한국인의 연, 망간, 알루미늄 및 실리콘의 혈중 농도

김정만,안정모,김원술,김정일,신해림,정갑열,김준연 동아대학교 산업의학연구소 2000 산업의학연구소 논총 Vol.- No.5

Blood Lead, Manganese, Aluminium and Silicon Concentrations in Korean Adults Jung Man Kim, Jung Mo Ahn, Won Sul Kim1), Jung Il Kim2), Hai Rim Shin, Kap Yeol Jung2), Joon Youn Kim Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine and Industrial Medicine Research Institute. Dong-A University Department of Health Care, Handong University Sunlin Presbyterian Hotpital1) Department of Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University2) 0bjectives : This study was performed to determine the reference values of blood lead, manganese, aluminium, and silicon in healthy adults. Methods : The subjects were 132 (67 male and 65 female), and classified to three age groups (≤39,40∼49, and 50≤). Hood lead, manganese and aluminium were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and blood silicon was analyzed by direct current plasma optical omission spectrometer. Results : Blood lead levels(geometric mean, S.D) were (3.49, 1.70) ㎍/dL in male auld (3.04, 1.65) ㎍/dL in female, but the difference is not significant, and there was no significant difference between age groups. Mean blood manganese level was 0.99±0.41㎍/dL, and there was no significant difference between sex or age groups. Mean blood aluminium level was 0.59±0.35㎍/dL and there was no significant difference between sex or age groups. Mean blood silicon level was 54.41±27.64㎍/dL in male and 43.34±23.51㎍/dL in female, and the level in male was significantly higher than that in female (p〈0.05). There was significant difference between age groups, and the oldest showed the highest level in male (p〈0.05), but no significant difference between age groups in female. Conclusions : Authors hope that this study would provide basic data for determininig reference values and evaluating health effects.

Renal Dysfunction Indicators, Lead Exposure, Urine - microglobulin Blood urea Nitrogen, Urine N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase

김준연,김성률,홍영습,김동일,정갑열,이상주 동아대학교 부설 산업의학연구소 1997 산업의학연구소 논총 Vol.- No.3

A range of indicators is available to assess renal dysfunction in lead exposure. This study was undertaken to find out which indicators were most valuable as makers of renal dysfunction. We selected 75 male workers from the secondary lead smelter, plastic stabilizer and radiator manufacturing industries (the "exposed" group) and 64 male office workers (the "control" group). Blood lead; blood zinc protoporphyrin; urine lead; urine coproprphyrin; δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity; and urine δ-aminolevulinic acid were chosen as indicators of lead exposure. Blood urea nitrogen; serum creatinine; serum uric acid; urine N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase; urine albumin; urine α₁-microglobulin; and urine β₂-microglobulin were used as indicators of renal dysfunction. Urine α₁-microglobulin level was significantly associated with the lead exposure level. Blood urea nitrogen, urine N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase and urine α₁-microglobulin levels were highly correlated with indicators of lead exposure. Urine α₁-microglobulin had the highest correlation with other indicators of renal function. In addition, the proportion of subjects with high urine α₁-microglobulin levels showed a gradient with lead exposure. Conclusively, Blood urea nitrogen, urine N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase and urine α1-microglobulin are useful indicators, but urine α₁-microglobulin is the early and the most valuable indicator of renal dysfunction related to lead exposure.

성분법에 의한 철골 보-기둥 용접 접합부 관한 초기강성에 대한 연구

이윤신,안형준 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2(구조계)

In design practice welded connections represent the most commonly used connection typology due to their ability to reduce the relative rotation between the beam and the column allowing, in many cases, the simple modelling of the building structure as a continuous (i.e. rigid) frame. The prediction of the behavior of beam-to-column connections can be carried out by means of the component method which is largely applied in research studies. In the finite element analysis, the fillet of H-shaped steel, the welding property, and the effect of remained strain of welding were ignored to simplify the specimens in this study. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the initial stiffness of beam-to-column connections reinforced by welding in steel structures.

