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José Domingo Cruz-Labana,María Magdalena Crosby-Galván,Adriana Delgado-Alvarado,José Luis Alcántara-Carbajal,Juan Manuel Cuca-García,Luis Antonio Tarango-Arámbula 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.4
In Mexico the ant Liometopum apiculatum is an important insect nutritionally, economically and ecologically. Their larvae (“escamoles”) contain proteins, lipids, vitamins and minerals, the concentrations of which may be related with the type of vegetation where the ant forages. The objective of this study was to evaluate the content of macro and micro nutrients of L. apiculatum larvae collected in three types of vegetation in north-central Mexico. We determined content of moisture, crude protein, total lipids, crude fiber, ash, and nitrogen-free extract. The amino acids were analyzed by cationic Exchange chromatography with acid hydrolysis and fatty acids by gas chromatography and solvent extraction with sodium methoxide. The effect of vegetation type on nutrient content was determined with an ANOVA and Sheffé comparison of means (P < .05). The concentration of amino acids and fatty acids (FA) was analyzed with a Kruskall-Wallis test (P < .05). Significant differences were found in protein, lipids and ash (P < .0001) and moisture content (P < .0036). We identified 17 amino acids, which concentration differed by type of vegetation. There were no significant differences in fatty acids. It is likely that the differences in the concentrations of macronutrients are due to the diversity and differential density of the food components available in each type of vegetation for L. apiculatum, and that the number of types and quantity of amino acids and fatty acids depend on the chemical properties of the liquid secretions the ants obtain by trophobiosis.
Luis Felipe Sallum,Luis Otavio Sarian,Liliana Lucci De Angelo Andrade,José Vassallo,Fernando Augusto Soares,Glauce Aparecida Pinto,Patrícia Andréia Ferreira,Sophie Derchain 대한부인종양학회 2013 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.24 No.2
Objective: To examine the patterns of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression in borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) and ovarian carcinomas. We also assessed the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in women with ovarian carcinoma, in relation to ER and/or PR expression. Methods: We examined ER/PR expression in 38 BOTs and 172 ovarian carcinomas removed from patients treated at the State University of Campinas-UNICAMP (Brazil), from 1993 to 2008 and followed for up to 60 months using tissue microarray-based immunohistochemistry. Results: Twenty-eight (73.7%) mucinous and 10 (26.3%) serous BOTs were included. Ovarian carcinomas consisted mainly of 79 (46.0%) serous, 44 (25.5%) mucinous, 17 (9.8%) endometrioid, 10 (5.8%) clear-cell types. There was no significant difference of the ER/PR expression between BOT and ovarian carcinoma (p=0.55 for ER alone, 0.90 for PR alone, and 0.12 for combined expression). The level of ER/PR expression in BOTs was significantly higher in serous than in mucinous tumors (p<0.01). In carcinomas, ER/PR was higher in serous tumors than in mucinous (p<0.01) and clear cell tumors (p=0.02), and higher in endometrioid tumors than in mucinous tumors (p<0.01). DFS was affected neither by the clinical characteristics nor by combined steroid receptor status. OS was found to be significantly worse (p<0.01) only in women with stages II-IV tumors and those with residual disease after surgery (p<0.01). Conclusion: Overall, serous and endometrioid tumors were predominantly ER/PR positive, whereas mucinous and clear-cell tumors were preponderantly ER/PR negative. DFS and OS were not affected by ER/PR expression.
