한국(韓國) 중국고대사(中國古代史) 학계에서의 토지제도(土地制度) 연구

임중혁 ( Im Joong-hyuk ) 성균관대학교 대동문화연구원 2017 大東文化硏究 Vol.99 No.-

이 글은 한국에서 중국고대토지제도에 대해 연구한 성과를 리뷰한 것이다. 睡虎地秦墓竹簡이 출토하기 전에 국내에는 민성기와 김엽 두 교수의 연구가 주목된다. 수호지지간이 출토한 1975년 이래로 이성규와 최창대·윤재석이 土地授田制(國有制) 논쟁을 벌였다. 그 후 2001년 張家山漢墓竹簡의 석문이 출간되면서 박건주·임병덕·임중혁·김진우 등의 글이 발표되어 수전제의 유무, 매매와 상속 등에 관한 논쟁이 보다 본격화되었다. This article aims to review the research on ancient Chinese land systems, which was conducted in Korea. Before the excavation of the Shuihudiqinjian(睡虎地秦簡), the research of two domestic professors`(Min, seong-ki and Kim, yub) is noteworthy. Since the year of 1975 when the Shuihudiqinjian was excavated, there has been controversies among the writings of Lee-sungkyu, Choi-changdae, and Yoon-jaeseok. Thereafter, in 2001 when the Zhangjiashanhanjian(張家山漢簡) was published, the writings of the following scholars were presented: Park-keonjoo, Lim, beong-duk, Im, joong-hyuk, Kim, jin-woo, among others. They had discussions on the presence or absence of the state land system, land transaction, and its inheritance.

하악골에서 발생한 원발성 Ewing씨 육종 1례

고중화,전상훈,오영택,최진혁 대한이비인후과학회 1999 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.42 No.2

국내 살모넬라 분리주에서 spvR 유전자 분포와 단일 뉴클레오티드 다형 연구

권혁준,박경윤,박주연,박용호,김선중,유한상 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.6

목적 : 지금까지 병원성 살모넬라를 확인하기 위해 분자량이 큰 플라스미드의 존재 유무를 확인하여 왔으나 살모넬라 혈청형 및 검출 방법에 따라 양성율에 큰 차이를 보이고 있고, 일부 병원성 살모넬라 분리주에서 병원성 플라스미드가 관찰되지 않아 spv 유전자들의 유무에 대한 아른 확인방법이 필요하다. 본 실험은 국내 동물 유래 주요 살모넬라 혈청형에서 spvR 유전자의 분포를 알아보고, 병원성 살모넬라 분자진단을 위한 분자표지로써의 가치를 평가하기 위해 실행하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 국내 가축 유래 S. lyphimurium (ST, 26주), S. enteritidis (SE, 10주), S. pullorum (SP, 40주), S. gallinarum (SG, 53주)에 대해 GenBank에 등록된 ST, SE, SP의 spvR 유전자를 비교하여 ST와 SE 간에 차이를 보이는 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP, 625번 뉴클레오티드)을 포함하도록 시발자를 합성하여 집락-PCR을 수행하였다. 증폭 산물(194bp)은 자동 염기서열장치를 이용하여 염기서열을 결정하였고, 제한효소인 MseI을 사용하여 PCR-RFLP를 실시하였다. 결과 : 집락-중합효소연쇄반응 결과 SP, SG, SE의 모든 (100%) 분리주에서 특이 증폭산물이 검출되었으나 ST의 경우 19주(73%)에서만 증폭되었다. 특히 병원성 관련 플라스미드가 관찰되지 않았던 SP 4주에서 특이적인 증폭산물이 검출되었다. 염기서열 분석결과 SE, SG, SP는 625번 뉴클레오티드에 아데닌을, ST는 구아닌을 가지고 있어 PCR-RFLP를 이용하여 쉽게 구분할 수 있었다. 결 론 : spvR에 대한 집락-중합효소연쇄 반응법은 병원성 플라스미드 검출법보다 SE, SP, SG 병원성 주를 신속하게 검출하는데 유용하고, 625번 뉴클레오티드의 SNP는 ST와 SE, SG, SP를 구분하는 분자표지로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대되며, ST에 비해 SE는 진화적으로 SG와 SP에 가까운 것으로 생각되었다. Background : The Salmonella virulence plasmid (spv) genes (spvR, A, B, C and D) on the large virulence plasmids of pathogenic Salmonella serotypes can replace the virulence of the whole plasmid. Recently, virulence plasmid-negative pathogenic Salmonella isolates were isolated. However, positive rates of spv genes among Korean Salmonella serotypes have been obscure. spv genes are conserved in compared to other virulence genes but there are single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) conserved in only certain serotype. Such SNPs are useful for differentiation and understanding evolution of certain serotypes. Materials and Methods : Salmonella serotypes isolated from live stocks [Salmonella typhimurium (ST, 26), S. enteritidis (SE, 10), S. gallinarum (SG, 40) and S. pullorum (SP, 53)] were used for colony-PCR. A primer set covering single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at 625th nucleotide of spvR was designed. The nucleotide sequences of amplicons were determined by cyclic sequencing method and RFLP was performed by using MseI. Results : All isolates of SE, SG and SP, including four plasmid-negative isolates, showed specific amplicons but not all of ST (19/26, 73%) were positive to spvR. Based on the nucleotide sequence of 625th nucleotide and PCR-RFLP, SE, SG and SP [A(625)] and ST [G(625)] could be differentiated. Conclusion : spvR can be used as a molecular marker to detect virulent SE, SG, SP and the SNP may be useful for differentiation of SE, SG, SP and ST. According to the SNP study SE may be evolutionarily closer to SG and SP than ST.

