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Lee, Jinwoo,Lee, Dohoon,Oh, Eunkeu,Kim, Jaeyun,Kim, Young-Pil,Jin, Sunmi,Kim, Hak-Sung,Hwang, Yosun,Kwak, Ja Hun,Park, Je-Geun,Shin, Chae-Ho,Kim, Jungbae,Hyeon, Taeghwan WILEY-VCH Verlag 2005 Angewandte Chemie Vol.44 No.45
<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Glucose oxidase (GOx) was immobilized in magnetic mesocellular carbon foam by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. This material has been utilized to construct a magnetically switchable bio-electrocatalytic system in which the catalytic oxidation of glucose could be switched on and off by the positioning of an external magnet near and away from the electrode (see scheme). <img src='wiley_img/14337851-2005-44-45-ANIE200502995-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/14337851-2005-44-45-ANIE200502995-content'> </P>
Magnetic imaging of a single ferromagnetic nanowire using diamond atomic sensors
Lee, Myeongwon,Jang, Bumjin,Yoon, Jungbae,Mathpal, Mohan C,Lee, Yuhan,Kim, Chulki,Pane, Salvador,Nelson, Bradley J,Lee, Donghun IOP 2018 Nanotechnology Vol.29 No.40
<P>Recent advances in nanorobotic manipulation of ferromagnetic nanowires bring new avenues for applications in the biomedical area, such as targeted drug delivery, diagnostics or localized surgery. However, probing a single nanowire and monitoring its dynamics remains a challenge since it demands high precision sensing, high-resolution imaging, and stable operations in fluidic environments. Here, we report on a novel method of imaging and sensing magnetic fields from a single ferromagnetic nanowire with an atomic-scale sensor in diamond, i.e. diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defect center. The distribution of static magnetic fields around a single Co nanowire is mapped out by spatially distributed NV centers and the obtained image is further compared with numerical simulation for quantitative analysis. DC field measurements such as continuous-wave ODMR and Ramsey sequence are used in the paper and sub Gauss level of field sensing is demonstrated. By imaging magnetic fields at a single nanowire level, this work represents an important step toward tracking and probing of ferromagnetic nanowires in biomedical applications.</P>
Lee, Jeongjoon,Lee, Inseon,Nam, Jahyun,Hwang, Dong Soo,Yeon, Kyung-Min,Kim, Jungbae American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.18
<P>Acylase (AC) was immobilized and stabilized on carboxylated polyaniline nanofibers (cPANFs) for the development of antifouling nanobiocatalysts with high enzyme loading and stability. AC was immobilized via three different approaches: covalent attachment (CA), enzyme coating (EC), and magnetically separable enzyme precipitate coating (Mag-EPC). The enzyme activity per unit weight of cPANFs with Mag-EPC was 75 and 300 times higher than that of those with CA and EC, respectively, representing improved enzyme loading in the form of Mag-EPC. After incubation under shaking at 200 rpm for 20 days, Mag-EPC maintained 55% of its initial activity, whereas CA and EC showed 3 and 16% of their initial activities, respectively. The antifouling of highly loaded and stable Mag-EPC against the biofouling/biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was tested under static- and continuous-flow conditions. Biofilm formation in the presence of 40,mu g/mL Mag-EPC under static condition was 5 times lower than that under control condition with no addition of Mag-EPC. Under continuous membrane filtration, Mag-EPC delayed the increase of transmembrane pressure (TMP) more effectively as the concentration of added Mag-EPC increased. When separating Mag-EPC and membranes in two different vessels under internal circulation of the culture solution, Mag-EPC maintained a higher permeability than the control with no Mag-EPC addition. It was also confirmed that the addition of Mag-EPC reduced the generation of N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) autoinducers. This result reveals that the inhibition of biofilm formation and biofouling in the presence of Mag-EPC is due to the hydrolysis of AHL autoinducers, catalyzed by the immobilized and stabilized AC in the form of Mag-EPC. Mag-EPC of AC with high enzyme loadings and improved stability has demonstrated its great potential as an antifouling agent by reducing biofilm formation and membrane biofouling based on 'enzymatic quorum quenching' of autoinducers.</P>