綜合病院 物理治療患者의 實態調査硏究 : 大邱直轄市 病院을 中心으로

朴閏基,朴來俊,金成光 대구보건대학 1986 대구보건대학 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

This Study was made from 31 July 1985 to 31 December 1985. The results are as follows; 1. The patients distribution were high as 63.7% with male predominent. 2. Medical examination and treatment were seen orthopedic(47.9%), Neurosurgery (35.8%), Internal medicine (8%). 3. Also, establish of rehabilitation center for patients were more needed. and various social service were reduice economic responsibility. 4. When care of patients, cooperation of other department are more important.

USB 카메라를 이용한 이동물체 실시간 추적 알고리즘

김윤수,김준식 湖西大學校 工業技術硏究所 2002 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.21 No.-

In security system, moving image is usually used. To do that, the skill of tracking for moving change is needed. Generally, the conventional methods store moving images continuously in the storage media, therefore the disadvantage of conventional method has a high price. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for moving object tracking using USB camera, Which can use a security system. The real-time moving object tracking algorithm using USB camera is able to reduce the price and easy to apply in security system. This paper is studied on the real-time moving object tracking algorithm using USB camera. The input image are separated a background and an object using difference method. After difference image have a noise. For remove this noise, on this study using median filtering. In the next step, the segmented object region is processed by center of gravity method. Therefor, the coordinates of center of gravity for the extracted moving region is obtain. In the simulation results, the performance of proposed algorithm is verified, also the proposed one has good performance.

치간 법랑질 삭제방법에 따른 치아표면 거칠기에 관한 비교연구

노준,전윤식 대한치과교정학회 1999 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.29 No.4

다양한 부정교합의 원인 중에서 치아의 형태적 이상이나 크기의 부조화를 해결하기 위한 방법으로 치간 법랑질 삭제(interdental enamel stripping)가 임상에서 자주 사용된다. 이런 치간 법랑질 삭제술식은 특히 상하악의 전치부위에서 적은 량의 치아 밀집을 해결하거나, 교정치료 말기에 상하악 치아 크기의 부조화에 의한 견치 또는 구치의 바람직하지 못한 교합관계를 개선하는데 유용하지만 치아삭제가 비가역적인 술식이며, 삭제 후 남게 되는 거친 법랑질 표면으로 인한 치주적 부작용이 문제점으로 지적되어 왔다. 법랑질 삭제 후 표면에 남게 되는 거칠기를 줄이기 위해 다양한 치과용 마모기구를 이용한 방법들이 소개되었지만 그 결과에 대한 해석은 주사현미경(SEM)상에서 관찰되는 표면소견을 통한 비교분석에 국한 되었다. 본 연구의 목적은 임상에서 자주 사용되고 있는 여러 가지 법랑질 삭제방법들의 결과를 주사현미경적 소견과 함께 표면조도측정기를 이용하여 표면의 거칠기를 정량화하므로서 좀 더 구체적인 임상적 결과를 비교 평가하고자 함이다. 치간 법랑질 삭제방법은 기계적 방법 및 기계화학적인 방법으로 나누어 비교하였으며, 기계적 방법은 회전기계삭제와 치과용 마모지를 이용한 삭제로 구분하고, 기계화학적 방법을 위해 37% 인산이 사용되었다. 교정목적으로 발거된소구치의 인접면을 이용하여 기계적 및 기계화학적인 법랑질 삭제방법에 따른 표면 거칠기를 비교 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 회전기계 및 치과용 마모지를 이용한 기계적 방법으로 1차 삭제한 군의 법랑질 표면이 다른군들에 비해 거칠게 나타났다. 2. 산 부식을 이용한 기계화학적 방법으로 1차 삭제한 군이 기계적 방법으로 1차 삭제한 군에 비해 양호한 표면을 보였다. 3. 기계적으로 1차 및 2차 삭제한 군의 표면은 대조군과 유사한 정도로 표면이 양호하였다. 4. 표면 활택 목적으로 사용된 미세 연마제는 표면 거칠기나 표면의 연마 또는 가공정도에 큰 영향을 주지 않았다. