Network Traffic Measurement Analysis using Machine Learning

Hae-Duck Joshua Jeong(Hae-Duck Joshua Jeong) 한국인공지능학회 2023 인공지능연구 (KJAI) Vol.11 No.2

In recent times, an exponential increase in Internet traffic has been observed as a result of advancing development of the Internet of Things, mobile networks with sensors, and communication functions within various devices. Further, the COVID-19 pandemic has inevitably led to an explosion of social network traffic. Within this context, considerable attention has been drawn to research on network traffic analysis based on machine learning. In this paper, we design and develop a new machine learning framework for network traffic analysis whereby normal and abnormal traffic is distinguished from one another. To achieve this, we combine together well-known machine learning algorithms and network traffic analysis techniques. Using one of the most widely used datasets KDD CUP'99 in the Weka and Apache Spark environments, we compare and investigate results obtained from time series type analysis of various aspects including malicious codes, feature extraction, data formalization, network traffic measurement tool implementation. Experimental analysis showed that while both the logistic regression and the support vector machine algorithm were excellent for performance evaluation, among these, the logistic regression algorithm performs better. The quantitative analysis results of our proposed machine learning framework show that this approach is reliable and practical, and the performance of the proposed system and another paper is compared and analyzed. In addition, we determined that the framework developed in the Apache Spark environment exhibits a much faster processing speed in the Spark environment than in Weka as there are more datasets used to create and classify machine learning models.

A review of chronic pectoralis major tears: what options are available?

Joshua R. Giordano,Brandon Klein,Benjamin Hershfeld,Joshua Gruber,Robert Trasolini,Randy M. Cohn 대한견주관절의학회 2023 대한견주관절의학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Rupture of the pectoralis major muscle typically occurs in the young, active male. Acute management of these injuries is recommended; however, what if the patient presents with a chronic tear of the pectoralis major? Physical exams and magnetic resonance imaging can help identify the injury and guide the physician with a plan for management. Nonoperative management is feasible, but is recommended for elderly, low-demand patients whose functional goals are minimal. Repair of chronic tears should be reserved for younger, healthier patients with high functional demands. Although operative management provides better functional outcomes, operative treatment of chronic pectoralis tears can be challenging. Tendon retraction, poor tendinous substance and quality of tissue, muscle atrophy, scar formation, and altered anatomy make direct repairs complicated, often necessitating auto- or allograft use. We review the various graft options and fixation methods that can be used when treating patients with chronic pectoralis major tears.

Optimization of an Intelligent Wheelchair: LiDAR and Camera Vision for Obstacle Avoidance

Joshua Green,Joshua Clounie,Rafael Galarza,Shawn Anderson,Jash Campell-Smith,Razvan Cristian Voicu 제어로봇시스템학회 2022 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.11

According to the Wheelchair Foundation, over 131 million individuals depend on a wheelchair. Wheelchairs drastically improve the quality of life by providing partially disabled persons with mobility. Moreover, wheelchairs have become a central component of many hospitals, necessary to transport patients. However, manual wheelchairs limit users’ or helpers’ freedom by requiring direct actuation, either by turning the wheels or pushing the wheelchair. Electric wheelchairs allow users to navigate a wheelchair through a single control mechanism to improve flexibility. Autonomous wheelchairs are the next step in improving the quality of life and further enhancing user freedom. This paper presents the optimization of an automated wheelchair implementing unique and novel path planning and localization indoors. The results illustrate the implementation of camera vision with LiDAR for obstacle avoidance and advancements in a modular infrastructure.

Naturopathic approaches to irritable bowel syndrome: protocol for a prospective observational study in academic teaching clinics

Joshua Z. Goldenberg,Amie Steel,Andrew Day,Christina Yap,Ryan Bradley,Kieran Cooley 한국한의학연구원 2018 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.7 No.3

