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Use of Natural and Cultural Heritage in Tourism Marketing. Case of Latvia
( Juris Smalinskis ),( Agita Livina ) 한국문화관광학회 2018 문화관광연구 Vol.20 No.2
The strategic resources of tourism in Latvia are tangible and intangible cultural and natural heritage, which manifests itself not only in the diversity of species, but also in the landscape created by long-lasting interaction between man and nature and other resources. In the last decade, increasing attention has been devoted to the concept of "ecosystem services" whose economic and social value has not been fully appreciated. The ecosystem services are most often associated with the use of nature, but the use of cultural tourism resources is also closely linked to the ecosystem services. The main objective of the research (2017-2018) was to ascertain: 1) the ways tourism entrepreneurs and tourism information centres of municipalities use the cultural and natural heritage (including ecosystem services) as a tool for tourism product and place marketing; 2) the role of the internationally recognized brand UNESCO in marketing.
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Insa Laspe,Juris J. Meier,Michael A. Nauck 대한당뇨병학회 2023 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.47 No.1
In clinical practice, the distinction between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can be challenging, leaving patients with “ambiguous” diabetes type. Insulin-treated patients (n=115) previously diagnosed with T2DM had to be re-classified based on clinical phenotype and laboratory results, and were operationally defined as having an ambiguous diabetes type. They were compared against patients with definite T1DM and T2DM regarding 12 clinical and laboratory features typically different between diabetes types. Characteristics of patients with ambiguous diabetes type, representing approximately 6% of all patients with T1DM or T2DM seen at our specialized clinic, fell in between those of patients with definite T1DM and T2DM, both regarding individual features and with respect to a novel classification based on multi-variable regression analysis (<i>P</i><0.0001). In conclusion, a substantial proportion of diabetes patients in a tertiary care centre presented with an “ambiguous” diabetes type. Their clinical characteristics fall in between those of definite T1DM or T2DM patients.
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Microbial ecology in Hydra: Why viruses matter
Thomas C.G. Bosch,Juris A. Grasis,Tim Lachnit 한국미생물학회 2015 The journal of microbiology Vol.53 No.3
While largely studied because of their harmful effects onhuman health, there is growing appreciation that virusesare also important members of the animal holobiont. Thisreview highlights recent findings on viruses associated withHydra and related Cnidaria. These early evolutionary diverginganimals not only select their bacterial communities butalso select for viral communities in a species-specific manner. The majority of the viruses associating with these animalsare bacteriophages. We demonstrate that the animal host andits virome have evolved into a homeostatic, symbiotic relationshipand propose that viruses are an important part of theHydra holobiont by controlling the speciinnate immunity, host-microbe interaction, holobiont,virus, evolution, microbiota, Hydraes-specific microbiome. We conclude that beneficial virus-bacterial-host interactionsshould be considered as an integral part of animaldevelopment and evolution. While largely studied because of their harmful effects onhuman health, there is growing appreciation that virusesare also important members of the animal holobiont. Thisreview highlights recent findings on viruses associated withHydra and related Cnidaria. These early evolutionary diverginganimals not only select their bacterial communities butalso select for viral communities in a species-specific manner. The majority of the viruses associating with these animalsare bacteriophages. We demonstrate that the animal host andits virome have evolved into a homeostatic, symbiotic relationshipand propose that viruses are an important part of theHydra holobiont by controlling the species-specific microbiome. We conclude that beneficial virus-bacterial-host interactionsshould be considered as an integral part of animaldevelopment and evolution.
