to score 100% attainment for clustering assignment output and replicability. In contrast, K-means scored 76.3% for precision and ranging from 5 to 33% for robustness. Whereas, K-means + + scored 33% for robustness and a higher chance of time complexity compared to F-km. F-Km is found to be more accurate, time savvy and robust than standard K-means and K-means + + . Therefore, the method can be reliably used for observing tool wear state recognition without training and equivocate traditional direct tool wear.

The effect of calcium carbonate particle size on the formations β-tricalcium phospate

Shah Rizal Kasim,Yeong Meng How,Hazman Seli,Hazizan Md Akil,Zainal Arifin Ahmad 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2009 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.10 No.5

β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) powder was synthesized using various calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles sizes (40 nm- 780 μm) with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) at room temperature (25℃). CaCO3 was first dissolved in deionized water at room temperature followed by the addition of H3PO4. The mixture was stirred until reaching a stable pH between 5.5-6.5 for 1 hour. The time taken to reach pH 5.5 increased from 12.5 minutes to 1140 minutes as the CaCO3 particle size increased from 40 nm to 780 μm. The slurry was filtered, dried in oven at a temperature of 80℃ for 24 hours then crushed with an agate mortar and calcined at a temperature of 850℃ to form the β-TCP phase. XRD quantitative analysis showed that the amount of the â-TCP synthesized from CaCO3 as the starting material decreased from 81.9% to 20.3% as the CaCO3 particle size increased from 40 nm to 780 μm. FESEM analysis showed that the morphology of CaCO3 as the starting material was not maintained after it was synthesized to β-TCP powder. β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) powder was synthesized using various calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles sizes (40 nm- 780 μm) with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) at room temperature (25℃). CaCO3 was first dissolved in deionized water at room temperature followed by the addition of H3PO4. The mixture was stirred until reaching a stable pH between 5.5-6.5 for 1 hour. The time taken to reach pH 5.5 increased from 12.5 minutes to 1140 minutes as the CaCO3 particle size increased from 40 nm to 780 μm. The slurry was filtered, dried in oven at a temperature of 80℃ for 24 hours then crushed with an agate mortar and calcined at a temperature of 850℃ to form the β-TCP phase. XRD quantitative analysis showed that the amount of the â-TCP synthesized from CaCO3 as the starting material decreased from 81.9% to 20.3% as the CaCO3 particle size increased from 40 nm to 780 μm. FESEM analysis showed that the morphology of CaCO3 as the starting material was not maintained after it was synthesized to β-TCP powder.

Seismic risk investigation for reinforced concrete buildings in Antalya, Turkey

Engin Kepenek,Kasim A. Korkmaz,Ziya Gencel 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2020 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.26 No.3

Turkey is located in one of the most seismically active regions of in Europe. The majority of the population living in big cities are at high seismic risk due to insufficient structural resistance of the existing buildings. Such a seismic risk brings the need for a comprehensive seismic evaluation based on the risk analysis in Turkey. Determining the seismic resistance level of existing building stock against the earthquakes is the first step to reduce the damages in a possible earthquake. Recently in January 2020, the Elazig earthquake brought the importance of the issue again in the public. However, the excessive amount of building stock, labor, and resource problems made the implementation phase almost impossible and revealed the necessity to carry out alternative studies on this issue. This study aims for a detailed investigation of residential buildings in Antalya, Turkey. The approach proposed here can be considered an improved state of building survey methods previously identified in Turkey’s Design Code. Antalya, Turkey’s fifth most populous city, with a population over 2.5 Million, was investigated as divided into sub-regions to understand the vulnerability, and a threshold value found for the study area. In this study, 26,610 reinforced concrete buildings between 1 to 7 stories in Antalya were examined by using the rapid visual assessment method. A specific threshold value for the city of Antalya was determined with the second level examination and statistical methods carried out in the determined sub-region. With the micro zonation process, regions below the threshold value are defined as the priority areas that need to be examined in detail. The developed methodology can be easily calibrated for application in other cities and can be used to determine new threshold values for those cities.