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional bowel disorder with a worldwide prevalence estimated between 10% and 20%. It has a significant impact on quality of life and societal expense. While there are pharmaceutical options available, few can be reliably recommended. Many IBS sufferers turn to complementary and alternative medicine including naturopathy. Naturopathic approaches to IBS are poorly studied to date. Methods: We aim to describe naturopathic approaches to IBS as well as establish pilot data on before and after changes in validated IBS instruments. The study will employ a multi-centered, international, prospective, observational, naturalistic design. The uncontrolled before-and-after study will examine the outcomes associated with individualized, whole system naturopathic care as determined by each provider. We will recruit adult patients diagnosed with IBS and presenting to a participating naturopathic academic teaching clinic. Participants’ IBS symptoms will be measured using validated instruments (IBS-SSS and IBS-AR). Quality of life will be measured by using the PROMIS-29 profile. Adverse events will be tracked, as followed for treatment descriptions. Our primary outcomes will be before-and-after differences using week twelve as the primary endpoint. A p values will be set at 0.05, and descriptive and summary data will be presented. Discussion: This study is designed to plug significant evidence gaps and to gather preliminary evidence to guide the design of a follow-up randomized active controlled trial. Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registration Number: ACTRN12617001413314

Development and characterization of Morinda tinctoria incorporated electrospun PHBV fiber mat for wound healing application

Joshua Sharon Nissi,Srinivasakumar Vyaishnavi,Ragu Sivaranjanee,Muthu Parkkavi Sekar,Dhakshinamoorthy Sundaramurthi,Vellingiri Vadivel 한국고분자학회 2023 Macromolecular Research Vol.31 No.4

As synthetic medications have various limitations and side effects in wound treatment, alternatively active wound dressing material could be designed by incorporating natural extracts. Electrospun fibers infused with plant extract can act as an active wound dressing material to speed up the process of wound healing. In this connection, the wound-healing efficacy of an Indian traditional drug Morinda tinctoria was reported earlier, but not yet explored as a natural active ingredient in electrospun fibers. The present work focused on preparing the extracts of M. tinctoria leaf and analyzing their yield, total phenolic concentration (TPC) and GC–MS phytochemical profile. The safety of methanol extract was studied in PBMC cells through MTT and live/dead assays and also TNF-α & IL-6 levels were quantified. Electrospinning of M. tinctoria-infused PHBV fiber mat was developed and characterized through SEM, FT-IR and TG–DTA. Results indicated that the methanol extract has a greater yield (2.47%) and TPC (4260.72 mg/L) when compared to other solvent extracts due to the presence of high polar molecules in M. tinctoria. GC–MS study revealed the phytochemicals such as coumarin and methylanthraquinone in the methanolic extract. MTT assay and live/dead staining revealed that the M. tinctoria extract was safe with 99% cell viability with intact cell wall. M. tinctoria induced the levels of TNF-α (328.75 pg/mL) and IL-6 (1357.14 pg/mL), which could improve the migration and proliferation of fibroblasts during wound healing. Development of M. tinctoria-infused fiber mat was optimized with 12% polymer concentration, 18 kV voltage, 0.01 mL/min flow rate and 14 cm tip to collector distance. SEM analysis of M. tinctoria-infused fiber mat revealed bead-less smooth fibers of 1.19 ± 0.15 μm diameter and 0.024 ± 0.003 μm pore size. FT-IR spectra revealed functional groups such as phenols, amines and alkanes in extractincorporated fibers. A drop in temperature (457 °C) was noticed in M. tinctoria-infused fiber mat when compared to the control (595 °C), which indicates the degradation of organic matters in the fiber mat. M. tinctoria-infused fiber mat could be applied as wound dressing material after conducting suitable animal experiments.

Spatial Trajectory Clustering of Incheon Airport Flights

Joshua Julian Damanik(조슈아),Changkyo Shin(신창교),Han-Lim Choi(최한림) 한국항공우주학회 2022 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.11

Piracy around the Horn of Africa

( Joshua H Ho ) 한국국방연구원 2009 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.21 No.4

Piracy around the Horn of Africa has risen to a level serious enough for the international community to take concerted action to secure an international sea lane. However, the efforts so far have been initiated mainly by the international community while regional efforts are only just beginning. In the short term, more action will have to be taken at the operational level, for example dispatching more ships and integrating the operations of ships already deployed to the area. In the longer term, the root causes of piracy and the grievances of the Somali people have to be addressed. In particular, there is a need to restore law and order in Somalia by supporting moderate leaders in their attempts to create a representative government.

