Azathioprine에 반응을 보인 류마티양 관절염에 의한 경막염(Pachymeningitis)1예

배광봉,이정호,이정찬,곽상혁,강정현,김철희,김현수,김종숙,조덕연,김삼용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1999 충남의대잡지 Vol.26 No.1

Rheumatoid arthritis frequently involves the cervical spine and may lead to neurologic impairement. However, direct involvement of CNS structures by inflammatory cells has been reported infrequently. The prevalence of this complication of rheumatoid arthritis is unknown. Inflammatory CNS involvement in rheumatoid arthritis reportedly occurs in the setting of longstanding, active, erosive articular disease and is accompanied by extracranial and extraspinal nodules and vasculitis. This is diagnosed by radiologic finding of CNS nodules or meningeal thickening and by biopsy or autopsy. Treatment with corticosteroid, cytotoxic agent or surgical decompression is helpful. But the majority of patients die within several months of onset of neurologic symptom. Recently, we experienced a case of pachymeningitis caused by rheumatoid arthritis, which resolved repeatedly with azathioprine treatment.

췌장염에 의한 가성낭종내에 생긴 가성동맥류 : 1례 보고

오연희,이채경,김승현,이성우,양창현,이정호,이영현 동국대학교 경주대학 1996 東國論集 Vol.15 No.-

만성 췌장염의 합병증으로 생긴 가성동맥류는 드문질환으로, 반복적으로 다량의 출혈을 일으킬 수 있으며, 치료를 하지 않을 경우 사망율이 높기 때문에, 조기 진단과 치료가 필수적이다. 저자들은 38세 남자 환자에서 췌장염의 합병증으로 생긴 가성낭종내에서 발생한 가성동맥류 1예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. 가성 동맥류의 색혈류도플러상 낭종내에 양방향 흐름의 와류를 볼 수 있었다. Pancreatic Pseudoaneurysm within Pseudocyst from Pancreatitis: 1 Case Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Internal Medicine, College of Medicine,DongGuk University Yeon Hee OH M.D., Chae Kyeong Lee M.D., Seoung Hyeon Kim M.D., Sung Woo Lee M.D., Chang Heon Yang M.D., Jung Ho Lee M.D., Young Hyun Lee M.D. Pseudoaneurysm from pancreatitis is uncommon, but it can cause recurrent and massive hemorrhage. Because of high morbidity and mortality, early detection and treatment of the pseudoaneurysm is needed. We report a case of pseudoaneurysm within pseudocyst from pancreatitis. Color-flow Doppler sonography shows bidirectional flow and turbulent arterial flow, within anechoic mass.

산업단지 및 일반생활 지역의 공기 중 톨루엔에 대한 개인노출 및 생체시료의 상관성 분석

이병준(Byoungjun Lee),허 정(Jung Heo),정다영(Dayoung Jung),김순신(Sunshin Kim),류현수(Hyeon-Su Ryu),최민지(Min-Ji Choi),솨이지엔페이(Jian-Fei Shuai),임성국(Sung-Guk Im),양원호(Wonho Yang) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation relationship between personal exposure and urinary hippuric acid in biological monitoring for airborne toluene in an industrial complex and in general environments. Methods: Personal exposure to toluene and its metabolite, hippuric acid, in urine were simultaneously measured in occupational environments area near an industrial complex and in general environments. The study subjects were divided into three types: 137 workers who use organic solvents in the workplace, 210 residents living near a dyeing industrial complex, and 379 residents living in general environments. The toluene exposures of workers and residents were measured by a passive sampler for four days. The urine of participants was sampled when the passive samplers of personal exposure were collected. Results: The toluene and hippuric acid concentrations of workers were the highest, followed by the concentrations of residents living near a dyeing industrial complex and residents living in general environments. The coefficient of correlation between the concentrations of toluene and hippuric acid among workers was 0.749 (p<0.01) in the workplace. On the contrary, correlations between the concentrations of toluene and hippuric acid among residents living near a dyeing industrial complex and residents living in general environments were all not significant. The relationship between the concentrations of hippuric acid and toluene in three types could be described by the exponential growth model. Conclusions: This study analyzed the relationships between toluene exposure and the concentrations of hippuric acid in urine in high, middle, and low exposure environments, and could be described by the exponential growth model.

정조(正祖) 초장지(初葬地) 출토 옥의 과학적 분석 및 보존처리

이태종,오정현,김사덕,이정민,Lee, Tae-jong,Oh, Jung-hyeon,Kim, Sa-dug,Lee, Jung-min 국립문화재연구원 2013 헤리티지:역사와 과학 Vol.46 No.4

This research aims to understand the precise character of relics based on literature search and material analysis of the jade excavated from the first buried place of King Jung-jo, and to assess the level of damage through non-destructive diagnosis. Furthermore, scientific conservation treatment was used to restore the original shape of the excavated jade. According to literature search, the excavated jade is known to be jasper, but material analysis showed that it was as a serpentine with the mineral composition of antigorite. Infrared thermography analysis to assess deterioration showed that the internal damage is the result of the interstices developed along the boundary surface of the obtained jade. For conservation treatment of the damaged area on the surface, the jade was filled with a mixture of plaster and glue, and covered with a mixture of acrylic paint and gloss medium for protection, and color was adjusted. 본 연구는 정조 초장지에서 출토된 옥에 대한 문헌조사와 재질분석을 통해 유물의 재질 특성을 밝히고 비파괴진단을 통해 출토 옥의 손상도를 평가하였다. 또한 과학적 보존처리를 실시하여 출토 옥의 원형을 복원하였다. 문헌조사 결과 출토 옥은 벽옥으로 알려졌으나 재질분석 결과, 출토 옥은 안티고라이트(Antigorite) 광물조성의 사문암으로 판단된다. 열화상분석 등 손상도 평가 결과 내부손상 부분은 포획물의 경계면을 따라 발달한 간극에 의한 것으로 나타난다. 표면손상 부분의 보존처리는 석고와 아교를 혼합하여 충전하였으며 보존처리용 아크릴물감과 그로스미디엄을 혼합한 후 색맞춤하였다.

영상신호의 상관관계를 이용한 CORDIC 기반의 DCT 설계

정현욱,김진상,조원경 경희-다반 ASIC 설계교육센터 2002 경희-다반 ASIC센터 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

We propose a novel low-power discrete cosine transform (DCT) architecture based on CORDIC processors. The CORDIC-based DCT algorithm is a good candidate for high performance applications because of its simple arithmetic operation. The proposed algorithm reduces conventional CORDIC-based DCT computation by exploiting the spatial correlation of image data. The proposed architecture can be used for the low-power applications like multimedia portable electronic devices.

올레산의 비율에 따른 아데노신의 경피 투과의 영향

남현빈,정세진,구민석,오예진,김용민,이훈희,윤수정,임정균 순천향대학교 부설 산업기술연구소 2021 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.27 No.2

In addition to the development of functional cosmetics, technology to increase percutaneous absorption rate when applied to the skin is an important task. In this experiment, oleic acid was used as a skin absorption promoter, and its effect on transdermal permeability of adenosine was studied and analyzed using a skin-like membrane. As a result of the experiment, it was investigated that the permeability coefficient and concentration of adenosine are proportional to the content of oleic acid. This indicates that a high proportion of oleic acid is effective as a skin absorption promoter.

한국형 노인우울검사(Korean Form of Geriatric Depression Scale : KGDS) 표준화에 대한 예비연구

정인과,곽동일,조숙행,이현수 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.2

본 연구는 한국형 노인우울검사(KGDS) 표준화에 대한 예비연구로 GDS를 포함한 기존의 성인용 우울검사(BDI, MMPI-D, SDS, CES-D)에서 일련의 통계적 과정을 거쳐 한국 노인의 우울양상을 잘 반영하는 것으로 판단되는 문항 40개를 추출한 뒤 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하였다. 연구대상은 60세 이상의 노인 175명으로. 이들 중 우울장애 진단을 받은 81명(남자 15명, 여자 66명)이 우울 환자군에. 우울장애진단이 배제된 94명(남자 33명. 여자 61명)이 대조군에 할당되었다. KGDS의 신뢰도를 검증한 결과, Cronbach의 α계수는 .88, 반분신뢰도는 .79로서 만족스러운 수준이었고 두 집단의 평균의 차이를 검증해본 결과 α=.001수준에서 유의하였다(환자군 평균 23.40±8.13,대조군 평균 12.50±8.82. t=9.76) KGDS의 구성타당도와 내적 구조를 파악하기 위해 실시한 요인분석에서는 비관적 사고 및 불행감(Negative thinking and Unhappiness feeling), 정서적 불편감(Emotional discomfort). 인지기능 저하(Cognitive dysfunction), 기력쇠퇴(Decreased vitality), 신체적 약화 및 건강염려증가(Physical weakening and inclosed somatic concern) 사회적 철수 및 흥미상실(Social withdrawal and loss of interest) 등 총 6개의 구성요인이 밝혀졌고 총 설명변량은 51.2%였다. 마지막으로 KGDS의 판별력과 최적 절단점수를 확인하기 위해 판별분석 및 민감도. 특이도의 지표를 구하여본 결과 전체판별률은 76.7%이었고 최적 절단점수는 16점이 제안되었으며 고전적인 백분위점수분포를 추가적으로 고려하여 16∼22점 사이는 경계선수준 및 정도의 우울증, 23∼25점 사이는 중도의 우울증, 26점 이상은 심도의 우울증으로 분류할 수 있을 것으로 기대되었다. 결론적으로. 노인 우울증에 대한 기존 검사들의 낮은 진단변별력을 개선시키고자 새로이 만든 한국형 노인우울검사(KGDS)는 GDS를 포함한 기존 검사들에 비해 진단변별력이 10%이상 향상되었을 뿐 아니라 신뢰도, 타당도도 만족스러운 수준을 보여 노인우울 진단용 검사로 유용하게 쓰일 수 있을 것으로 여겨진다. 마지막으로 피험자 선정과 관련된 문제점을 짚어보았고 추후 연구에서 문항의 수와 내용을 좀더 압축할 필요성에 대해 논의해 보았다. The purpose of this study was to construct Korean Geriatric Depression Scale(KGDS) items and test the reliability and validity of KGDS. Total 151 items from GDS, BDI, SDS, MMPI-D, and K-CES-D were administered to 81 depressed elderly and 75 elderly control groups. Sixty-four preliminary items which have discrimination power between depression and control groups were selected. Then by correlational analysis considering adjusted item-total correlation, 40 items were finally chosen to construct KGDS. The values of Cronbach's αand split-half reliability were 0.88 and 0.79, respectively. The differences of means was signified at α= .001 level(patients group mean = 23.40±8.13, control group mean= 12.50 ± 8.82,t=9.76). The result of factor analysis showed that KGDS had six factors. They were labeled negative thinking and unhappiness feeling(factor 1), emotional discomfort(factor 2), cognitive dysfunction(factor 3), decreased vitality(factor 4), physical weakening and inclosed somatic concern(factor 5), social withdrawal and loss of interest(factor 6), which represent depressive features of the elderly in thought, emotional, cognitive, physical, and social aspects. The total percentage of variance of the 6 factors was 51.2%. The result of discrimination analysis showed that hit ratio of KGDS was 76.7%, and the score of 16 was suggested as the optimal cut-off score. Additionally, by using percentile score distribution of control(normal) group, it is suggested that the score of 16-22 represents borderline or mild depression, the score of 23-25 are moderate depression, and greater than the score of 26 severe depression. Conclusively, KGDS not only improves diagnostic discrimination power 10% more than other depression scales including GDS, but also show sufficient reliability and validity, thus can be used far evaluation of elderly depression. Finally, some issues relevant to sample selection and the necessity of concising content and items of KGDS are discussed.

자폐스펙트럼 장애아동의 의사소통 기술 향상에 관한 단일대상연구의 문헌 분석

정유진,윤현숙 이화여자대학교 특수교육연구소 2014 특수교육 Vol.13 No.1

이 연구는 2007년부터 2013년까지 이루어진 자폐스펙트럼 장애아동의 의사소통 기술 향상을 위한 연구들을 조사하여, 일반적인 특징과 동향을 알아보고, 단일대상연구 증거기반 실제(evidence-based practices: EBP)의 기준이 되는 Horner 등(2005)이 제안한 질적 지표를 기초로 중재방법에 대한 문헌 분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 자폐스펙트럼 장애아동의 의사소통 기술 향상을 위한 단일대상연구들의 일반적인 특징을 분석한 결과, 연구대상 측면에서는 3명 이상으로 실시된 연구들이 절반 이상이었고, 연령은 주로 초등연령에서 이루어져 왔으며, 장애정도는 경증-중간 자폐에서부터 중도 자폐에 이르기까지 고르게 이루어져 왔다. 연구환경은 여러 기타 외부 환경에서 이루어진 연구들이 절반을 차지하였고, 실험설계는 주로 중다 기초선 설계와 중다 간헐 기초선 설계를 많이 사용했다. 독립변인으로는 다양한 중재방법들이 사용되었으며, 이 중 4편 이상의 논문에서 실시된 중재로는 상황이야기 중재, 보완대체 의사소통 중재가 있었다. 다음으로 종속변인으로는 의사소통 기능 증진의 효과를 본 연구들이 절반 이상을 차지하였다. 둘째, 자폐스펙트럼 장애아동의 의사소통 기술 향상을 위한 단일 대상연구들의 증거기반 실제의 기준이 되는 질적 지표 충족 정도를 살펴본 결과, 질적 지표의 영역별 평균 충족률은 종속변인 96%, 기초선 94%, 대상자 및 환경 91%, 실험통제 및 내적 타당도 91%, 독립변인 78%, 사회적 타당도 64%, 외적 타당도 62% 순으로 나타났다. 또한 각 논문별로 질적 지표의 충족여부를 살펴본 결과 21가지 질적 지표 중 90%에 해당되는 19가지의 질적 지표를 모두 충족시키는 경우는 6편(23%)인 것으로 나타났다. In this study, we investigated literatures done through 2007 to 2013 about the improvement of communication skill in children with autism spectrum disorder. We examined general feature and trends, and performed qualitative analysis based on quality indicator which can be a standard for evidence-based practice(EBP) in single subject research suggested by Horner et al.(2005). In the view of general feature and trends, we first found that more than half studies were performed with three or more children in terms of subject of study, and mainly carried out in the age before 13. Severity of disability was identified evenly from mild and moderate to severe autism. From the side of research environment, more than half studies were performed in many different environments, mostly using multiple baseline design and multiple probe design. Various interventions were conducted as independent variable. Social stories intervention and augmentative and alternative communication intervention(AAC) were employed in more than 4 literatures. In dependent variable, it was confirmed that more that half of studies showed the significant improvement in communication skill. In the analysis of satisfaction level in quality indicator, the average level of areal satisfaction in quality indicator was respectively 96% in dependent variable, 94% in baseline, 91% in subjects and environments, 91% in experimental control/internal validity, 78% in independent variable, 64% in social validity, and 62% in external validity. Besides, among all literatures examined by satisfaction level in quality indicator, 6 literatures (23%) fulfilled the requirements of 19 out of 21 quality indicators.

강구조물 인장부재의 최적신뢰성지수와 저항계수에 관한 연구

정철원,손용우,김현석 圓光大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.31 No.2

확률이론을 이용한 강구조물의 신뢰성에 관한 연구가 최근 급속히 발전함과 동시에 구조물의 저향능력과 작용하중들의 확률적 특성들에 대한 인식이 재고됨에 따라 여러나라에서 확률이론에 근거한 설계규준들이 계발되어지고 있는 실정이다. 기존의 설계규준은 구조해석의 기본이론과 실제적인 경험이 부합된 설계규준으로서 하중과 강도의 불확실성을 합리적으로 고려하지 못하여 왔고 구조의 신뢰성개념은 고려하지 못하고 있다. 따라서 국내 현실에 적합한 설계규준에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 국내 강구조물의 합리적인 설계규준을 제시하기 위해 국내에서 수집, 분석된 강구조부재의 강도 및 작용하중의 확률적 모형을 이용하여 현행설계규준에 내포된 신뢰도를 검정하고 나아가 최적하중계수 및 저항계수를 분석하였다. Based on the recent developments of the reliability-based steel structural analysis and design as well as the extending knowledge on the probabilitic charateristics of loading and resistance, the probability based design criteria have been successfully developed for many standards. The existing design codes, which are generally based on the structural theory and certain engineering experience, do not realistically consider the uncertainties of loads and resistances and the basic reliability concepts. It is recognized to develope the design criteria compatible with domestic requirements. In this study, therefore, the proper probability based design criteria (Optimum load and resistance factor design formats) has been developed based on the safety levels observed from calibration with existing standards, which applies to the ultimate limit states of steel structural members.

측사위 경두개 촬영시 표준사진과 개인별 수정사진의 비교연구

정경용,이기헌,황현식 대한치과교정학회 1993 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Among the radiographs for temporomandibular joint, transcranial radiograph is widely used for screening and diagnosing temporomandibular disorder because it has sharp image and it is easy to take. This study was performed to compare condylar position and image sarpness in standard and individually corrected transcranial radiographs using Accurad-200 headholder. Submentovertex view, Reverse-Towne view, Standard and individually corrected transcranial radiographs of 45 university students who were randomly selected were traced, measured and analyzed. The results were as follows : 1. The means of condylar axes and lateral slopes were 16.8˚ and 22.5˚ respectively. There were no differences between male and female or right and left side. 2. Individually corrected radiographs showed smaller posterior joint space and larger anterior joint space than standard radiographs, but superior joint space did not show a statistical difference between standard and individually corrected radiographs. 3. While a large number(42.2% ) of the standard radiographs showed concentric condylar position, lots of(57.8) condylar positions were retropositioned in the individually corrected radiographs. 4. The image sharpness was inferior in the individually corrected radiographs to that of the standard radiographs.