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전명혁 ( Myung Hyuk Jun ) 수선사학회 2016 史林 Vol.0 No.56
This paper was written for the purpose to examine the making and characteristic of ‘Liberation and Strategy Party in Southern Korea Case’ in 1960s. The case was published as ‘Unified Revolutionary Party case’ by the Korean Central Intelligence Agency, Aug., 1968. So far in the memories of people, there are engraved as like ‘Unified Revolutionary Party case’. But people who involved in this case is basically who were the activists of the labor movement in Daegu, Busan and elsewhere from the end of the 1950s to the early 1960s. At the period of 4.19 they organized ‘a Labor Union League in Daegu’ which is democratic and voluntary labor union. But their activity was stopped with 5.16 Coup. However, their activity began with again Kwon Jai Hyuk’s presentation in seminar of the Democratic Socialist Dongihoe in September 1963, with Lee IL Jai’s activity of organizer. I whether these groups has had its own program is not yet known. However, they had a recognition of "needs its own and voluntary efforts to resolve the south Korea’s contradiction in the working class themselves” under the basic strategy of ‘the struggle for anti imperialism, anti feudalism and anti dictatorship’. Therefore, this group anticipate to build their own ‘vanguard organization’ based on the working class, the labor movement.
The effect of neuropeptides on secretion of Interleukin-8(IL-8)
Kim, Kyung-Jun,Park, Sang-Hyuk,Choi, Kyoung-Kyu,Park, Sang-Jin 大韓齒科保存學會 2006 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.31 No.3
본 연구는 치수조직, 치은, 치주인대로부터 배양된 조직을 SP (Substance P)로 4시간, SP, CGRP (Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)로 8시간 자극 후 RNase Protection Assay를 시행하고, IL-8의 분비량을 측정해 다음 결과를 얻었다. 1. IL-8 mRNA는 모든세포에서 발현됐다. 2. IL-8 mRNA 발현은 SP (10^(-5)M)와 SP (10^(-8)M)로 4시간 자극 시 증가되지 않았다. 3. IL-8 mRNA 발현은 SP (10^(-4)M)와 CGRP (10^(-6)M)로 8시간 자극 시 증가되지 않았다. 4. TNF-α (2 ng/㎖) 자극 시, IL-8 mRNA 발현이 증가됐다. 5. 치은 세포를 CGRP (10^(-6)M)로 8시간 자극 시, IL-8 분비량이 증가했다 (p < 0.05). 6. 치주인대 세포를 SP (10^(-4)M)로 8시간 자극 시 IL-8 분비량이 증가했다 (p < 0.05). We investigated the secretion of Interleukin-8 (IL-8) from ginviva and periodontal ligament stimulated with Substance P (SP) and Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide (CGRP). Gingiva (GF), periodontal ligament (PDLF) and pulp (PF) tissues were collected from extracted instact 3rd molars. Cultured cells were stimulated with different concentrations of SP for 4 hrs, and stimulated with SP, CGRP and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) for 8 hrs. Then RNase Protection Assay was carried out. ELISA was performed using supernatants of stimulated cells for quantitative analysis of IL-8. Results were assessed using supernatants of stimulated cells for quantitative analysis of IL-8. Results were assessed using student t-test with significance of P < 0.05. According to this study, the results were as follows: 1. IL-8 mRNA was detected in all type of cells studied (PF, GF and PDLF). 2. IL-8 mRNA expression was not increased after stimulating 4 hrs with SP (10^(-5)M) and SP (10^(-8)M) compared with Mock stimulation in all type of cells studied. 3. IL-8 mRNA expression was not increased after stimulating 8 hrs with SP (10^(-4)M) and CGRP (10^(-6)M) compared with Mock stimulation in all type of cells studied. 4. TNF-α (2 ng/㎖) increased the expression of IL-8 mRNA in all kind of cells studied. 5. The secretion of IL-8 from GF was increased 8 hrs after the stimulation with CGRP (10^(-6)M) (p < 0.05). 6. The secretion of IL-8 from PDLF was increased 8 hrs after the stimulation with SP (10^(-4)M) (p < 0.05). Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide (CGRP) increased Interleukin-8 (IL-8) which plays an important role in chemotaxis of neutrophil in Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide (CGRP) gingival tissue, whereas Substance P increased the secretion of IL-8 from periodontal ligament.
