소규모 하수처리를 위한 파일럿 규모 이중슬러지 KNR^® (Kwon's nutrient removal) 시스템의 영얌염류 제거성능 평가

안진영,권중천,김윤학,정유훈,김두언,유선호,김병우,An, Jin-Young,Kwon, Joong-Chun,Kim, Yun-Hak,Jeng, Yoo-Hoon,Kim, Doo-Eon,Ryu, Sun-Ho,Kim, Byung-Woo 한국청정기술학회 2006 청정기술 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구에서 소규모 하수고도처리를 위한 이중슬러지(Dual sludge) $KNR^{(R)}$ (Kwon's nutrient removal) 시스템이 개발되었다. $KNR^{(R)}$ 시스템은 부유성장식 탈질미생물과 부착성장식 질산화미생물을 분리시킨 이중슬러지 공정으로 최초침전조, 혐기조, 무산소조, 농축조의 복합기능을 수행하는 UMBR (Upflow multi-layer bioreactor)과 펠렛형 담체가 충진된 호기성 담체조로 구성되어 있다. 소규모 하수처리시 본 개발공정의 안정성과 처리성능을 평가하기 위해 처리용량 $50m^3/d$ 규모의 파일럿 플랜트를 고도처리 공정으로 개선공사 중인 처리용량 $50m^3/d$ 규모의 실제 소규모 마을하수처리장에 적용하였다. UMBR과 담체조의 체류시간은 각각 4.7 h와 7.2h이었으며, 반응조 수온은 $18.1{\sim}28.1^{\circ}C$이었다. 유입 하수량과 유입수의 BOD/N의 변동폭이 컸음에도 불구하고 파일럿 플랜트는 안정된 처리성능을 보였다. 전체 실험기간 중 처리수의 $COD_{cr}$, $COD_{Mn}$, $BOD_5$, TN, TP의 평균 농도는 11.0 mg/L, 8.8 mg/L, 4.2 mg/L, 3.5 mg/L, 9.8 mg/L, 0.87/0.17 mg/L (poly aluminium chloride(PAC) 투입/미투입)이었으며, 제거율을 각각 95.3%, 87.6%, 96.3%, 96.5%, 68.2%, 55.4/90.3% 이었다. 잉여슬러지 발생량은 $A_2O$와 Bardenpho 등과 같은 단일슬러지를 이용하는 고도처리공정과 비교시 약 1.9~3.8배 낮은 $0.026kg-DS/m^3$ and 0.220 kg-DS/kg-BOD로 나타났다. A simple dual sludge process, called as $KNR^{(R)}$ (Kwon's Nutrient Removal) system, was developed for small sewage treatment. It is a hybrid system that consists of an UMBR (Upflow multi-layer bioreactor) as anaerobic and anoxic reactor with suspended denitrifier and a post aerobic biofilm reactor, filled with pellet-like media, with attached nitrifier. To evaluate the stability and performance of this system for small sewage treatment, the pilot-scale $KNR^{(R)}$ plant with a treatment capacity of $50m^3/d$ was practically applied to the actual sewage treatment plant, which was under retrofit construction during pilot plant operation, with a capacity of $50m^3/d$ in a small rural community. The HRTs of a UMBR and a post aerobic biofilm reactor were about 4.7 h and 7.2 h, respectively. The temperature in the reactor varied from $18.1^{\circ}C$ to $28.1^{\circ}C$. The pilot plant showed stable performance even though the pilot plant had been the severe fluctuation of influent flow rate and BOD/N ratio. During a whole period of this study, average concentrations of $COD_{cr}$, $COD_{Mn}$, $BOD_5$, TN, and TP in the final effluent obtained from this system were 11.0 mg/L, 8.8 mg/L, 4.2 mg/L, 3.5 mg/L, 9.8 mg/L, and 0.87/0.17 mg/L (with/without poly aluminium chloride(PAC)), which corresponded to a removal efficiency of 95.3%, 87.6%, 96.3%, 96.5%, 68.2%, and 55.4/90.3%, respectively. Excess sludge production rates were $0.026kg-DS/m^3$-sewage and 0.220 kg-DS/kg-BOD lower 1.9 to 3.8 times than those in activated sludge based system such as $A_2O$ and Bardenpho.

