병적 담낭 상피세포내 점액질의 조직화학적 관찰

이희래,김순희,조정실,김옥경 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1978 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.1 No.1

The present study was performed to evaluate the histochemical properties of epithelial mucins in diseased gallbladders. 18 gallbladder specimens were selected in which metaplastic goblet cells had been observed. Of the specimens 9 were gallstone and 9 cholecystitis. For microscopic examination, tissues were sectioned at a thickness 5μm, and were stained with following histochemical techniques: Alcian blue at pH 1.0 or 2.5^13) and periodic acid Schiff's reaction (PAS).^12) Observed results were as follows: 1) In ordinary gallbladder the epithelial cells showed a predominance of sulphated mucosubstance. 2) In many case of cholelithiasis a typical goblet-typed epithelial cells were found in the top of folds. In large goblet cell area the relative proportion of sulphated acid mucin decreased and correspondingly non-sulphated acid mucin increased. 3) In the case of cholecystitis the intracellular mucin of high columnar epithelium predominated in the deep area of folds. 4) The neutral mucin predominated in the surface epithelium of gallbladder under pathological condition.

Short Communication : Open Access ; Photodegradation of Butachlor and Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl in Rice Paddy Water under Natural Sunlight

( Jung Hun Ok ),( Hirozumi Watanabe ),( Jung Lai Cho ),( Nan Hee An ),( Byung Mo Lee ) 한국환경농학회 2014 한국환경농학회지 Vol.33 No.2

BACKGROUND: Dissipation of herbicides in paddy water varies significantly, being dependent on environmental conditions such as sunlight. The photodegradation under natural sunlight may be one of natural degradation routes of herbicides dissipation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to monitor the degradation of butachlor and pyrazosulfuron- ethyl in paddy water under natural sunlight. METHODS AND RESULTS: The 12 water sample bottles of treatment were covered by quart glass plates, which allow about 90% of UV radiation (280-2000 nm) to pass through, to minimize the UV attenuation. The other 12 water sample bottles of the control were covered by glass lids and wrapped with aluminum foils to prevent the sunlight. The concentration of butachlor and pyrazosulfuron- ethyl in paddy water samples bottles was monitored under ambient conditions with and without natural sunlight. The concentration of butachlor and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl for treatment decreased from 355.3 μg/L to 37.8 μg/L and from 10.5 μg/L to 3.9 μg/L, respectively, during consecutive 21 days after herbicide application under natural sunlight. CONCLUSION: The concentration of butachlor in paddy water decreased quickly under ambient conditions with natural sunlight. The degradation of butachlor in paddy water was enhanced by the natural sunlight. However, the degradation of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl was insignificant under natural sunlight.

The Impact of Industrial Distribution for Sustainable Development in Taiwan

Lai, Mei-jung 한국국제지역사회개발학회 1998 地域社會開發學術誌 Vol.8 No.1

The main purpose of this study is to analyze the importance of the industrial spatial arrangement for communities to achieve sustainable development. The correlation coefficient, filed survey, questionnaire survey, and other statistics methods were used for analysis. The result indicated that air pollution, poor water quality, soil heavy metal contamination, stratum descent, and waste problem are existing major environmental problems in the study area. The data also revealed that the industrial agglomeration had negative impact for environmental quality and industrial location had strong relationship with environmental quality. This study found that many unlicensed factories were located on the residential areas in selected cities. The data of questionnaire survey pointed out that although almost all respondents know the importance of sustainable development, half of the respondents did not willing to pay more for purchasing pollution control facilities or change the production processes.

소형 라이시미터를 활용한 유기자재에 따른 유기농 논물에서의 무기태질소 동태

옥정훈 ( Jung-hun Ok ),신재훈 ( Jae-hoon Shin ),조정래 ( Jung-lai Cho ),안난희 ( Nan-hee An ),남홍식 ( Hong-shik Nam ),정지희 ( Ji-hee Jeong ),정정아 ( Jung-ah Jung ),김석철 ( Seok-chol Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2016 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2016 No.-