Is Spinal Surgery Safe for Elderly Patients Aged 80 and Above? Predictors of Mortality and Morbidity in an Asian Population

Joshua Yuan-Wang Tan,Arun-Kumar Kaliya-Perumal,Jacob Yoong-Leong Oh 대한척추신경외과학회 2019 Neurospine Vol.16 No.4

Objective: We aimed to determine the 2-year mortality and morbidity rates following spine surgery in elderly patients (age ≥80 years) and to study the associated risk factors. Methods: The records of patients ≥80 years of age who underwent spine surgery during the years 2003–2015 at Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore were retrospectively reviewed. Information was collected on their demographic characteristics, comorbidities, diagnosis, general and neurological status, type of surgery, and outcomes. The mortality and morbidity rates over a 2-year period were analyzed. Bivariate analyses were carried out to identify factors associated with mortality. Results: We selected 47 patients (mean age, 83.3 years; range, 80–91 years) who were followed up for a mean duration of 27.7 months. The mortality rates at 30 days, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years following surgery were 2.1%, 8.5%, 10.6%, and 12.8%, respectively. The factors significantly associated with mortality included multiple comorbidities, nondegenerative aetiology, and vertebral fractures. The overall morbidity rate was 48.9%, and 17% of this cohort had major complications. Conclusion: Surgeons should strategize management protocols with due consideration of the mortality and morbidity rates, and be wary of operating on patients with multiple comorbidities, nondegenerative conditions, and vertebral fractures.

Energy-Efficient, Learning-Inspired Channel Decision and Access Technique for Cognitive Radio-based Wireless Sensor Networks

Joshua Abolarinwa,Nurul Mu’azzah Abdul Latiff,Sharifah Kamilah Syed Yusof,Norsheila Fisal 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.10 No.2

Cognitive radio-based wireless sensor network is the next-generation sensor network paradigm. Important to this emerging sensor network is the need to reduce energy consumption, paving way for ‘green’ communication among sensor nodes. Therefore, in this paper, we have proposed an energy-efficient, learning-inspired, adaptive and dynamic channel decision and access technique for cognitive radio-based wireless sensor networks. Using intelligent learning technique based on the previous experience, the cognitive radio-based wireless sensor network agent decides which available channel to access based on the energy-efficiency achievable by transmitting using the channel. From simulation results, we found that as the channel packet availability increases, the energy-efficiency of the channel increase. This lends credence to the fact that the proposed learning-inspired algorithm is significantly energy-efficient for cognitive radio-based wireless sensor networks.

Effect of Steroid-Soaked Gelatin Sponge on Soft Tissue Swelling Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Radiographic Analysis

Joshua Schroeder,Joseph Weinstein,Stephan Nikolaus Salzmann,Janina Kueper,Jennifer Shue,Andrew Anthony Sama,Federico Pablo Girardi 대한척추외과학회 2018 Asian Spine Journal Vol.12 No.4

Study Design: Retrospective radiological review and analysis of 79 patients who underwent primary anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) of 2 or 3 levels between 2011 and 2013. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of the local placement of a steroid-soaked gelatin sponge after ACDF on prevertebral soft tissue swelling. Overview of Literature: Although ACDF has become a popular choice for cervical fusion, the surgical involvement of the delicate anatomy of the neck frequently results in tissue irritation and edema. Swelling of the prevertebral soft tissue may consequently lead to mild-to-severe complications, ranging from dysphonia to dyspnea. Methods: Out of the 79 patients who underwent primary ACDF, 52 received a gelatin sponge soaked with 40 mg of Depo-Medrol placed adjacent to the operated cervical levels. Prevertebral soft tissue swelling was detected using postoperative lateral X-ray. The radiographic values were compared to those of 27 patients who did not receive the treatment. Results: Soft tissue swelling was markedly decreased in patients who received the placement of the steroid-soaked gelatin sponge next to their fused levels after surgery compared with that in patients who did not receive it. No complications were documented with the use of steroids. Conclusions: The placement of a steroid-soaked gelatin sponge markedly reduces postoperative soft tissue swelling following 2- or 3-level primary ACDF.