소아 심장 CT 검사시 Dual Source CT의 High pitch mode를 이용한 선량감소에 관한 연구
이예나(Ya Na Lee),강헌효(Heon Hyo Kang),손성실(Sung Sil Son),박찬혁(Chan Hyuk Park),현진경(Jin Kyung Hyun),신명호(Myung Ho Shin),김준혁(Jun Hyuk Kim),강동원(Dong Won Kang) 대한CT영상기술학회 2012 대한CT영상기술학회지 Vol.14 No.1
I. Purpose This study examines if accurate images can be realized with less dose than sequential mode, one of the existing methods applying DSCT’s high-pitch mode in pediatric cardiography. II. Materials and Methods For 20 patients who came to our hospital from Jan. 1 to Jun. 30, 2011, a test was carried out using MDCT 128 channel dual source; Somatom Definition Flash (Siemens Medical System: Germany). As the test method, the veins of the lower limbs of the patients were secured and contrast medium of 7ml was injected at 0.3ml/s anda CT scan was carried out about 36 s. later. Af first, sequential mode was used, and then high-pitch mode was followed as follow-up examination. The DLP (Dose Length Product) provided by the equipment and effective dose were compared for the assessment of the dose exposed to the patients, after the CT scan. The effective does was calculated by multiplying children’s chest index: 0.021 of the effective dose rate of EUR16262 (European Guide) to DLP value. The images scaned in high-pitch method were compared and assessed quantitatively by a heart decoding specialist and 2 radiologists if the typical diseases of pediatric cardiacs such as coarctation of aorta, atresia of the pulmonary artery and Tetralogy of Fallot can be assessed. III. Results When it was compared to sequential mode, one of the existing cardiography, the effective dose exposed to the patient had decrease by 32% in high-pitch mode. As a result of a comparison with imaging assessment, it was also evaluated as a better imaging than sequential mode IV. Conclusion Pediatric Cardiography using high pitch in Dual source MDCT showed superior effects on the reduction of exposed does than sequential mode, which is considered a useful testing method. 목적 본 연구에서는 소아 심장 검사 시 DSCT의 High-pitch mode를 적용하여 기존의 검사방법 중 하나인 Sequential mode보다 적은 선량으로도 정확한 영상을 구현할 수 있는지 알아본다. 대상 및 방법 2011년 1월 1일부터 6월 30일까지 본원에 내원한 20명의 환자를 대상으로 하여 MDCT 128 channel dual source; Somatom Definition Flash(Siemens medical system: Germany) 장비를 사용하여 검사를 시행하였다. 검사방법은 환자의 하지에 정맥을 확보하고 조영제를 0.3 ml/s로 7ml를 주입한 후 36초 후에 CT검사를 하였다. 처음에는 Sequential mode로 검사한 후 추적 검사할 땐 High-pitch mode로 검사한다. 환자가 받은 피폭선량의 평가는 선량평가는 CT검사 후 장비에서 제공하는 DLP(dose length product)와 유효선량(effective dose)를 비교하였다. 유효선량은 DLP 값에 EUR16262(European Guide) 유효선량비 중 소아 흉부 지수 0,021을 곱하여 계산하였다. 검사한 영상을 심장 판독 전문의 1명과 방사선사 2명이 high-pitch mode로 검사한 영상을 소와 심장의 대표적 질환인 대동맥협착증, 폐동맥 폐쇄증, 팔로씨 사증을 평가할 수 있는지 비교하여 정성적으로 평가하였다. 결과 기존의 심장 검사방법 중 하나인 Sequential mode와 비교했을 때 High pitch mode로 검사했을 때에 32%의 선량 감소 효과가 있었다. 또한 영상 평가 비교 결과 Sequential mode 보다 좋은 영상으로 평가되었다. 결론 Dual source MDCT로 소아심장 검사를 할 때 high pitch mode를 이용하면 sequential mode로 검사했을 때보다 환아가 받는 피폭선량은 낮고 더 우수한 영상을 획득하여 심장질환을 진단하는데 유용한 검사법으로 사료된다.
중재판정부 구성에 관한 비교 연구 : 외국의 중재규칙을 중심으로 Focus on the Foreign Arbitration Rules
최혁준 韓國仲裁學會 2006 중재연구 Vol.16 No.1
This study has the purpose to investigate other countries'arbitrator systems to compare with the current KCAB's system and to find their merits and demerits so that we can make up for the demerits of KCAB's arbitrator system and to make the most use of its merits. The most important factor of arbitral procedure is the arbitrator. If we compare clauses related with the arbitrator to KCAB's arbitration rules, expand the merits of it and apply the merits of other arbitrating organs, KCAB's arbitration can avoid criticism which it has got so far while it was handling the international cases. Also, we may need to grow up the role of the executive office in the range of respecting the self-government of the concerned party for the rapid proceeding of arbitral procedure. According to the foreign countries' international arbitration rules, they go with the process that they firstly give the concurrence period to the concerned parties,especially related with the arbitral procedure such as selection of arbitrator or filling the vacancy of the arbitrator, and as for the concerned party who dosen't fulfill within that period, the arbitrating organ or the other one corresponding to the pertinent arbitrating organ in case of the ad-hoc arbitration rules fulfill instead.
양혁준,박철완,이근 대한응급의학회 1993 대한응급의학회지 Vol.4 No.2
This study reviewed 103 deaths resulting from trauma in a 30 months in a 30 months period at the Emergency Department of Chung Ang Gil Hospital to evaluate problems in prehospital and hospital resuscitative care. The results were summarized as follows : 1. Among 103 patients who died of trauma, 71 patients were male(68.9%) and 32 patients were female(31.1%). The mortality rate was 0.095% of all 107,741 patients who admitted to the Emergency Department.(Death On Arrival was 0.53%(573 cases) and Death After Arrival was 0.24%(256 cases)during the same period.) 2. The patients who arrived at the Emergency Department from 30 to 60 minutes after onset of urgent situation was 43.7%, but within 1 minutes only 10.7%. The cases transferred by ambulances was only 19.4%, most of rest were moved by public or private vehicles. 3. The cause of trauma was Traffic Accident in 75%, among them 42.7% were pedestrian injury. 4. The time interval between arrival at Emergency Department and onset of cardiac arrest was commonly within 10 minutes in 40.8% of patients. In 43.7% of patients, death was pronounced within 30 minutes after onset of cardiac arrest. 5. The trauma resuscitation were performed as primary surveys and then secondary procedures. The primary surveys were completed in about 3 minutes after the patients arrival : access of airway (89.3%), oxygen administration(86.4%), IV access(92.2%), and EKG monitoring(81.6%). The secondary procedures were initiated within 10 minutes : endotracheal intubation(81.6%), CVP monitoring(46.6%), paracentesis & DPL(44.7%) and thoracentesis & chest tube insertion(21.4%). 6. The main causes of death were brain injury(36.4%) and irreversible shock(32.0%). On physical examination, the most frequent injuried site was head and neck as 35.4%. 7. The mean ISS of all deaths was 45.24 ±13.59, the mean GCS was 6.44 ±3.36 and the mean RTS was 3.20 ±2.38. By the TRISS method, the mean Ps of deaths was 0.2441. Unexpected death, who were died inspite of Ps?0.5, were 23 cases.
부모 교육 프로그램의 형태와 운영에 관한 연구 : 유아기 자녀를 둔 취업모를 중심으로
문혁준 가톨릭대학교 생활과학연구소 2000 생활과학연구논집 Vol.20 No.1
The purpose of this study was to investigate the specific needs of working mothers on the parent education in child care programs. The subjects for this study consisted of 100 mothers of two to six-year old children attending employer sponsored child care centers and a self-report questionnaire was used to collect data. The results of this study were as follows: First, working mothers pointed out coworkers as their most important source of child-rearing practices and perceived that it is necessary to include fathers in parent education programs. Second, they pointed out the subject as their most considerable factor to attend parent education programs and guiding children's social-emotional development as their most preferred subject of parent education. Third, they pointed out Saturday afternoon as their most preferred date and time of parent education and teacher-parent conference as their most preferred type of parent education. Further implications are discussed.
