Marriage in early twentieth century Northern India : Hindi literature vis-à-vis social transformations

Justyna WIŚNIEWSKA-SINGH 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2016 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.22 No.1

This paper explores how a changing social situation in late colonial northern India influenced issues related to marriage. The most controversial matters, also reflected in Hindi literature of the time, were: proper age at marriage, ritual concerns, marriage expenses as well as effects of child marriage and child widows. The paper draws mainly on Hindi novels by Ayodhya Singh Upadhyay and Kishorilal Goswami, published in the beginning of the twentieth century. For the most part, conservative and didactic in their outlook, they put forward interesting postulates concerning disputable matters. Some of the ideas, like reducing unnecessary wedding expenses, are worth considering even today. The analysis of literary sources also reveals the expectations of future brides and grooms. The attention paid by Hindi writers to a number of marriage practices confirms the status of marriage as one of the most important social institutions.

Marriage in early twentieth century Northern India: Hindi literature vis-à-vis social transformations

Justyna Wiśniewska-Singh 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2016 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.22 No.1

This paper explores how a changing social situation in late colonial northern India influenced issues related to marriage. The most controversial matters, also reflected in Hindi literature of the time, were: proper age at marriage, ritual concerns, marriage expenses as well as effects of child marriage and child widows. The paper draws mainly on Hindi novels by Ayodhya Singh Upadhyay and Kishorilal Goswami, published in the beginning of the twentieth century. For the most part, conservative and didactic in their outlook, they put forward interesting postulates concerning disputable matters. Some of the ideas, like reducing unnecessary wedding expenses, are worth considering even today. The analysis of literary sources also reveals the expectations of future brides and grooms. The attention paid by Hindi writers to a number of marriage practices confirms the status of marriage as one of the most important social institutions.

Methylene blue chromoendoscopy is more useful in detection of intestinal metaplasia in the stomach than mucosal pit pattern or vessel evaluation and predicts advanced Operative Link on Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia stages

Justyna Wasielica-Berger,Pawel Rogalski,Anna Pryczynicz,Agnieszka Swidnicka-Siergiejko,Andrzej Dabrowsk 대한소화기내시경학회 2023 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.56 No.2

Background/Aims: Intestinal metaplasia (IM) of the stomach is a precancerous condition that is often not visible during conventional endoscopy. Hence, we evaluated the utility of magnification endoscopy and methylene blue (MB) chromoendoscopy to detect IM. Methods: We estimated the percentage of gastric mucosa surface staining with MB, mucosal pit pattern, and vessel visibility and correlated it with the presence of IM and the percentage of metaplastic cells in histology, similar to the Operative Link on Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia (OLGIM) stage. Results: IM was found in 25 of 33 (75.8%) patients and in 61 of 135 biopsies (45.2%). IM correlated with positive MB staining (p<0.001) and other than dot pit patterns (p=0.015). MB staining indicated IM with better accuracy than the pit pattern or vessel evaluation (71.7% vs. 60.5% and 49.6%, respectively). At a cut-off point of 16.5% for the MB-stained gastric surface, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of chromoendoscopy in the detection of advanced OLGIM stages were 88.9%, 91.7%, and 90.9%, respectively. The percentage of metaplastic cells detected on histology was the strongest predictor of positive MB staining. Conclusions: MB chromoendoscopy can serve as a screening method for detecting advanced OLGIM stages. MB mainly stains IM areas with a high concentration of metaplastic cells.

Drug-Resistant Hyponatremia after Escitalopram Intake: A Series of Two Case Reports

Justyna Kacperczyk,Adrian Perdyan,Małgorzata Stompór 대한노인병학회 2021 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.25 No.3

The consumption of new selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) is raising dramatically especially in European countries. It contributes to occurrence of clinically important drug side effects. One of which can be hyponatremia. We present two case reports of 85-year-old and 84-year-old women who developed hyponatremia after escitalopram administration. We hypothesize that in both cases hyponatremia was connected with antidepressants administration. However, due to multiple comorbidities and polypharmacy it is often impossible to establish the exact mechanism of hyponatremia. Moreover, it is crucial to distinguish subtypes of drug-induced syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone hypersecretion (SIADH), such as SSRI-induced SIADH, reset osmostat SIADH, thiazide-associated hyponatremia, thiazide-induced hyponatremia, mineralocorticoid responsive hyponatremia of older adults, in order to properly diagnose and treat geriatric patients. Administration of antidepressants or thiazides should be followed by a regular monitoring of serum sodium level.