José Luis Muñoz-Carrillo,José Luis Muñoz-López,José Jesús Muñoz-Escobedo,Claudia Maldonado-Tapia,Oscar Gutiérrez-Coronado,Juan Francisco Contreras-Cordero,María Alejandra Moreno-García 대한기생충학ㆍ열대의학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.55 No.6
The immune response against Trichinella spiralis at the intestinal level depends on the CD4+ T cells, which can both suppress or promote the inflammatory response through the synthesis of diverse cytokines. During the intestinal phase, the immune response is mixed (Th1/Th2) with the initial predominance of the Th1 response and the subsequent domination of Th2 response, which favor the development of intestinal pathology. In this context, the glucocorticoids (GC) are the pharmacotherapy for the intestinal inflammatory response in trichinellosis. However, its therapeutic use is limited, since studies have shown that treatment with GC suppresses the host immune system, favoring T. spiralis infection. In the search for novel pharmacological strategies that inhibit the Th1 immune response (proinflammatory) and assist the host against T. spiralis infection, recent studies showed that resiniferatoxin (RTX) had anti-inflammatory activity, which decreased the serum levels of IL-12, INF-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α, NO, and PGE2, as well the number of eosinophils in the blood, associated with decreased intestinal pathology and muscle parasite burden. These researches demonstrate that RTX is capable to inhibit the production of Th1 cytokines, contributing to the defense against T. spiralis infection, which places it as a new potential drug modulator of the immune response.
Improved time and frequency synchronization for dual‐polarization OFDM systems
José Luis Hinostroza Ninahuanca,Osmar Tormena Jr.,Luís Geraldo Pedroso Meloni 한국전자통신연구원 2021 ETRI Journal Vol.43 No.6
This article presents techniques for improved estimation of symbol timing offset (STO) and carrier frequency offset (CFO) for dual‐polarization (DP) orthogonal frequency division multiplex (DP‐OFDM) systems. Recently, quaternion multiple‐input multiple‐output OFDM has been proposed for high spectral efficiency communication systems, which can flexibly explore different types of diversities such as space, time, frequency, and polarization. This article focuses on synchronization techniques for DP‐OFDM systems using a cyclic prefix, where the application of quaternion algebra leads to new improved estimators. Simulations performed for DP system methods show faster reduction of STO estimator variance with a double‐slope line in the log‐variance line versus signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) plot compared with single‐polarization (SP) counterparts, and simulations for CFO estimates show a 3‐dB gain of DP over SP estimates for same SNR values defined, respectively, for quaternion‐valued or complex‐valued signals. Cramer–Rao bounds for STO and CFO are derived for the synchronization methods, correlating with the observed gains of DP over SP OFDM systems.
José Aginaldo de Sousa Júnior,Márcia Luciana Carregosa Santana,Fabricio Eneas Diniz de Figueiredo,André Luis Faria-e-Silva 대한치과보존학회 2015 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.40 No.3
Objectives: This study determined the effect of the air-stream application time and the bonding technique on the dentin bond strength of adhesives with different solvents. Furthermore, the content and volatilization rate of the solvents contained in the adhesives were also evaluated. Materials and Methods:Three adhesive systems with different solvents (Stae, SDI, acetone; XP Bond, Dentsply De Trey, butanol; Ambar, FGM, ethanol) were evaluated. The concentrations and evaporation rates of each adhesive were measured using an analytical balance. After acid-etching and rinsing, medium occlusal dentin surfaces of human molars were kept moist (conventional) or were treated with 10% sodium hypochlorite for deproteinization. After applying adhesives over the dentin, slight air-stream was applied for 10, 30 or 60 sec. Composite cylinders were built up and submitted to shear testing. The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). Results: Stae showed the highest solvent content and Ambar the lowest. Acetone presented the highest evaporation rate, followed by butanol. Shear bond strengths were significantly affected only by the factors of ‘adhesive’ and ‘bonding technique’ (p < 0.05), while the factor ‘duration of air-stream’ was not significant. Deproteinization of dentin increased the bond strength (p < 0.05). Stae showed the lowest bond strength values (p < 0.05), while no significant difference was observed between XP Bond and Ambar. Conclusions: Despite the differences in content and evaporation rate of the solvents, the duration of air-stream application did not affect the bond strength to dentin irrespective of the bonding technique.
