Moral Growth in The Scarlet Letter

( Kang¸ Jun-soo ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2016 영어권문화연구 Vol.9 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to examine the main characters' moral growth in The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The background of this novel is the 17th century. The theme of this work is the psychological effect and result of prejudice, and the sense of pride. Hester, the worst sinner in the early Puritan society, committed adultery, and Dimmesdale is not only Hester's adulterer but also a hypocritical sinner. His flaw is his inability to publicly acknowledge that he committed adultery with Hester and is the father of Pearl. Dimmesdale hated himself for that sin, and he accomplished victory over his weakness after seven long years of struggle. After he delivered a magnificent sermon, he confessed on the scaffold to his sin. As the time passed, the severe condemnation of hers changed into praise because Hester had experienced and lived a true moral development for expiation of her sin. However, Chillingworth had burned all his energy away in revenge of Dimmesdale. He eventually destroyed himself and metamorphosed himself into a devil. After all, Dimmesdale and Hester experienced moral growth through sin and suffering, and they became the elected persons. On the other hand, Chillingworth became the deserted person by committing unpardonable sin which is a sense of pride.

The Realization of Dream in J. M. Synge's Works: The Playboy of the Western World and The Shadow of the Glen

( Kang¸ Jun-soo ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2015 영어권문화연구 Vol.8 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to examine the process of the protagonists overcoming various sufferings and changing dream into reality. Synge considers nature and creatures as a background in harmony with his plays and a part of the same creation as man himself. For example, nature gives him surprising source of imaginary throughout The Playboy of the Western World. Synge was inspired by the Aran Islands for writing the plots of In The Shadow of the Glen and The Playboy of the Western World. Christy is depicted as attractive and passionate, while Shawn is shown to be boring The Playboy of the Western World. So She is soon in love with Christy. The conflicts between passion and reason, and between love and hate make this play a rich dramatic experience. The growth of Christy is symbolized by the release of sleeping poet within Christy, who first discovers his poetic powers in the telling of his murder. Christy changes from a helpless lad under the oppression of his father to the playboy of the western world in the reality. Nora takes pity on Dan and Michael who are tied to materialism. Michael's avaricious interest in tangible wealth aligns him with Dan. Because she longs for escaping from material stability into the free and brisk life. Nora recognizes that tramp enjoys an abundant life despite his unstable life of traveling around. The tramp is a poet who resists against the existing society in this play. Synge tries to find out the poetical world through his works. No one can escape from getting old and death. Synge endeavors to tell readers to overcome sufferings by adapting himself to enjoy the beauty of nature and accept death as a part of life.

Organic Complementary Circuits: Remarkable Enhancement of Hole Transport in Top‐Gated N‐Type Polymer Field‐Effect Transistors by a High‐k Dielectric for Ambipolar Electronic Circuits (Adv. Mater. 40/2012)

Baeg, Kang‐,Jun,Khim, Dongyoon,Jung, Soon‐,Won,Kang, Minji,You, In‐,Kyu,Kim, Dong‐,Yu,Facchetti, Antonio,Noh, Yong‐,Young WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 Advanced Materials Vol.24 No.40

<P>On page 5433, Yong‐Young Noh, Antonio Facchetti, Kang‐Jun Baeg, and co‐workers report that high performance ambipolar complementary inverters and ring oscillators are provided by a remarkable enhancement of both hole injection and transport for n‐channel dominant N2200 OFETs. The significant enhancement of hole mobility in N2200 OTFTs is attributed to the strong dipoles in fluorinated high‐k gate dielectric blend of P(VDF‐TrFE):PMMA. </P>

야쿠트어 폐쇄자음 연구-러시아어 차용어휘 분석-

강덕수 ( Duck Soo Kang ),김지선 ( Jee Sun Kim ),홍준희 ( Jun Hee Hong ) 한국외국어대학교 언어연구소 2007 언어와 언어학 Vol.0 No.39