Multi-word Clusters, Keywords and Key Terms in English Car Reviews: a Preliminary Corpus Linguistic Study

Justyna Kendik-Gut,Łukasz Grabowski 한국코퍼스언어학회 2018 Corpus Linguistics Research Vol.4 No.-

Classroom use of authentic texts used in everyday communication has not always been an inseparable part of foreign language teaching. According to Grigaliuniene (2013, p. 17), “the structures many current textbooks teach for certain functions are either never used or used infrequently while quite unexpected structures are the ones that actually occur”. Despite the awareness of the importance of authentic patterns of language use, students often learn structures (lexical or grammatical) which are rarely used in actual communication. Teaching authentic phrases is even more important in English for Specific Purposes (ESP) where learners’ specific needs impact the design of a course (Dudley-Evans & St John, 1998). What is more, ESP students need to acquire vocabulary of a target profession. Thus, in this preliminary study, conducted using corpus linguistic methodology, an attempt is made to identify and explore the use and discourse functions of frequent and typical patterns of language use, i.e. keywords, recurrent clusters and multi-word terms (nominalizations), found in a custom-designed corpus of car reviews written in English. As shown by examples of student tasks, the results have pedagogical potential in that they can be used as a useful resource when designing or supplementing teaching materials for secondary-school ESP students (automotive technicians and car mechanics).1)

KMgF₃:Eu²⁺ as a new fluorescence-based pressure sensor for diamond anvil cell experiments

Barzowska, Justyna,Lesniewski, Tadeusz,Mahlik, Sebastian,Seo, Hyo Jin,Grinberg, Marek Elsevier 2018 Optical materials Vol.84 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We present an optical pressure sensor KMgF<SUB>3</SUB>:Eu<SUP>2+</SUP> suitable for experiments in diamond anvil cell (DAC), which we have calibrated against the ruby reference sensor at pressures ranging from atmospheric up to 30 GPa (300 kbar), at room temperature. The emission spectra of KMgF<SUB>3</SUB>:Eu<SUP>2+</SUP> consist of one prominent emission line related to the <SUP>6</SUP>P<SUB>7/2</SUB> → <SUP>8</SUP>S<SUB>7/2</SUB> electronic transition (zero phonon line) accompanied by weak phonon sidebands. The energy of emission at atmospheric pressure was determined to be 27846 ± 7 cm<SUP>−1</SUP>. The edge of the excitation spectrum lies at wavelength around 325 nm (30800 cm<SUP>−1</SUP>) making it suitable to excite with He-Cd laser (325 nm). The sensor exhibits linear pressure shift of rate equal to −0.815 ± 0.007 cm<SUP>−1</SUP>/kbar at pressures up to 300 kbar. The pressure shift of the emission is totally reversible and the pressure sensor is suitable for multi cycle pressure experiments. The sensor's exceptional feature is that excitation and emission spectra lie in near UV, which makes it very convenient to use in high pressure optical measurements in visible and IR region with no interference from the sensor's luminescence.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> New optical pressure sensor for high pressure experiments – KMgF<SUB>3</SUB>:Eu<SUP>2+</SUP>. </LI> <LI> Sensor has been callibrated for pressures up to 300 kbar (30 GPa). </LI> <LI> Pressure sensor is applicable at cryogenic temperatures as well as above room temperature. </LI> <LI> Luminescence in UV range prevents interference of the sensor during high pressure optical measurements in VIS-IR range. </LI> </UL> </P>

Mcl-PHAs Produced by Pseudomonas sp. Gl01 Using Fed-Batch Cultivation with Waste Rapeseed Oil as Carbon Source

( Mozejko Justyna ),( Andreas Wilke ),( Grzegorz Przyby Ek ),( Slawomir Ciesielski ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.3

The present study describes medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHAs) production by the Pseudomonas Gl01 strain isolated from mixed microbial communities utilized for PHAs synthesis. A two-step fedbatch fermentation was conducted with glucose and waste rapeseed oil as the main carbon source for obtaining cell growth and mcl-PHAs accumulation, respectively. The results show that the Pseudomonas Gl01 strain is capable of growing and accumulating mcl-PHAs using a waste oily carbon source. The biomass value reached 3.0 g/l of CDW with 20% of PHAs content within 48 h of cultivation. The polymer was purified from lyophilized cells and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). The results revealed that the monomeric composition of the obtained polyesters depended on the available substrate. When glucose was used in the growth phase, 3-hydroxyundecanoate and 3- hydroxydodecanoate were found in the polymer composition, whereas in the PHAs-accumulating stage, the Pseudomonas Gl01 strain synthesized mcl-PHAs consisting mainly of 3- hydroxyoctanoate and 3-hydroxydecanoate. The transcriptional analysis using reverse-transcription real-time PCR reaction revealed that the phaC1 gene could be transcribed simultaneously to the phaZ gene.