Behavior of inorganic nitrogen in organic paddy field water depending on organic nutrient sources was monitored using mini-lysimeters. The mini-lysimeters were placed in National institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS). 36 undisturbed paddy field soil samples of 30 × 80 cm (diameter × height) was collected by special sampler and installed in mini-lysimeters. After stabilization of lysimeters, several input treatments of organic nutrient sources were applied, including compost, expeller cake and green manures of hairy vetch and rye. Each nutrient source as recommended by the standard amount of fertilizer for rice was supplied 2 weeks before rice transplanting. The water level was maintained 10 cm water depth, and water samples were collected periodically. The pH, specific electrical conductance (EC), and inorganic nitrogen concentration in paddy water was monitored during the experimental period. The average pH value in paddy water was ranged from 7.1 to 7.7. The average EC value in paddy water were ranged from 0.25 to 0.97, and showed to appear higher tend rye > compost > hairy vetch > expeller cake > chemical fertilizers > control. The change of inorganic nitrogen concentration in paddy water is shown in figure 1. The inorganic nitrogen concentrations quickly reached their highest within 26 days after organic nutrient application and decreased afterwards. The inorganic nitrogen concentration for expeller cake and green manure treatments were higher as compared to that for compost and chemical fertilizers treatments. The increasing and decreasing of inorganic nitrogen concentration showed different trends according to the processing of organic nutrient sources.

고추재배 시 피복작물에 의한 피복율 변화와 잡초발생 양상

조정래(Jung-Lai Cho),최현석(Hyun-Sug Choi),이연(Youn Lee),이병모(Byung-Mo Lee),안난희(Nan-Hee An),박광래(Kwang-Lai Park),이지현(Ji-Hyun Lee) 韓國雜草學會 2011 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.31 No.4

나비나물속 주요 잡초인 얼치기완두와 새완두를 이용하여 고추 피복재배 기술을 개발하기 위해서 2008년과 2009년에 수행되었다. 두 초종 모두 2006년 6월에 충청남도 당진군에서 채종되어 2년 이상 상온에서 보관하였다. 피복재배 시 주요 월동 잡초는 냉이이고 주요 하절기 잡초는 돌피, 바랭이, 닭의장풀 이었다. 월동 우점잡초 냉이는 고추의 생육과 수량에 영향이 거의 없었다. 얼치기완두와 새완두 피복재배로 고추재배후기까지 피복도가 유지되었고 잡초발생을 현저하게 억제 하였다. 이에 따라 피복재배에 의해 고추 수량은 무처리구와 비교해서 통계적으로 유의성 있게 높았고, 관행재배에 비해서는 비슷하게 나타났다. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of seeding of Vicia tetrasperma and V. hirsuta on the rate of ground cover as well as growth and yield of organic pepper plants in 2008 and 2009. All seeds of both species were gathered from Dangjin, Chungnam in late June of 2006 and stored for two year at room temperature. Capsella bursapastoris, Echinoloa crus-galli, Digitaria ciliaris, and Commelina communiswas were observed as main weeds during the winter and summer, respectively, at the field of V. tetrasperma and V. hirsuta. C. bursapastoris did not affect growth and yield of pepper plants. Seeding of V. tetrasperma and V. hirsuta maintained high percentage of ground cover later in the growing season of pepper plants and reduced significant amounts of weed in 2009. V. tetrasperma and V. hirsuta, therefore, produced more pepper yield compared to that of control but similar yield to the conventional system (polyethylene film).

피복식물용 얼치기완두와 새완두의 생장에 미치는 파종조건과 질소공급량 추정

조정래(Jung Lai Cho),최현석(Hyun Sug Choi),이연(Youn Lee),김창석(Chang Seok Kim),이인용(In Yong Lee) 韓國雜草學會 2011 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.31 No.1

나비나물속 주요 잡초인 얼치기완두와 새완두의 출현과 생장량 그리고 질소공급량에 대해서 파종깊이와 파종시기가 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 구명하기 위해서 2007년과 2008년에 수행되었다. 두 초종 모두 2005년 6월에 충청남도 당진군에서 채종되어 2년 이상 상온에서 보관한 후 사용하였다. 얼치기완두와 새완두에는 6월 하순 이후에 발생하여 유묘 상태로 월동한 후에 기온이 상승하는 4~5월에 크게 신장하여 5월에 개화하고 6월 중순 이후에 고사하였다. 새완두는 얼치기완두에 비해서 대체적으로 높은 출현율과 생육량을 나타내었다. 피복식물로 파종할 때의 적기는 8월 하순 ~ 9월 상순이고 파종심도는 1~5cm 이었다. 얼치기완두와 새완두의 생육성기 지상부의 질소공급량은 각각 43.8과 55.5kg ha-1으로 추정되었다. This study was established to investigate the effects of seeding depth and seeding time on the emergence, growth, and N production of Vicia tetrasperma and V. hirsuta in 2007 and 2008. All seeds of both species were gathered from Dangjin, Chungnam in late June of 2005 and stored for two year at room temperature. Both V. species began to germinate at the end of June, passed the winter with the seedling stage, rapidly increased their height in April and May, were in full bloom in May, and then withered after entering mid-June. V. hirsuta had higher emergence rate and growth compared to those of V. tetrasperma. The optimum seeding time and seeding depth for a cover cropping was from late August to early September and from 1 to 5 cm, respectively. V. tetrasperma and V. hirsuta had a satisfactory growth and provided 43.8 and 55.4 kg ha-1of N, respectively.