Duck-soo Kang.Jee-sun Kim.Jun-hee Hong. 2007. A Study of Obstruents in Yakut through Analysis of Borrowed Words from Russian. Language and Linguistics 39, 1-16. One of the most important constraints in Yakut is connected with syllabic structure. Its syllabic structure is based on CV. So the constraint of "NoGeminates" is strictly applied. And the harmony between features is also considered important. Yakut has the strict constraint on the phonotactical relations. In Yakut a feature [constricted glottis] works more vigorously than [voiced]. This feature is combined with a feature [+back] or [+lab], making new constraints on the initial place: *#[+back, -CG], *# [+lab,+CG]. Finally, consonantal assimilation in obstruents of Yakut is dominated by 2 lows of constraints. VowelHarmony >> Ident-CV[pl] >> NCP >> *[+palatal]# >> Ident-IO; *#[+back, -cont][+back,-high] >> *#[+back,-CG], *# [+lab,+CG] >> [+cont] >> NoGem >> Ident-IO >> *[+voiced]#

문학관광과 노스탤지어

강준수(Jun Soo Kang),송영민(Young Min Song) 한국관광연구학회 2015 관광연구저널 Vol.29 No.5

The purpose of this paper was to examine the effects of nostalgia which make readers feel positive thinking by analyzing “Old Road to Kang-neaung.” As the nostalgic themes are emerging as a new trend, the nostalgic marketing can be applied to various areas. The paper analyzed meaning of this work, and presented the specifications and significance of Lee, Sun-won``s literature as nostalgic phenomenon. The emotional components composed of nostalgia in this work are as follows: warmth, wound, frustration, anger, resistance, and reconciliation. Although the narrator suffers from the memories of his youth even when he becomes an adult, he overcomes his wound in his younger years by transferring his memories to the nostalgia. From this point of view, this kind of nostalgic novel can have a positive effect on the mental growth of visitors who are in search of self-identity. Also this work leads visitors to experience on essential human life with a more comprehensive view by encouraging them to reflect upon their surroundings. The new form of tourism strategy is necessary to broaden people`s awareness. One of the means is utilizing literary tourism for increasing desire of tourism. The concept of space through literature is a very important key to re-invigorate nostalgia. Therefore, this paper is more meaningful in the sense that it uses ``literature`` for drawing effective nostalgia tourism. To develop Kang-neung area, the paper introduced the tour course linking the literary space of this work.

소아 난치성 무긴장성발작에서의 Deflazacort의 병용투여 효과

강훈철(Hoon Chul Kang),변지윤(Ji Yoon Byun),고창준(Chang Jun Coe) 대한소아신경학회 2002 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.10 No.1