Lee, Byoungsoo,Yeon, Kyung-Min,Shim, Jongmin,Kim, Sang-Ryoung,Lee, Chung-Hak,Lee, Jinwoo,Kim, Jungbae American Chemical Society 2014 Biomacromolecules Vol.15 No.4
<P>Highly effective antifouling was achieved by immobilizing and stabilizing an acylase, disrupting bacterial cell-to-cell communication, in the form of cross-linked enzymes in magnetically separable mesoporous silica. This so-called “quorum-quenching” acylase (AC) was adsorbed into spherical mesoporous silica (S-MPS) with magnetic nanoparticles (Mag-S-MPS), and further cross-linked for the preparation of nanoscale enzyme reactors of AC in Mag-S-MPS (NER-AC/Mag-S-MPS). NER-AC effectively stabilized the AC activity under rigorous shaking at 200 rpm for 1 month, while free and adsorbed AC lost more than 90% of their initial activities in the same condition within 1 and 10 days, respectively. When applied to the membrane filtration for advanced water treatment, NER-AC efficiently alleviated the biofilm maturation of <I>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</I> PAO1 on the membrane surface, thereby enhancing the filtration performance by preventing membrane fouling. Highly stable and magnetically separable NER-AC, as an effective and sustainable antifouling material, has a great potential to be used in the membrane filtration for water reclamation.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/bomaf6/2014/bomaf6.2014.15.issue-4/bm401595q/production/images/medium/bm-2013-01595q_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/bm401595q'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
생명담론의 한국적 실상 : 국내에서 생산 또는 논의 중인 생명담론들
이정배(Jungbae Lee) 인제대학교 인간환경미래연구원 2011 인간 · 환경 · 미래 Vol.- No.6
본고는 한국에서 소통되는 생명이론의 제 실상을 체계적으로 소개함을 목적으로 한다. 본고에서는 생명이 종교는 물론 철학의 핵심담론이 되는 현실을 숙지하면서 수입된 사상은 물론 자생적 이론을 일목요연하게 정리하는 일에 주안점을 두었다. 하지만 십여 종류의 생명담론을 엮었기에 각각의 이론들을 집중 조명하기에는 지면이 허락되지 않았다. 하여 본고에서는 크게 세 이론씩 묶어서 상호간 비판적 입장을 소개하는 것으로 만족해야 했다. 우선 생명의 형이상학적 측면을 탐색한 이론들,A. 슈바이쩌의 ‘생명외경론’,H. 요나스의 ‘생명원리’ 그리고 과정사상의 ‘유기체론’을 상호 묶어 논의하였다. 다음으로 한국에서 논의된 신과학 사조를 생명의 시각에서 비판적으로 탐색하였다. 물리학자인 F. 카프라와 생물학자인 R. 쉘드레이크의 형태공명론을 소개하였고 그에 대한 비판으로 자생적 생명담론을 펼친 장회익의 ‘온생명론’을 적시하였다. 아울러 홀아키론을 전개한 K. 윌버를 소개했다. 셋째 장에서는 진화생물학적 시각에서 논의된 생명담론을 주제화했다. E. 윌슨의 환원주의적 생명론을 정리했고 그에 대한 비판으로서 최민자의 한국적 통섭론을 소개하였으며 들뢰즈를 비롯한 프랑스 철학자들의 개체성에 근거한 사건으로서의 생명이론을 언급했다. 마지막 장에서는 주로 한국에서 전개된 자생적 생명이론을 상호 연관 지어 설명하였다. 우선 김지하에 의해 전개한 동학의 생명철학을 소개하였고 다석 유영모의 생명사상 그리고 서구 생태여성주의에 대한 한국적 응답으로서 생물(生物)여성 영성을 정리하였으며, 결론적으로 기독교가 생명사상에 공헌할 수 있는 여지를 피력해 보았다. This paper aims at systematically introducing various theories on life circulating in Korea. The paper focuses on arranging ideas, both indigenous and foreign, to be view in a glance, taking into account the fact that the notion of life is getting into a main discourse in philosophy as well as in religion. It is not possible though to discuss each theory in detail because this paper has to deal with more than ten different theories. Thus this paper divides the theories into four groups and discusses the critical points. The first chapter discusses the metaphysical aspects of the theories on life through discussing Reverence for Life by A. Schweitzer, Phenomenon of Life by H. Jonas, and the Philosophy of Organism by A. North Whitehead. The second chapter critically examines New Scientism through discussing the theory of Morphic Resonance by F. Capra and R. Scheldrake, the On-life theory by Hoi-ik Jang, and the theory of Holarchy (Hierarchy) by K. Wilber. The third chapter treats the discourses on life as a theme in the view of evolutionary biology, through discussing Reductionism by E. Wilson, Consilience theory in Korea by Min-ja Choi and the theory of life by Deleuze and French philosophers. The last chapter explains indigenous theories in Korea, including the life philosophy from Dong-Hak by Ji-ha Kim, the life theory by Yung-mo Yu and the discussion about the biological woman. Finally this paper ends by gauging the possibility that Christianity can contribute to the life theory.