THI를 이용한 소음이 근로자들의 건강에 미치는 영향조사

임무혁,신중규,이송권 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.1

This stud was carried out to evaluate health effects of noise using THI(Todai Health Index) from July 15 to August 30, 2001, 696 industrial workers whose health was managed by korea industrial Health Association were selected as subject of this study. The results were as follows ; 1. Study subjects, 696 workers, were divided into three groups, non-exposure group, 85-99dB group and 100dB≤group. the group who was exposed to high noise level(100dB(A)≤) showed the higher complain level than the other two groups who were exposed to less than 100dB(A). 2. Workers exposed to more than 100dB(A) displayed significantly different complaint level in aggressiveness scale, digestive scale and nervousness scale. 3. Depending on complaint level by all characteristics and noise level, workers exposed to more than 100dB(A) showed higher level in high aged workers, female, those who worked for a long time, heavy drinker, and heavy smoker and sitting workers. Form the results, we suggest that industrial hygienists have to formulate a comprehensive health management system for high level noise exposure workers included good life style, mental health, and noise deafness protection measures in order to technically control the health of noise exposure workers.

치과용 니켈-티타늄 합금의 갈바닉 부식

최창혁,최기열,이중배 大韓齒科器材學會 2004 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.31 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the galvanic corrosion behavior of NT by coupling with other dental alloys in artificial saliva. The variation of galvanic current and common potential (mixed potential) were monitored as a function of time, and interpreted in terms of the electrochemical properties of each alloy. The effects of adding some constituents such as acid or chloride to the ordinary composition of artificial saliva were also estimated. For most cases of coupling, the significant current was observed only at early stage for several seconds or several minutes, then gradually diminished. The current value was affected by the excessive amount of acid or chloride added to artificial saliva, depending on their aggressiveness on each alloy ; the current was increased in the couples with HG, LG, VT, and decreased in the couples with AM and G2. The results were more complicated in the couples with AP and TC, where some mixed reaction occurred. The common potential was always between two corrosion potentials of alloys involved in the couple, and did not exceed the breakdown potential of alloy acted as anode except the case of coupling with AM in acid-containing artificial saliva. The coupling with AM was found to be the most susceptible to galvanic corrosion.

우리 민속음악의 현대화에 관한 연구

김현중 / 김용래 / 윤경구 / 최종석 / 권혁남 공주교육대학교 초등연구원 1978 公州敎大論叢 Vol.14 No.2

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침입탐지에서 지지율 기반 클러스터링을 이용한 정상행위 패턴 생성

오상현,장중혁 대구대학교 정보통신연구소 2010 情報通信硏究 Vol.7 No.1

For effectively detecting the intrusion through computers, many algorithms have been actively proposed so far, and recently the works related to anomaly detection, which is extended from misuse detection techniques by reducing their drawbacks, have attracted considerable attention since the anomaly detection technique can identify unknown intrusion methods. In this paper, a new clustering algorithm is proposed in order to extract patterns from the normal user activities. For the purpose, the anomalous user behaviors should be analyzed in various angles, and be classified by many different types of measures. 컴퓨터를 통한 침입을 효과적으로 탐지하기 위해서 많은 기법들이 제안되어 왔으며, 근래에는 오용 탐지 기법을 개선하기 위해서 비정상행위 탐지 기법에 관련된 연구들이 활발히 진행중이다. 본 논문에서는 침입탐지에서 정상행위 패턴을 생성하기 위해 지지율에 기반한 새로운 클러스터링 알고리즘을 제시한다. 이를 위해서 정상적인 사용에 대한 행위를 다양한 각도에서 분석될 수 있도록 여러 판정요소로 분류하고 각 판정요소에 대해서 제시된 알고리즘을 이용하여 정상행위 패턴을 생성한다.

