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Current State and Future of Refrigerants for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
Kagawa, Noboru The Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating 2007 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.15 No.4
Refrigeration and air-conditioning equipments are indispensable products in this civilized society. However, discharged refrigerants used in the equipments and exhausted carbon dioxide to drive the refrigeration and air-conditioning equipments are related to serious environmental problems and energy problems. Especially, the destroyed ozonosphere by the discharged refrigerants and the increased normal temperature by carbon dioxide and fluorocarbon refrigerants (green house gases) are sounded as serious global problems. For alleviating these problems, environmental-friendly refrigeration and air-conditioning equipments must be developed and will spread soon. To develop new equipment, a suitable refrigerant for each usage must be presented. In this paper, the current state of refrigerants was introduced. And, thermophysical properties of the refrigerants were introduced briefly. From the properties, the refrigerants and refrigeration cycles are promising to be used in the future, were proposed
「葉桜の季節」に翻訳を想うということ-叙述トリックの韓国語訳の特徴-
Kagawa Yukiko 한국일본언어문화학회 2017 일본언어문화 Vol.39 No.-
This paper focuses on the narrative trick in a Japanese detective story, and discusses what factors could cause the readers’ misconception about the age of the characters and how these factors are translated into Korean. The results are as follows: One of the factors that causes the difficulty of translation is that the narrative trick is based on the characteristics of Japanese usage of address-terms. In Japanese, sometimes we call a member of the family by the address-term from the point of view of the youngest member of the family. For example, “ojii-san” literally means “my grandfather”, but when the woman who has a grandchild use it, the term could also mean “her husband”. Korean has a similar characteristic, but it is not quite the same as Japanese. Besides, the respect for seniors is regarded as more important in the Korean language than the Japanese language, so it is difficult to keep the equivalence between source text and target text. Secondly, this book gives some hints including unique Japanese culture or custom for readers to reach the truth, as well as the tricks set to deceive them. However, for Korean readers who are not familiar with them, those hints would be meaningless. Cases of this type can be seen in the following items: the usage of teenage slang by the elderly, the elderly's leisure activities, a concrete noun (the name of a real place) and the model number of mobile phones for the elderly. Lastly, this paper points out the difficulty of translating things from Japanese which includes Japanese people’s feeling for them. Japanese people have special feeling for cherry trees. They appreciate not only the blossoms but also the leaves, and differentiate “cherry blossom falls” from “cherry trees in leaf” even if these indicate the same season. In this book, “cherry trees in leaf” implies the elderly’s vital energy. The Korean language does not have the equivalent word for “cherry trees in leaf”; therefore, it fails to tell the theme of this book the author set. .
Yuki Kagawa,Kazuhiko Noda,Tadashi Shinohara,Hachiro Imai 한국표면공학회 2010 한국표면공학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2010 No.11
Analysis of concentration of chloride ion in crevice corrosion was done on type 304 stainless steel by immersion of the specimen in 0.5 ㏖/l NaCl solutions and measured using galvanostatic measurement in occluded cell. The anodic reaction in crevice corrosion could be estimated as the changing the concentration of chloride ion by using occluded cell. The condense of the chloride ion was derived by keeping the neutrality in the crevice area. The results show that chloride ion concentrations in crevice during the crevice corrosion growth. This proves that the use of Ag / AgCl electrode can be applied for chloride ion measurement in crevice corrosion.
Current State and Future of Refrigerants for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
Noboru Kagawa 대한설비공학회 2007 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.15 No.4
Refrigeration and air-conditioning equipments are indispensable products in this civilized society. However, discharged refrigerants used in the equipments and exhausted carbon dioxide to drive the refrigeration and airconditioning equipments are related to serious environmental problems and energy problems. Especially, the destroyed ozonosphere by the discharged refrigerants and the increased normal temperature by carbon dioxide and fluorocarbon refrigerants (green house gases) are sounded as serious global problems. For alleviating these problems, environmentalfriendly refrigeration and air-conditioning equipments must be developed and will spread soon. To develop new equipment, a suitable refrigerant for each usage must be presented. In this paper, the current state of refrigerants was introduced. And, thermophysical properties of the refrigerants were introduced briefly. From the properties, the refrigerants and refrigeration cycles are promising to be used in the future, were proposed
Future Aspect of Refrigerants: Considering Thermophysical Properties and Cycle Performance
NOBORU KAGAWA 대한설비공학회 2012 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.20 No.2
Refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump equipments (generally known as heat pumps) are very important for the civilized society. However, discharged refrigerants from heat pumps and exhausted carbon dioxide to drive heat pumps result in serious environmental problems. For this reason, fluorocarbon refrigerants are limited or regulated. To alleviate the problems, new refrigerants with lower GWP and higher cycle performance must be developed and used. In this paper, calculated thermophysical properties of hydrofluoroolefin refrigerants using databases are evaluated with experimental data. Then, the fundamental cycle performance of air conditioning by using major refrigerants is studied based on their thermophysical properties. The results show that there is no adequate refrigerant for air conditioning applications. Heat pumps with new refrigerants including refrigerant mixtures must be developed as fast as possible. It leads to that HFC refrigerants must be used taking care until the new refrigerants will be available.
An Efficient Color Transferring Interface with 3-Dimensional Transformation
Tsuneo Kagawa,Hiroaki Nishino,Kouichi Utsumiya 대한전자공학회 2008 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2008 No.7
We propose a user interface for color transferring with 3D computer graphics techniques. Proposing user interface can plot points describing color information of images in an arbitrary color space, such as RGB, HSI, and CIELAB (L<SUP>*</SUP>a<SUP>*</SUP>b<SUP>*</SUP>). These colors form three-dimensional distributions in the color spaces. Users can facilitate some operations, such as transformation, rotation and scaling, to these shapes representing color distribution in 3D space without altering visual appearance of original images. This type of interactive color transferring makes control very intuitive.