Model based engineering of <i>Pichia pastoris</i> central metabolism enhances recombinant protein production

Nocon, Justyna,Steiger, Matthias G.,Pfeffer, Martin,Sohn, Seung Bum,Kim, Tae Yong,Maurer, Michael,Rußmayer, Hannes,Pflü,gl, Stefan,Ask, Magnus,Haberhauer-Troyer, Christina,Ortmayr, Karin,Hann, Ste Academic Press 2014 Metabolic engineering Vol.24 No.-

<▼1><P>The production of recombinant proteins is frequently enhanced at the levels of transcription, codon usage, protein folding and secretion. Overproduction of heterologous proteins, however, also directly affects the primary metabolism of the producing cells. By incorporation of the production of a heterologous protein into a genome scale metabolic model of the yeast <I>Pichia pastoris</I>, the effects of overproduction were simulated and gene targets for deletion or overexpression for enhanced productivity were predicted. Overexpression targets were localized in the pentose phosphate pathway and the TCA cycle, while knockout targets were found in several branch points of glycolysis. Five out of 9 tested targets led to an enhanced production of cytosolic human superoxide dismutase (hSOD). Expression of bacterial β-glucuronidase could be enhanced as well by most of the same genetic modifications. Beneficial mutations were mainly related to reduction of the NADP/H pool and the deletion of fermentative pathways. Overexpression of the hSOD gene itself had a strong impact on intracellular fluxes, most of which changed in the same direction as predicted by the model. <I>In vivo</I> fluxes changed in the same direction as predicted to improve hSOD production. Genome scale metabolic modeling is shown to predict overexpression and deletion mutants which enhance recombinant protein production with high accuracy.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>•<P>Recombinant protein production in <I>P. pastoris</I> affects the central metabolism.</P>•<P>A genome scale metabolic model can predict these metabolic flux changes.</P>•<P>Mutations in central metabolic genes enhanced recombinant protein yield up to 40%.</P>•<P>These beneficial mutations were predicted by the metabolic model with high accuracy.</P></P></▼2>

The New LM-PCR/Shifter Method for the Genotyping of Microorganisms Based on the Use of a Class IIS Restriction Enzyme and Ligation-Mediated PCR

( Beata Krawczyk ),( Justyna Leibner Ciszak ),( Karolina Stojowska ),( Jozef Kur ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.12

This study details and examines a novel ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction (LM-PCR) method. Named the LM-PCR/Shifter, it relies on the use of a Class IIS restriction enzyme giving restriction fragments with different 4-base, 5` overhangs, this being the Shifter, and the ligation of appropriate oligonucleotide adapters. A sequence of 4-base, 5` overhangs of the adapter and a 4- base sequence of the 3` end of the primer(s) determine a subset of the genomic restriction fragments, which are amplified by PCR. The method permits the differentiation of bacterial species strains on the basis of the different DNA band patterns obtained after electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels stained with ethidium bromide and visualized in UV light. The usefulness of the LM-PCR/ Shifter method for genotyping is analyzed by a comparison with the restriction endonuclease analysis of chromosomal DNA by the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (REA-PFGE) and PCR melting profile (PCR MP) methods for isolates of clinical origin. The clustering of the LM-PCR/Shifter fingerprinting data matched those of the REA-PFGE and PCR MP methods. We found that the LM-PCR/Shifter is rapid, and offers good discriminatory power and excellent reproducibility, making it a method that may be effectively applied in epidemiological studies.

Unusual Electronic Behavior in the Polycrystalline Metal Organic Framework [(CH3)2NH2][Na0.5Fe0.5(HCOO)3]

Adam Sieradzki,Justyna Trzmiel,Maciej Ptak,Mirosław Mączka 대한금속·재료학회 2015 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.11 No.6

In this study, the dielectric properties of a polycrystalline metal organic framework [(CH3)2NH2][Na0.5Fe0.5(HCOO)3] (DMNaFe) sample were investigated. The DMNaFe sample exhibited a typical relaxor-like relaxation response in addition to a ferroelastic order-disorder phase transition. Analysis of the frequency dependence of the complex permittivity revealed the characteristic two-power-law dipolar glass relaxor behavior of the DMNaFe, indicating complex cluster formation in the material. Moreover, an unusual transformation associated with the ferroelastic phase transition from the generalized Mittag-Leffler relaxation pattern (low-temperature ordered phase) to the Havriliak- Negami one (high-temperature disordered phase) was detected. The relaxation data obtained for the investigated sample were interpreted based on the stochastic approach to relaxation processes.