진폐증 환자에서 발생한 폐렴에서의 정주용 인 면역글로불린의 투여 효과

문제혁,정진숙,김경아,임영,남호우,한중수 大韓産業醫學會 2002 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.14 No.2

목 적 : 진폐중환자에서 대식세포의 기능저하, 폐섬유화로 병소로의 약물 침투의 저조, 면역계의 변화가 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이로 인하여 폐렴치료의 어려움이 있어 중증 감염증에 효과가 있는 것으로 알려져 있는 IgG를 진폐증 환자에서 동반된 폐렴의 치료로 항생제와 함께 투여하였을 때 효과를 보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 항생제와 IgG를 함께 투여하는 투여군과 항생제만 단독 투여하는 대조군을 무작위로 선정하였다. 약물 투여전과 투여후 2·4·6·8일에 객담검사, 체온, 동맥혈산소분압, 말초혈액 백혈구와 간상중성구를 검사하여 1점부터 4점까지 점수를 부여하여 두 군간에 비교하였다. 결 과 : 투여군은 27명있었고, 대조군은 18명이었다. 두 군간에 나이, 진폐병형, 심폐기능장해도, 객담에서의 균배양여부가 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 1. 이들 인자들을 고려하지 않았을 때, 투여군에서 대조군보다 임상평가 점수가 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. (p=0.083). 2. 나이가 60세 미만인 경우에는 투여군이 대조군보다 임상평가점수가 유의하게 적었다(p<0.01). 3. 단순진폐증인 대상자인 경우에는 투여군에서 대조군보다 임상평가점수가 낮아지는 경향을 보였다(p=0.077). 4. 심폐기능장해도에 따라 두 군간에 임상평가점수의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 5. 객담배양검사의 결과에 따라 두 군간에 임상평가점수의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결 론 : 나이가 60세 미만으로 상대적으로 젊고, 단순진폐증인 경우에는 진폐증환자에서 병발한 폐렴의 치료에 항생제와 병용한 IgG의 효과가 있을 것으로 예상된다. Objectives : It is well known that pneumoconiotic patients experience impairments of macrophage function, as well as poor penetration of drugs into the fibrotic nodules and the immune system. Resultantly, pneumonia is frequently involved in pneumoconiotic patients and its treatment is not easy. Therefore, we conducted a clinical evaluation of immunoglobulin G which is known to be effective in severe infectious diseases. Methods : We randomly selected 45 pneumoconiotic patients with pneumonia and classified them into 2 groups. The experimental group (IgG group) was scheduled to receive antibiotics and igG (5 g I.V./day for 7 days). The control group was treated with antibiotics alone. Sputum gram stain (counts of WBCs and microorganisms), body temperature, arterial oxygen tension, and counts of peripheral venous blood leukocytes and band neutrophils were used as markers to assess the response effect therapy at time periods of 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days after completion of therapy. We compared the clinical scores between the two groups. Results : The experimental IgG treated group was composed of 27 patients, and the control group comprised 18 patients. There was no statistical differences between two groups in terms of age, pneumoconiotic profusion, impairment degree of pulmonary function, or frequency of pathogen isolation in the sputum before medication. The experimental IgG treated group showed lower clinical scores as compared with the control group (p=0.083). Conclusions : These results suggest that IgG infusion with antibiotics will have an effect on pneumonia therapy in pneumoconiosis patients that are under 60 years and exhibit simple pneumonoconiois.