企業結合과 관련된 硏究에 있어서 會計情報의 利用

權純哲,李重熙 경북대학교 경제경영연구소 1989 經商論集 Vol.17 No.4

Accounting Information can be a key input into many important decisions and researches relating to the business combinations. This paper discusses the role of accounting information in the business combination decisions and related researches. And this discussion focuses on some considerations in the empirical researches relating to the business combinations using accounting information. The most empirical researches relating to the business combinations using accounting information has been conducted in two related areas ; (1)pre-acquisition analysis using financial variables, (2) examination of the post-acquisition performance of the acquiring firms using data from financial statements. The numbers rerorted in financial statements are a function, in part, of the accounting methods chosen by the firm and the regulatory agent. Therefore, non-uniformity and non-consistency of the accounting information must be considered in the interpretations of results of the empirical study relating to the business combinations.

價値增幅媒體로서의 祖織

權重生 경북대학교 경제경영연구소 1989 經商論集 Vol.17 No.3

There are many functions of organizations in industrialized society. One of them is the function of amplifying the values of organizations to the society through organization members and works. In achieving this social functions of organization human nature must be considered in different perspective where that human nature is not law-bound but self-bound and not constant but malleable. Most management theorists view human nature as law-bound and malleable in some degree. In this paper humans are not viewed as a part of cause-effect model so to make humans consistent with existing social order and make him or herself to effort in conjoining the functions of society. Hermeneutical man model views humans as a sense-making creature through work and interpreting the world as interactions of symbols which represent its own meaning. Then the most important thing in human behavior must be the values and belief which man himself possesses in orgazational life. The values of organizational members are internalized and idealized when the values and belief system operate well enough to achieve collective successes time after time. Then these values and symbolic fields are stabilized with organizational cohesiveness and efficiency. New experiences of organizational competence reinforces their members to idealization and generate reconcilliation myth. These can be the virtuous circle in organizational life. These processes are almost the same in institution building. But when the organizational performance does not increase and the values are not taken for granted anymore to the members the basic assumptions must be converted and changed to the state that new basic assumptions and value systems might be emerged. These are the process of double-loop learning. Most of these might be possible only when human nature is seen as malleable and self-bound. Hermeneutical man searches values which coincide with his own beliefs and basic assumptions through heuristic way of finding. When the values are consistent with organizational one these can be shared to the all organization members and ensure their organizational behavior available and valid until they don't work well in achieving their goals. In this manner the organizations amplify individual values to the social level. Thus organization should develop the values that might be accepted in society and expand its values to the end all human welfares are increased and accomplished.

分散 데이타베이스의 效率的인 質疑語의 처리

權寧淡,金重秀,金正洪 嶺南大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1988 基礎科學硏究 Vol.8 No.-

The efficient query processing is of im,portance ina distributed database management system. For a class of simple queries, it is possible to design optimization algorithm that will derive optimal distribution strategies. In this paper, a query <Extentended Simple Query> that is extension of simple query is defined. It is not necessary to reduce data transmission cost and to fully eliminate relations in a result site. Efficient algorithm for ESQ that considers semijonin operation sequences is presented.

