A Simple Cooperative Transmission Protocol for Energy-Efficient Broadcasting Over Multi-Hop Wireless Networks

Kailas, Aravind,Thanayankizil, Lakshmi,Ingram, Mary Ann The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2008 Journal of communications and networks Vol.10 No.2

This paper analyzes a broadcasting technique for wireless multi-hop sensor networks that uses a form of cooperative diversity called opportunistic large arrays (OLAs). We propose a method for autonomous scheduling of the nodes, which limits the nodes that relay and saves as much as 32% of the transmit energy compared to other broadcast approaches, without requiring global positioning system (GPS), individual node addressing, or inter-node interaction. This energy-saving is a result of cross-layer interaction, in the sense that the medium access control (MAC) and routing functions are partially executed in the physical (PHY) layer. Our proposed method is called OLA with a transmission threshold (OLA-T), where a node compares its received power to a threshold to decide if it should forward. We also investigate OLA with variable threshold (OLA-VT), which optimizes the thresholds as a function of level. OLA-T and OLA-VT are compared with OLA broadcasting without a transmission threshold, each in their minimum energy configuration, using an analytical method under the orthogonal and continuum assumptions. The trade-off between the number of OLA levels (or hops) required to achieve successful network broadcast and transmission energy saved is investigated. The results based on the analytical assumptions are confirmed with Monte Carlo simulations.

Effect of privatization and inland infrastructural development on India’s container port selection dynamics

Kailas VENKITASUBRAMANIAN,Jean-Claude Thill 한국해운물류학회 2019 The Asian journal of shipping and Logistics Vol.35 No.4

In this study, we present insights on how the privatization of Indian ports is altering the market share of containerized shipments across two key Industrial corridors of India. Using bill of lading dataset, we implement a binary multi-level discrete port choice model that measures the multidimensional attributes that inform the systematic differences in container shipment transport characteristics between the major government ports and private ports in India. The analysis shows that the private port of Mundra has non-trivial effects on the hinterlands of other state-owned ports. This research offers important markers of port selection in developing economies such as India.

A Simple Cooperative Transmission Protocol for Energy-Efficient Broadcasting Over Multi-Hop Wireless Networks

A. Kailas,L. Thanayankizil,M. A. Ingram 한국통신학회 2008 Journal of communications and networks Vol.10 No.2

This paper analyzes a broadcasting technique for wireless multi-hop sensor networks that uses a form of cooperative diversity called opportunistic large arrays (OLAs). We propose a method for autonomous scheduling of the nodes, which limits the nodes that relay and saves as much as 32% of the transmit energy compared to other broadcast approaches, without requiring global positioning system (GPS), individual node addressing, or inter-node interaction. This energy-saving is a result of cross-layer interaction, in the sense that the medium access control (MAC) and routing functions are partially executed in the physical (PHY) layer. Our proposed method is called OLA with a transmission threshold (OLA-T), where a node compares its received power to a threshold to decide if it should forward. We also investigate OLA with variable threshold (OLA-VT), which optimizes the thresholds as a function of level. OLA-T and OLA-VT are compared with OLA broadcasting without a transmission threshold, each in their minimum energy configuration, using an analytical method under the orthogonal and continuum assumptions. The trade-off between the number of OLA levels (or hops) required to achieve successful network broadcast and transmission energy saved is investigated. The results based on the analytical assumptions are confirmed with Monte Carlo simulations.

Effect of a deposition container on the nanostructural growth and DSSC application of rutile TiO2

Tehare, Kailas K.,Zate, Manohar K.,Bhande, Sambhaji S.,Patil, Supriya A.,Gaikwad, Sanjay L.,Yoon, Seong Joon,Mane, Rajaram S.,Lee, Soo-Hyoung,Han, Sung-Hwan The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.2 No.2

Modeling and Sliding Mode Control of Flexible Structure

Sanket Kailas Gorade,Shailaja R. Kurode,Prasanna S. Gandhi 제어로봇시스템학회 2014 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.10

Modeling of flexible structure and its control using sliding modes is investigated in this paper. A system of Flexible Inverted Pendulum(FIP) with bobmass on its tip, cantilevered vertically on a cart, is taken as a representative case of flexible structures. Mechanical modeling of this system is proposed using a new approach. The pendulum is assumed to be made up of chain of multiple small sub-links. Torsional springs of different stiffnesses are then assumed at each joint (between successive links) in its structure. The flexibility of pendulum is accounted by specifying definite stiffness value to each torsional spring, in decreasing order from bottom to top. Complete mathematical model is derived considering multibody mechanical system using energy approach. The proposed model is validated with experimental data obtained from actual plant behavior. Sliding Mode Control (SMC) is then developed for this system. A stable sliding surface is designed. Controller is then synthesized using Gao’s power rate reaching law. Performance of this controller is tested in simulation. Robustness of this sliding mode controlled system, against disturbances, is confirmed from simulation results.