목적:난치성 무긴장성 발작을 보이는 소아 환자에서 corticosteroid 성분의 deflazacort 병용 투영의 발작 조절 효과와 부작용을 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법:2000년 6월부터 2000년 12월까지 연세의대 세브란스 병원 소아신경과에 6개월 이상의 무긴장성발작 또는 무긴장성발작을 동반한 Lennox-Gastaut 증후군으로 내원한 환아 중, 항간질제를 두가지 이상 최대 용량으로 투여하였음에도 난치성을 보이는 48명의 환아를 대상으로 전향적 개방형 연구를 시행하였다. 약물 투여 전 4주간의 관찰기 이후 최초 4주간은 deflazacort 2 mg/kg/d를 3회 분복하여 투여하였으며 이후 발작 조절을 관찰하면서 20주간은 deflazacort 2 mg/kg/q.o.d로 총 24주간 투여하였다. 4주 간격으로 간질 발작 빈도와 함께 부작용 여부를 측정하였고 deflazacort의 유효성을 평가하기 위한 주결과 변수로 관찰기 동안과 약물 투여 6개월간의 발작회수감소율의 중앙값을 통계적으로 검정하였으며 보조 결과 변수로 간질 발작 빈도가 50% 이상 감소한 환아들과 발작이 완전히 소실된 환아들의 비율을 조사하였다. 더불어 Lennox- Gastaut 증후군에 동반된 무긴장성발작과 무긴장성발작만을 발현하는 예 간에 발작회수감소율의 차이를 분석하였으며 50% 이상 발작 감소를 보인 반응군과 비반응군 간의 임상 양상의 차이를 비교 관찰하였다. 결과:48명의 환아를 대상으로, 관찰기와 약물투여 6개월 기간 중 발작회수감소율의 중앙값은 42.7%로 통계적으로 유의하게 감소됨을 확인할 수 있었다. Lennox- Gastaut 증후군의 발작회수감소율의 중앙값은 48.9%였으며 무긴장성발작 형태로만 발현하는 경우는 39.3%로 Lennox- Gastaut 증후군에서 다소 효과가 높은 경향이 있었으나 통계적으로 의미는 없었다. 간질 발작 빈도가 50% 이상 감소한 예는 22명(45.8%)이였으며, 간질 발작이 완전히 소실된 경우는 4명(8.3%)이였다. 발작 빈도가 50% 이상 감소한 반응군과 비반응군 간의 임상 양상에 있어 통계적으로 의미 있는 차이는 없었다. 부작용은 20명(41.6%)에서 나타났으며 행동장애가 4명(8.3%),체중 증가와 쿠싱 형상이 16명(33.3%)에서 보였다. 하지만 약물을 중단하지는 않았으며 추적 관찰중이다. 결론:항간질제에 난치성을 보이는 소아 무긴장성발작에서 deflazacort의 병용 투여는 간질 발작 조절에 효과가 있었으며, 부작용으로 경한 행동장애와 쿠싱 형상이 있었으나 약물 투여 중단을 요하지는 않았다. PURPOSE: This is a clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and adverse reactions of deflazacort as adjunctive therapy in childhood intractable atonic seizure including Lennox- Gastaut syndrome. METHODS: This is a clinical prospective, add-on, and open-label study performed for 6 months from Jun. 2000 to Dec. 2000 at the pediatric neurology clinic of Severance Hospital. Subjects were selected according to the following criteria, 1) Patients were diagosed as refractory atonic seizure disorder including Lennox-Gastaut syndrome during more than 6 months, 2) Patients had been on maximal doses of at least 2 anticonvulants including sodium valproate and clonazepam or clobazam. We observed seizure frequency of 4 weeks and 24 week medication period as well as adverse reactions every 4 weeks. Those data were analysed primarily for median seizure frequency reduction rate and other efficacy variables such as responder rate with frequency reduction more than 50% and seizure free rate. We also compared the clinical aspects between responder and non responder group. RESULTS: 48 patients were evaluated for efficacy and adverse reactions. Median seizure frequency reduction rate was 42.7%, responders were 22 patients(45.8%) and seizure free patients were 4(8.3%). In Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, median seizure frequency reduction rate was 48.9% and in atonic seizure only 39.3%. However, there were no statistically significant differences in efficacy. We compared clinical aspects between responder and non responder groups, but couldn't find any difference. The number of patients manifesting adverse reactions was 20(41.6%) in an descending order of frequency, weight gain in 16 patients(33.3%), and irritability in 4 patients(8.3%). CONCLUSION: Deflazacort is believed to be an effective and safe anticonvulsant when used as adjunctive therapy for atonic seizure including Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. However, long term follow up is required to evaluate relapse rate and its adverse reactions.

소아 심장 CT 검사시 Dual Source CT의 High pitch mode를 이용한 선량감소에 관한 연구

이예나(Ya Na Lee),강헌효(Heon Hyo Kang),손성실(Sung Sil Son),박찬혁(Chan Hyuk Park),현진경(Jin Kyung Hyun),신명호(Myung Ho Shin),김준혁(Jun Hyuk Kim),강동원(Dong Won Kang) 대한CT영상기술학회 2012 대한CT영상기술학회지 Vol.14 No.1