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High polarity analytes in food - enrofloxacin and sulfadiazine in bovine tissue (CCQM-K141)
Windust, Anthony,McRae, Garnet,Meija, Juris,Mester, Zoltá,n,Melanson, Jeremy E,Croft, Meg,Johnston, Lesley,Murby, John,Rego, Eliane C P do,Violante, Fernando G M,Fernandes, Jane L N,Wollinger, W BUREAU INTERNATIONAL DES POIDS ET MESURES 2019 METROLOGIA -BERLIN- Vol.56 No.-
<P></P> <P>Within the Organic Analysis Working Group (OAWG) of the Comité Consultatif pour la Quantitè de Matiére (CCQM), key comparison CCQM-K141 and associated pilot study CCQM-P178 were coordinated by the National Research Council Canada (NRC). This comparison was a Track A key comparison that formed part of the OAWG 10-year strategic plan. The comparison demonstrated capabilities for measuring high-polarity analytes in a high-fat and high-protein matrix. The measurand chosen as the model system was enrofloxacin and sulfadiazine in bovine tissue. Thirteen National Metrology Institutes or Designated Institutes participated in the CCQM-K141, while two National Metrology Institutes participated in CCQM-P178.</P> <P>The bovine muscle tissue study material was derived from a single live animal that was administered with chemical based pharmaceutical agents prior to processing. Therefore, the study material was naturally incurred, providing a true test of extraction procedures relative to more commonly encountered spiked materials. NRC confirmed excellent homogeneity and stability of the material prior to shipping. Three 10 g bottles of freeze dried powdered muscle tissue were supplied. NRC also provided isotopically labelled solutions of the two measurands, <SUP>13</SUP>C<SUB>6</SUB>-sulfadiazine and enrofloxacin-d<SUB>5</SUB> (HI Salt), to those interested in using isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) methodologies. Procurement and purity assignment with appropriate metrological traceability of native calibrants were the responsibility of individual participants. The study required extraction, clean-up, analytical separation, and selective detection of the analytes.</P> <P>The level of agreement was reasonable given the measurands and matrix were new for most laboratories. The KCRV values and their uncertainties at the 95% confidence level of 57.81 ± 2.57 μg/kg for enrofloxacin and 2285 ± 68 μg/kg for sulfadiazine were calculated using the DSL means. While one participant's value was voluntarily excluded from the KCRV calculations for enrofloxacin, all other participants demonstrated equivalence for both measurands.</P> <P>Significant effort was undertaken post-study to identify the major sources of variability between results. In particular, the various extraction conditions used by participants were investigated thoroughly. While there appeared to be a correlation between highly acidic conditions and higher recovery, this was not definitive and could not be confirmed. The form of standards employed (i.e. free base vs salts) and potential differential solubility between forms was also a suspected source of variability. Biases could also have been introduced with the choice of solvents used for standard preparation, with some solvents better able to minimize adsorption of the analytes to glass surfaces.</P> <P>KEY WORDS FOR SEARCH</P> <P>enrofloxacin, sulfadiazine, bovine tissue, incurred, key comparison</P> <P></P> <H2>Main text</H2> <P> To reach the main text of this paper, click on <A HREF='https://www.bipm.org/utils/common/pdf/final_reports/QM/K141/CCQM-K141.pdf'>Final Report</A>. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database <A HREF='http://kcdb.bipm.org/'>kcdb.bipm.org/</A>.</P> <P>The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).</P>
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( Svetlana Cui ),( Olesja Basina ),( Aiga Staka ),( Aldis Pukitis ),( Juris Pokrotnieks ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Colovesical fi stulae(CF) are the most common type of fi stulous communication between the urinary bladder and the bowel. The most common cause of CF is diverticulosis. Methods: We present a case of colovesical fi stulae in a patient with atypical clinical manifestation. A 57-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital in December, 2012 with febrile temperature, chill, fatigue and sweatiness. Patient had no pain associated with urinary or bowel tract. No tenderness or masses in abdomen were palpated. Blood analysis performed leukocytosis and increased CRP. In the urinalysis, the nitrite reaction was positive. Urinary tract infection (UTI) as a primary diagnosis was determined. Abdominal computer tomography (CT) scanning demonstated multiple sigmoid colon diverticuli with wall thickening. Patient received antibiotics for the next 7 days. Patient was discharged from hospital with signifi cant improvement of laboratory analysis and overall state. In November 2013 patient was admitted again in in-patient department with subfebril temperature since October 2013. However, no history of abdominal pain, changes of defecation or urination habits were referred. Urine culture revealed Escherichia coli. In abdominal CT gas within the bladder and in peritoneal cavity was detected and the sigmoid colon and the dome of the bladder were severely adhering to each other. A thickening of the sigmoid colon and the bladder wall with abscess was observed. Based on the CT fi ndings, a sigmoid colovesical fi stula was suspected. Results: To assess the fi stular tract, we performed cystoscopy, that presented localized area of edema, congestion in the bladder wall and fecal material observed in the bladder, but the fi stula was not seen. Patient was transferred to the Department of Surgery for operative treatment. Conclusions: Our case presents atypical clinical UTI and diverticulitis manifestation.“- Golden standard” in CF treatment is a sigmoid resection with a primary anastomosis and a small vesical window-ectomy.
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