SIMILARITY IN VITA-DETECTED EVENT IN A NEARLY-NEUTRAL ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY LAYER

S. V. Kailas,R. Narasimha 대한기계학회 1992 International Conference on Fluid Machinery Vol.1 No.1

Determination of key sensor locations for non-point pollutant sources management in sewer network

강온유,이승철,KAILAS L. WASEWAR,Hongbin Liu,김민정,TaeSeok Oh,Emad Janghorban,유창규 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.1

As the importance of watershed management has emerged for water systems, non-point pollutant sources have been blamed as the main problem of water pollution. To control non-point pollutant sources, it is necessary to monitor sewers connected to the watershed and to analyze their effects on the sewer network. As the cost to monitor a sewer network depends on the number of sensors installed, the monitoring stations should be decided with proper guide of the installation location rule. In present paper, a new method to select the proper sensor location is proposed by combining monitoring information with data mining techniques. To estimate the amount of pollutants by wash-off and to find the sensor locations in a sewer network, three scenarios are considered based on rainfall intensity, influent concentrations and flow rate. The optimal locations of the sensor were selected based on the proposed method to facilitate the management of non-point pollutant source in sewer network. The presented approach can be extended to a complex sewer network system to design a minimum number of sensors and optimum locations for the sensors.

Experimental estimate of Nγ values and corresponding settlements for square footings on finite layer of sand

Dixit, Manish S.,Patil, Kailas A. Techno-Press 2013 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.5 No.4

Any structure constructed on the earth is supported by the underlying soil. Foundation is an interfacing element between superstructure and the underlying soil that transmits the loads supported by the foundation including its self weight. Foundation design requires evaluation of safe bearing capacity along with both immediate and long term settlements. Weak and compressible soils are subjected to problems related to bearing capacity and settlement. The conventional method of design of footing requires sufficient safety against failure and the settlement must be kept within the allowable limit. These requirements are dependent on the bearing capacity of soil. Thus, the estimation of load carrying capacity of footing is the most important step in the design of foundation. A number of theoretical approaches, in-situ tests and laboratory model tests are available to find out the bearing capacity of footings. The reliability of any theory can be demonstrated by comparing it with the experimental results. Results from laboratory model tests on square footings resting on sand are presented in this paper. The variation of bearing capacity of sand below a model plate footing of square shape with variation in size, depth and the effect of permissible settlement are evaluated. A steel tank of size $900mm{\times}1200mm{\times}1000mm$ is used for conducting model tests. Bearing capacity factor $N_{\gamma}$ is evaluated and is compared with Terzaghi, Meyerhof, Hansen and Vesic's $N_{\gamma}$ values. From the experimental investigations it is found that, as the depth of sand cushion below the footing ($D_{sc}$) increases, ultimate bearing capacity and settlement values show an increasing trend up to a certain depth of sand cushion.

Enhancement of Esterification of Propionic Acid with Isopropyl Alcohol by Pervaporation Reactor

Rathod, Ajit P.,Wasewar, Kailas L.,Yoo, Chang Kyoo Hindawi Limited 2014 Journal of chemistry Vol.2014 No.-

<P>With increasing cost of raw materials and energy, there is an increasing inclination of chemical process industries toward new processes that result in lesser waste generation, greater efficiency, and substantial yield of the desired products. Esterification is a chemical reaction in which two reactants carboxylic acid and alcohol react to form an ester and water. This reaction is a reversible reaction and the equilibrium conversion can be altered by varying the process parameters. Pervaporation reactor can enhance the conversion by shifting the equilibrium of reversible esterification reactions. Polyvinyl alcohol-polyether sulfone composite hydrophilic membrane was used for pervaporation-assisted esterification of propionic acid with isopropyl alcohol. The experiments were carried out in the presence of sulphuric acid as a catalyst at 50°C to 80°C with various reactants ratios. The esterification was carried out for catalyst loadings of 0.089 kmol/m<SUP>3</SUP>to 0.447 kmol/m<SUP>3</SUP>. The molar ratios of isopropyl to propionic acid used for the experiment were 1 to 1.5. Maximum conversion was obtained for the ratio of 1.4. Also effect of other parameters such as process temperature and catalyst concentration was discussed. It was found that the use of pervaporation reactor increased the conversion of the propionic acid considerably.</P>

Relative basicity approach for separation of a-toluic acid with triglycerides of fatty acids by reactive extraction

Kanti Kumar Athankar,Kailas L Wasewar,Mahesh N. Varma,Diwakar Z. Shende 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.22 No.-

Extraction of a-toluic acid from aqueous solution has drawn attention due to its ample range ofbiological, antibacterial, analgesic, and virucidal properties. In the present paper, reactive separation ofa-toluic acid with tri-n-butyl phosphate dissolved in triglycerides of fatty acids such as castor oil,soybean oil and sunflower oil has been investigated to evaluate the performance of the diluents andextractants in reactive extraction process. The experimental results were presented as overalldistribution coefficient (KD), loading factor (f), extraction efficiency (E%), and overall equilibriumconstant (Eab) and observed in the range of data 4.4–45.7, 0.006–0.066, 81.6–97.9, and 15.1–28.1,respectively. Further relative basicity approach has been extended to represent the experimental results. The model is best suited to experimental results. The use of triglycerides of fatty acids (natural diluents)such as castor oil, soybean oil and sunflower oil can reduce the toxicity up to certain levels. Hence, allthree diluents can be used to avoid the toxicity effect.