I. Purpose This study examines if accurate images can be realized with less dose than sequential mode, one of the existing methods applying DSCT’s high-pitch mode in pediatric cardiography. II. Materials and Methods For 20 patients who came to our hospital from Jan. 1 to Jun. 30, 2011, a test was carried out using MDCT 128 channel dual source; Somatom Definition Flash (Siemens Medical System: Germany). As the test method, the veins of the lower limbs of the patients were secured and contrast medium of 7ml was injected at 0.3ml/s anda CT scan was carried out about 36 s. later. Af first, sequential mode was used, and then high-pitch mode was followed as follow-up examination. The DLP (Dose Length Product) provided by the equipment and effective dose were compared for the assessment of the dose exposed to the patients, after the CT scan. The effective does was calculated by multiplying children’s chest index: 0.021 of the effective dose rate of EUR16262 (European Guide) to DLP value. The images scaned in high-pitch method were compared and assessed quantitatively by a heart decoding specialist and 2 radiologists if the typical diseases of pediatric cardiacs such as coarctation of aorta, atresia of the pulmonary artery and Tetralogy of Fallot can be assessed. III. Results When it was compared to sequential mode, one of the existing cardiography, the effective dose exposed to the patient had decrease by 32% in high-pitch mode. As a result of a comparison with imaging assessment, it was also evaluated as a better imaging than sequential mode IV. Conclusion Pediatric Cardiography using high pitch in Dual source MDCT showed superior effects on the reduction of exposed does than sequential mode, which is considered a useful testing method. 목적 본 연구에서는 소아 심장 검사 시 DSCT의 High-pitch mode를 적용하여 기존의 검사방법 중 하나인 Sequential mode보다 적은 선량으로도 정확한 영상을 구현할 수 있는지 알아본다. 대상 및 방법 2011년 1월 1일부터 6월 30일까지 본원에 내원한 20명의 환자를 대상으로 하여 MDCT 128 channel dual source; Somatom Definition Flash(Siemens medical system: Germany) 장비를 사용하여 검사를 시행하였다. 검사방법은 환자의 하지에 정맥을 확보하고 조영제를 0.3 ml/s로 7ml를 주입한 후 36초 후에 CT검사를 하였다. 처음에는 Sequential mode로 검사한 후 추적 검사할 땐 High-pitch mode로 검사한다. 환자가 받은 피폭선량의 평가는 선량평가는 CT검사 후 장비에서 제공하는 DLP(dose length product)와 유효선량(effective dose)를 비교하였다. 유효선량은 DLP 값에 EUR16262(European Guide) 유효선량비 중 소아 흉부 지수 0,021을 곱하여 계산하였다. 검사한 영상을 심장 판독 전문의 1명과 방사선사 2명이 high-pitch mode로 검사한 영상을 소와 심장의 대표적 질환인 대동맥협착증, 폐동맥 폐쇄증, 팔로씨 사증을 평가할 수 있는지 비교하여 정성적으로 평가하였다. 결과 기존의 심장 검사방법 중 하나인 Sequential mode와 비교했을 때 High pitch mode로 검사했을 때에 32%의 선량 감소 효과가 있었다. 또한 영상 평가 비교 결과 Sequential mode 보다 좋은 영상으로 평가되었다. 결론 Dual source MDCT로 소아심장 검사를 할 때 high pitch mode를 이용하면 sequential mode로 검사했을 때보다 환아가 받는 피폭선량은 낮고 더 우수한 영상을 획득하여 심장질환을 진단하는데 유용한 검사법으로 사료된다.