선인장 양심실 보조장치의 설계 및 임상적용을 위한 평가

민병구,박찬영,최재순,이혁수,황창모,김삼성,윤걸중,김종원,선경,이경갑,정종태,김원곤 제주대학교 인공심장이식연구소 2001 인공심장 연구 Vol.2 No.1

현재 개발되고 있는 맥동형 이식형 인공심장은 완전이식형 인공심장과 좌심실보조장치 뿐이다. 좌심실보조장치를 장착한 환자의 10~15%가 우심실의 보조를 필요로하고 완전이식형 인공심장의 장착을 위해서는 자연심장을 제거해야하는 상황에서 이식형 양심실보조장치에 대한 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 본 연구진은 완전이식형 인공심장으로 개발된 한국형 인공심장을 개선하여 양심 실 보조장치를 개발하였다. 양심실보조장치는 이동형 작동기식 미케니즘을 이용하고 있으며 에너지 변환장치와 감속기로 구성된 작동기와 혈액주머니, 그리고 내장형 제어기로 구성되어 있다. 선인장 펌프로 명명된 KAH350은 캐뉼라의 연결을 위한 커넥터를 포함하여 길이 177mm, 폭 164mm, 높이 67 이고 무게 780g이며 최대 심박출량은 5L/min 이다. 양심실보조장치로 개발된 선인장펌프는 좌심실보조장치로도 응용이 가능하다. 이식적합성과 생체적합성을 평가하기 위하여 좌심실보조장치로 5회, 양싱실보조장치로 6회의 동물실험을 수행하였다. 각각 최장 28일간 생존하였으며 11회의 동물실험중 장치의 결함에 의한 것이 3회 있었는데 이들은 모두 전자장치의 결함과 방수처리문제였다. 현재 이식적합성과 일박출량을 향상시킨 KAH400모델이 개발중이다. The types of pulsatile implantable artificial hearts that are on the way of development and have been developed are totally implantable artificial heart and implantable left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Approximately 10% to 15% of all patients Implanted with wearable VADs have required right heart support with another device. And it is reluctant to patient who should remove his or her own heart to be implanted with total artificial heart. These situations drive the development of implantable bi-ventricular assist device (BVAD). The Korean BVAD was develophed by modifying the moving actuator type Korean artificial heart. This electro-mechanical BVAD comprises actuator including energy converter and reduction gear train, blood sacs, and internal motor and energy controllers. The KAH350 which is named as 'Cactus Pump' is 177mm in length, 164mm in width, and 67mm in thickness including connectors and nuts. The weight and maximum cardiac output of Cactus Pump is 780g and 5L/min, respectively. The Cactus Pump that was developed as BVAD could be used as LVAD by attaching compliance caps on the 2 ports of one ventricle. The animal experiments were undergone 5 times for LVAD, and 6 times for BVAD. The best records were 28 days survival in both applications. There were 3 times of device failure and they were all associated with electrical connection and hermetic sealing. The KAH400 that has improved anatomical fitting characterisitcs and stroke volume is on development.

만성요통환자에 있어서 근에너지기법과 치료마사지의 복합프로그램 적용 효과

주동엽,김영빈,정동혁,이중철 圓光大學校 附設 體力科學硏究所 2007 體力科學硏究 Vol.29 No.-

In order to compare and analyze major techniques employed by the college judo competitors of Korea who participated in the 43rd National Male and Female Judo Championships by Weight Class, the players in the light, middle and heavy weight classes were classified into 3 categories: (1) those who are taller than opponents(by +4 cm or more); (2) as tall as opponents(-3~+3 cm); and (3) smaller than opponents(by -4 cm or less). Scoring points and used techniques were examined from videotapes and matching records, which resulted in the following conclusions: 1. In case of light weight players who are taller than opponents, foot(34.73%) was used most frequently and effectively, followed significantly by hand(28.54%), pressing(15.35%), waist(15.31%) and pull-down(4.25%) sacrifice throw techniques(1.66%) in order(p<0.00l). Those who are as tall as opponents used foot techniques(34.88%) more effectively than hand although hand techniques(38.38%) were employed more frequently. For those who are smaller than opponents, hand techniques(35.03%) were used most frequently and effectively, followed significantly by foot(32.57%), waist(8.39%), pressing(16.12%) and pull-down sacrifice throw techniques(7.8%) sequence(p<.001). 2. In case of middle weight players who are taller than or as tall as opponents, foot(30.72%) was used most frequently and effectively, followed significantly by hand(35.42%), pressing(21.32%), waist(8.15%) pull-down sacrifice throw(0.42%) and cross lock(l.06%) in order(p<0.001). However, for those who are smaller than opponents, hand techniques were used more frequently and effectively than pressing, waist and cross lock