초등 사회과 경제 영역 교과서 내용 구성에 대한 학습자들의 평가
이준혁 이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 2012 교과교육학연구 Vol.16 No.3
경제 관련 내용 요소들을 다루고 있는 초등 사회과 교과서는 그동안 ‘수요자 중심 교과서’라는 슬로건(Slogan) 하에 개발되어 왔다. 하지만 정작 교과서의 진정한 수요자라 할 수 있는 아동들이 교과서를 어떻게 평가하고 있는지, 그리고 무엇을 문제로 여기고 있는지를 검토해 보고자 하는 시도는 거의 이루어오지 못했다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 문제의식 하에, 본 연구에서는 초등 사회과 교과서 경제단원을 중심으로 아동들이 교과서에 대해 갖는 의견과 이들이 인식하는 문제점에 귀를 기울이고, 이에 기초하여 향후 경제단원의 개발 방향을 논의해 보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 초등학교 6학년 아동 118명을 대상으로, 이전 7차와 현행 사회과 교과서 경제단원에 대한 선호도와 선호 이유, 그리고 이들이 생각하는 현행 사회과 교과서 경제단원의 문제점을 면접을 통해 알아보고자 하였다. 조사 결과, 현행 사회과 교과서 경제단원은 그 매력적 특징에도 불구하고 내용이나 활동 문제들이 아동들의 눈높이에 맞게 표상되어 있지 못해 아동들로부터 높은 평가를 받지 못한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 조사 결과에 비추어 볼 때, 학습자들의 눈높이에 맞는 사회과 교과서 경제단원의 편찬을 위해 다음과 같은 방향에서 해당 단원을 개발해야 할 것이다. ; i) 사례 중심과 설명 중심 내용 제시 방식의 조화, ii) 해설 지향적 내용 구성, iii) ‘안내된’ 경제 탐구 중심의 활동 문제 구성. 특히 후속 연구에서는 이 세 가지의 단원 개발 방향을 어떻게 구현할 것인가에 대한 구체적인 논의가 이루어질 필요가 있다고 하겠다. This study explored how economics-related units in elementary social studies textbooks were evaluated by school learners. For this purpose, 118 children from the sixth grade in B elementary school, Seoul, were interviewed with respect to the economics-related units in the current 2007 revised elementary social studies textbook and 7th elementary social studies textbook from which they learned some years ago. The following were indicated through these interviews. Most of the interviewees preferred the economics-related units of the past textbook to that of the current textbook, and they indicated that the content and questions in the economics-related units of the current textbook were so difficult that they had difficulty in understanding and solving them. Futhermore, they responded that the content in the conomics-related units of the current textbook was boring. These responses indicate that the economics-related units in the 2009 revised elementary social studies textbook need to be developed in the following directions: i) presentation of explanation-type content based on interesting stories and examples from the economic world, ii) presentation of explanations of economic concepts and terminology, iii) and presentation of fundamental activity-typed questions. These seem to be necessary for their understanding economic world. In the future, researchers need to discuss ways to put these directions into the economics-related units of the 2009 revised elementary social studies textbook.
문준동,김수진,문철규,최성혁,전정민,이성우,홍윤식 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.3
Background: This study's objective was to determine the prognostic value of the base deficit measured in the emergency department(ED) and to determine whether base deficit can provide information not provided by advanced injury scoring system. Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of data collected for two years. Thirty-two severe trauma patients who were admitted to the Emergency Department of Korea University Hospital were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups: the normal base deficit group(-3 mmol/L to 3 mmol/L) and the elevated base deficit group(>3 mmol/L). The base-deficit value, age, sex, head injury, organ failure rate, and survival were considered, and the also Revised Trauma Score(RTS), Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE II), and Injury Severity Score(ISS) were measured. Result: The elevated base-deficit group showed a lower survival rate and a higher organ failure rate compared to the normal base deficit group. Logistic Regression showed a strong association between base deficit and mortality rate. Among the previous injury scoring Systems(RTS, APACHE II, ISS), base deficit had the strongest correlation with RTS. By using base deficit value and the RTS together, we obtained a higher positive predictive value than that obtained by using base deficit or RTS alone. Conclusion: The admission value of the base deficit in the ED is a useful tool in predicting the outcome in severe trauma patients, and it can be an adjunct to previous injury scoring systems. As an advanced injury scoring System is developed in the future, the base deficit may have some significant role.
이준혁,김성수 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1995 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.23 No.1
Using CO-H₂O and CO-CO₂-H₂O gas mixtures which are a portion of exhaust gas from Bath Smelter, the effect of H₂O partial pressure on the prereduction kinetics of Iron oxide was investigated. H₂O partial pressure in the gas mixture was allowed to change from 0%, 5%, 10% to 15%. Reduction experiments were made at the temperatures of 800, 900, 1000℃ respectively for acid and basic pellets. When the acid pellet was reduced by CO-CO₂-H₂O mixing gas, the incubation period appeared at approximate 27% reduction degree at which Iron oxide was thought to remain as wustite. As the reduction temperature decreased, the incubation period was longer, and because the poisoning effect of H₂O took place at the reduction step of FeO to Fe, it could be said that the total reduction proceeded by the next two steps; Fe₂O₃ to FeO, and FeO to Fe. For the reduction of basic pellet, the poisoning effect of H₂O was remarkable at the reduction stage of Fe₂O₃ to FeO, and reaction rate became faster around 35% reduction degree than that of initial stage. From the experimental result, it was found that the poisoning effect of H₂O for the basic pellet appeared at the reduction step of Fe₂O₃ to FeO, but this effect appeared at the reduction step of FeO to Fe for the acid pellet. The kinetic data were satisfactorily fitted to homogeneous model from which the apparent rate constant(k) was calculated. With the apparent rate constant and following equation, H₂O poisoning effect could be quantified as a term of ???. ???.