Impact of Interferon-Based Treatment on Quality of Life and Work Related Productivity from the Korean Cohort in the MOSAIC Study

( Sang Hoon Ahn ),( Won Hyeok Choe ),( Yoon Jun Kim ),( Jeong Heo ),( Dorota Latarska-smuga ),( Jiho Kang ),( Seung Woon Paik ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection increases the risk for progressive liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma and negatively impacts the patient’s quality of life. HCV treatment is evolving with direct acting antivirals but IFN based therapy has been the standard of care for many years and remains available in some countries. The MOSAIC study aims to characterize patients with chronic HCV infection and assess the impact of IFN-containing treatment on health-related quality of life, work related productivity and health care utilization. Methods: MOSAIC is an international prospective multicenter observational study that has been conducted in 20 countries. Consecutive patients with chronic HCV infection were enrolled and those who initiated an IFN based regimen were prospectively followed for 48 weeks. We report results from the Korean cohort Results: 100 patients were enrolled: 86 were treatment naïve and 14 were treatment experienced. 33 patients initiated an IFN based regimen: 6 patients started IFN + RBV, 26 patients started Peg-IFN + RBV, none started Peg-IFN + RBV + DAA and 1 patient received other treatment. Among the treated cohort, demographic and disease characteristics were the following: the mean age was 54.5 years; 14 patients were male. 14 had minimal or no fibrosis, 2 portal fibrosis, 3 bridging fibrosis and 6 patients suffered from cirrhosis. HCV Genotype distribution was as follows: genotype 1: 11; genotype 2: 19 and genotype 3: 3. Table 1 describes the results at baseline and changes over 4, 12 and 48 weeks and end-of-treatment (EOT) for the quality of life and work productivity outcome measures (EQ-5D-5L, HCV-PRO and WPAI). Conclusions: Results from the Korean cohort of the MOSAIC study show a moderate trend for deterioration of health-related quality of life and work productivity associated with IFN based treatment for patients with chronic HCV infection during treatment period. Acknowledgements: The design, study conduct, analysis, and financial support of MOSAIC study were provided by AbbVie. AbbVie participated in the interpretation of data, review, and approval of the content of the abstract. All authors had access to all relevant data and participated in writing, review, and approval of this abstract. Medical writing support was provided by Olivier Van de Steen of Medeor-consulting, funded by AbbVie. Disclosures: Sang Hoon Ahn: served as an advisor and lecturer for Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, F.Hoffmann-La Roche, Merck, AbbVie, and has received unrestricted grants from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, and F. Hoffmann-La Roche for investigator- initiated trials Won Hyeok Choe: Nothing to disclosure Yoon Jun Kim: Nothing to disclosure Jeong Heo: received a grant from GSK; Research support from BMS, and Roche; Advisor for Abbvie, BMS, Gilead Sciences, Pharma Essentia, SillaJen, and Johnson & Johnson. Dorota Latarska-Smuga, Jiho Kang: are employees of AbbVie, Inc. and may hold stock or stock options. Seung Woon Paik: received grant and research support from AbbVie, BMS, Gilead, GSK, Merck, Novartis, and Roche

관동맥질환에서 저밀도 지단백 입자 크기의 분포

임효영,김인숙,승기배,강동헌,전두수,장기육,박준철,이수영,홍순조,최규보 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.8

도시계획수립에 있어서 목표인구추정에 관한 연구 : the case of Seoul City 서울시 사례를 중심으로

강준모,조우현 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1997 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.-

This study intends to build the population index in Seoul Metropolitan Goveronment(S.M.G) by analyzing problems with the existing population estimate. Looking into the past analyzed data, population estimation for 20 years(1960-1980) of S.M.G. lacks the rationality because of reaching the planned population only within 4-8years. Based on comparative analysis of population planning and index of City Master Plan and District Plan, Master Plans of District Offices is more accuracy than that of Seoul. Since pop. estimation considers the increasing of population by housing development the existing population estimate in Urban Planning assumes the prospect population higher than the actual increasing ratio. Therefore, the population estimate model may be chosen in appropriately for each district; and increasing of houses by redevelopment brings the weak effects on increasing population. Consequently, examining the population guidances of Seoul with mathmetical aspect, the prospect population of Seoul is estimated that leads to 11.59 million in 2001, 11.71 million in 2006 and 11.73 million in 2011. with consideration of policy including the development plan, it is also estimated that leads to 11.84 million in 2001, 11.96 million in 2006 and 11.98 million is 2011.