피복식물용 자생잡초 얼치기완두와 새완두 종자의 저장방법이 발아에 미치는 영향

조정래(Jung Lai Cho),최현석(Hyun Sug Choi),이연(Youn Lee),김창석(Chang Seok Kim),이인용(In Yong Lee) 韓國雜草學會 2011 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.31 No.1

자생잡초인 얼치기완두와 새완두를 피복식물로 이용하기 위해 이들 종자의 저장기간 및 방법, 온도 및 광조건이 발아율에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위한 시험을 수행하였다. 2004년과 2005년 6월에 충청남도 당진에서 채종하여 일정기간 상온에서 저장한 종자를 15/5℃, 20/10℃, 25/15℃, 30/20℃ (주/야) 조건에서 발아율을 조사하였다. 2004년과 2005년에 얼치기 완두와 새완두 모두 채종후 3개월 동안 상온에서 저장한 후의 발아율은 30% 이하로 낮게 나타났다. 2005년에 채종되어 12개월 상온저장 후 25/15℃로 처리한 얼치기완두는 82%의 높은 발아율을 보였으며, 시간이 경과함에 따라서 발아율이 증가하는 양상을 나타내었다. 반면에 새완두는 채종 6, 9, 12개월 후에 33%에서 53%의 발아율을 보여 저장기간이 발아율에 별다른 영향을 미치지 않았다. 얼치기완두와 새완두 종자는 저온보다는 상온에서 저장하는 것이 효과적이었으며, 광이나 고온처리가 발아에 영향을 미치지는 않았다. This study was conducted to evaluate germination rate of Vicia tetrasperma and V. hirsuta as affected by storage duration, temperature, and light. All seeds of both species were gathered from Dangjin, Chungnam in the late June of 2004 and 2005, stored for a certain period of time, and then exposed for 20 days to the alternating temperatures (15/5℃, 20/10℃, 25/15℃, and 30/20℃) for evaluating the germination rate. Both 2004 and 2005, two species stored at room temperature for 3 months had germination rates less then 30% with applying various alternating temperatures for 20 days although the highest germination rate was obtained with 25/15℃ treatment. V. tetrasperma at 12 month storage after seed gathering in 2005 had 82% of germination rate with 25/15℃ treatment and showed the increased rate as time passed. V. hirsuta at 6, 9, and 12 month storage after seed gathering in 2005 ranged, however, from 33 to 53% of the germination rate at alternating temperature treatments for 20 days and did not seem to be affected by the elapsed time of the storage. Storage at room temperature was more effective for increasing germination rate of both species compared to those of the storage at low temperature. The germination rate of both species was not significantly affected by either exposure of light or short period of high temperature.

균일용액 침전법을 이용한 내부개질촉매 개발에 대한 연구

정유식(Jung, You-Shick),이영우(Rhee, Young-Woo),구기영(Koo, Kee-Young),정운호(Jung, Un-Ho),윤왕래(Youn, Wang-Lai),서용석(Seo, Yong-Seog) 한국신재생에너지학회 2009 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.11

본 연구에서는 내부 개질반응에서 사용되는 고함량의 니켈촉매(Ni/Al2O3계열 촉매)제조를 위해, 요소(urea)를 이용한 균일용액 침전법을 이용하여 니켈이 고분산된 52wt% Ni/Al₂O₃ 촉매를 제조하였다. 제조 촉매는 BET 표면적, 니켈분산도, 니켈표면적 등 물리.화학적 물성 모두 우수하였으며, 환원 패턴은 상용촉매와 비슷하게 나타났다. 실제 반응온도인 650?C에서 소성하여 화학흡착을 비교한 결과,상용촉매는 니켈분산도 및 니켈표면적이 감소한 반면 균일용액 침전법으로 제조한 촉매는 거의 변화가 없었다. 개질 성능 또한 상용촉매보다 우수하였는데, 이것은 균일용액 침전법으로 제조한 촉매는 활성점(니켈)이 지지체에 나노사이즈로 고르게 잘 분산되었기 때문이라고 판단하였다. 또한 합성온도 조절을 통해, 650?C 소성 후에 물성변화를 살펴보았고 합성온도 85?C에서 고분산 니켈 촉매 제조가 가능하였다.