朱元璋政權 參與 儒學者의 思想的 背景

權重達 中央大學校 人文科學硏究所 1987 人文學硏究 Vol.14 No.-

파라콰트 중독에서의 항산화치료

권운용,조유환,송형곤,김명천,이중의,서길준,윤여규 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Background: Paraquat causes severe tissue toxicity when ingested, but has no effective treatment modality. We have shown that high dose vitamin C has effective antioxidant activities against the paraquat intoxication in a previous animal experiment. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of antioxidant therapy with high dose vitamin C and vitamin E in human cases of paraquat intoxication. Methods: From August 1999 to August 2001, 19 paraquat intoxication patients who visited the emergency department of the Seoul National University Hospital and the Kyounghee University Hospital were enrolled to this study. They were devided into two groups, a control group(9 patients) and a study group(10 patients). The control group received only conservative managements including gastro-intestinal decontaminati-on. The study group received conservative managements plus the antioxidant therapy which was composed of vitamin C 24 gm/day intravenously and 20 gm/day orally, and vitamin E 1.6 gm/day orally. Results: In the study group, 5 of 10 patients(50%) survived, but all patients of the control group died(p=0.003). There were no significant differences in age, sex, and usage of gastric lavage and activated charcoal between the two groups. Difference in ingested amount of paraquat between the two groups could not be analyzed due to the inexact and subjective measuring methods based on patients' histories. Conclusion: Antioxidant therapy with high dose vitamin C and vitamin E is effective in vival rate in paraquat intoxicated patients.

On various statistical convergence of fuzzy numbers

권중성 선문대학교 자연과학대학 2001 자연과학논총 Vol.4 No.-

유리기판 위에 염화학증착법으로 투명전도성 산화주석막을 제조하였다. 박막은 원료물질로 tetramethyltin (TMT), 산화제로 산소나 오존이 포함된 산소의 흔할물로부터 제조되었다. 제조된 박막은 기판온도에 따라 물성이 크게 변하였고 최적화된 박막은 TMT 유량 8 sccm, 산소유량 150 sccm, 기판온도 380에서 제조되었다. 오곤존 사용함으로서 기판은도를 약 180℃정도 낮출 수 있었고 비저항은 ∼10-3Ω㎝에서 -10-3Ω㎝으로 감소시킬 수 있었다. Transparent and conducting tin oxide thin films were prepared on soda lime silicate glass by thermal chemical vapour deposition. Thin films were fabricated from mixtures of tetramethyltin (TMT) as a precursor, oxygen or oxygen containing ozone as an oxidant. The properties of fabricated tin oxide films are highly changed with variations of substrate temperature. Optimized thin films could be prepared on TMT, which flow rate of 8 sccm, oxygen flow rate of 150 sccm and substrate temperature of 380℃. We reduced deposition temperature about 180℃ by using of oxygen containing ozone instead of pure oxygen and resistivity of thin films was decreased from ∼×10-3Ω㎝ to ∼×10-3Ω㎝.

중국사에서의 세계주의와 민족주의 : 대동(大同) 사상과 화이준별 (華夷峻別) 사상을 중심으로

권중달 中央大學校 民族發展硏究院 2002 民族發展硏究 Vol.- No.7

금호강변 자갈의 종류와 그 주변에 분포하는 암석과의 관계

권오범,김중욱 大邱敎育大學校 科學敎育硏究所 1990 과학·수학교육연구 Vol.14 No.-

This study investigates the external characteristics and the distribution frequency of gravels at the beach of Kumho river. The gravels in external form can be classified to color, hardness, rock texture, feeling and shape with an naked eye according to the each original rocks. These external features of gravels in study area are controlled by the physical property formed by the genesis of each original rock. The distribution frequency of gravel numbers at the beach occurs in volcanic rock>sedimentary rock>contact metarmorphic rock>granitic rock in sequence. It is suggested that this distribution feature can be explained by the distribution area of provenance and the stability of physical weathering to each original rocks.

纖維强化 나이론의 機械的 性質

權重錄,李東鎬 경북대학교 공과대학 1987 工大硏究誌 Vol.16 No.-

Nylon resin reinforced with glass fiber or carbon fiber (which were surface-treated with silane as coupling agents to improve adhesion with polymer) was made according to weight percentage of glass or carbon fiber from 10 to 50 or 10 to 40 respectively. And the fiber reinforced composites were molded into three kinds of specimen for the purpose of the measurement of mechanical properties. The items of the measured properties were melt index, impact strength, flexural strength, hardness, tensile strength, elongation and heat deflection temperatures. The comparison of the mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced composites with carbon fiber reforced ones was performed in order to clarify the differences between their respective mechanical properties. As the viscosity of the nylon and the amount of fiber increased, melt index decreased. In the most of the mechanical properties, carbon fiber-reinforced composites revealed better results than glass fiber-reinforced ones except melt index.