Bursectomy, Curettage, and Chemotherapy in Tuberculous Trochanteric Bursitis
Luis R. Ramos-Pascua,José A. Carro-Fernández,José A. Santos-Sánchez,Paula Casas Ramos,Luis J. Díez-Romero,Francisco M. Izquierdo-García 대한정형외과학회 2016 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.8 No.1
We presented three patients with trochanteric tuberculosis and described the clinical and imaging findings of the infection. Histology revealed a necrotizing granulomatous bursitis and microbiology confirmed tuberculosis. All cases were successfully treated with bursectomy and curettage of the trochanteric lesion and antituberculous chemotherapy including isoniazid, pyrazinamide, rifampicin, and ethambutol.
Predation behavior of Podisus nigrispinus on Spodoptera eridania
José Romário de Carvalho,Dirceu Pratissoli,Luis Moreira de Araujo Junior,Alixelhe Pacheco Damascena,Anderson Mathias Holtz,Leandro Pin Dalvi,Ulysses Rodrigues Vianna 한국응용곤충학회 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.23 No.4
The behavior and effective predation time can affect the prey death in pest biological control programs. This work studied the Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas, 1851) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) behavior on Spodoptera eridania (Cramer, 1782) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) caterpillars, and its implications in case of prey escape. The preference bioassay (B1) aimed to verify the caterpillars body region (anterior: head and thorax; median and posterior) preferred by the predator and its implication in prey mortality. The predation duration bioassay considered the following effective predation times: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 min; the caterpillars were removed after each predation time, to simulate prey escape, and the dead were counted until the seventh day. This experiment was performed in two ways: with randomly selected and not repeated predators (B2); and with the same predators in successive times (B3). The predator preferred to attack the caterpillars anterior region. The caterpillars mortality increased with increasing effective predation time. The mortality was 90% after 64 min under B2. This value was estimated for 16 min under B3. The P. nigrispinus prefers to attack the caterpillars anterior region and mortality of S. eridania caterpillars was favored in predators that have suffered predation interruption.
Prolonged excretion of a low-pathogenicity H5N2 avian influenza virus strain in the Pekin duck
José Manuel Carranza-Flores,Luis Padilla-Noriega,Elizabeth Loza-Rubio,Gary García-Espinosa 대한수의학회 2013 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.14 No.4
H5N2 strains of low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus (LPAIV) have been circulating for at least 17 years in some Mexican chicken farms. We measured the rate and duration of viral excretion from Pekin ducks that were experimentally inoculated with an H5N2 LPAIV that causes death in embryonated chicken eggs (A/chicken/Mexico/2007). Leghorn chickens were used as susceptible host controls. The degree of viral excretion was evaluated with real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR) using samples from oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs. We observed prolonged excretion from both species of birds lasting for at least 21 days. Prolonged excretion of LPAIV A/chicken/Mexico/2007 is atypical.
Luis A. Trujillo-Cayado,M. Carmen Alfaro,Jenifer Santos,Nuria Calero,José Muñoz 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.66 No.-
This contribution deals with the development of emulsions formulated using thyme essential oil and a new biomass-derived surfactant. In addition, this work extends our knowledge concerning the factors that can influence stability and droplet size distributions of microfluidized emulsions, such as the geometry of the rotor–stator used and the homogenization rate in the primary homogenization. Stable thyme oil-in-water emulsions (30 wt%) containing submicron droplets were formed. Interestingly, laser diffraction results reveal that mean droplet sizes are mainly controlled by homogenization rates and polydispersity by the rotor–stator geometry used in the first step of homogenization. In addition, higher droplet sizes for pre-emulsions seem to be a key factor in order to reduce both the degree of recoalescence and the size of the droplets in the second homogenization step. Furthermore, higher droplet sizes in the pre-emulsion favour higher physical stability of the final emulsions. Finally, this research highlights the importance of controlling primary homogenization conditions for the physical stability of microfluidized emulsions that contain natural ingredients.