잦은 강우 조건에서 유기질자재에 따른 유기재배 벼의 수량과 질소이용효율

조정래 ( Jung Lai Cho ),이연 ( Youn Lee ),최현석 ( Hyun Sug Choi ),김월수 ( Wol Soo Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2011 한국환경농학회지 Vol.30 No.2

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to investigate growth and yield of organically grown rice under a typhoon during a fall. The treatments included NPK chemical fertilizer, compost, oilcake, oilcake 2X, hairyvetch, and vetch+rye. METHODS AND RESULTS: Nutrient applications were made at rates equivalent to approximately 0.9 kg of actual N per acre. Oilcake and hairyvetch treatments had the lowest C:N ratio, but compost had the highest C:N ratio of 34:1. Rice treated by organic nutrient sources had great growth and development at the beginning of the growing season but had depressed growth and yield at the harvest. Oilcake 2X-treated rice in early growing season, especially, showed better growth and development than rice treated by other nutrient sources but was severely lodged at the harvest season due to the typhoon. Compost treatment with high C:N ratio slowly released inorganic N and produced poor rice growth and yield; however, it recued rice lodging. N uptake was the greatest for the oilcake 2X and vetch+rye treatments but the lowest for the compost, which was the similar pattern to the N use efficiency; the greatest and lowest N use efficiency was observed for the oilcake 2X(55%) and compost (5%), respectively. CONCLUSION(s): Rice lodging should be prevented by reducing the excessive nitrogen supplement, resulting from the lower C:N ratio of the organic materials as well as prevented by the radical midsummer drainage. Vetch+rye treatment with 25:1 of C:N had optimum vegetative growth and reduced rice lodging, which increased N use efficiency and yield.

Induction of Forkhead Class box O3a and apoptosis by a standardized ginsenoside formulation, KG-135, is potentiated by autophagy blockade in A549 human lung cancer cells

Chih-Jung Yao,Jyh-Ming Chow,Shuang-En Chuang,Chia-Lun Chang,Ming-De Yan,Hsin-Lun Lee,I-Chun Lai,Pei-Chun Lin,Gi-Ming Lai 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.3

Background: KG-135, a standardized formulation enriched with Rk1, Rg3, and Rg5 ginsenosides, has been shown to inhibit various types of cancer cells; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we explored its effects in A549 human lung cancer cells to investigate the induction of Forkhead Class box O3a (FOXO3a) and autophagy. Methods: Cell viability was determined by sulforhodamine B staining. Apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed using flow cytometry. The changes of protein levels were determined using Western blot analysis. Autophagy induction was monitored by the formation of acidic vesicular organelles stained with acridine orange. Results: KG-135 effectively arrested the cells in G1 phase with limited apoptosis. Accordingly, a decrease of cyclin-dependent kinase-4, cyclin-dependent kinase-6, cyclin D1, and phospho-retinoblastoma protein, and an increase of p27 and p18 proteins were observed. Intriguingly, KG-135 increased the tumor suppressor FOXO3a and induced the accumulation of autophagy hallmark LC3-II and acidic vesicular organelles without an increase of the upstream marker Beclin-1. Unconventionally, the autophagy adaptor protein p62 (sequestosome 1) was increased rather than decreased. Blockade of autophagy by hydroxychloroquine dramatically potentiated KG-135-induced FOXO3a and its downstream (FasL) ligand accompanied by the cleavage of caspase-8. Meanwhile, the decrease of Bcl-2 and survivin, as well as the cleavage of caspase-9, were also drastically enhanced, resulting in massive apoptosis. Conclusion: Besides arresting the cells in G1 phase, KG-135 increased FOXO3a and induced an unconventional autophagy in A549 cells. Both the KG-135-activated extrinsic FOXO3a/FasL/caspase-8 and intrinsic caspase-9 apoptotic pathways were potentiated by blockade of autophagy. Combination of KG- 135 and autophagy inhibitor may be a novel strategy as an integrative treatment for cancers.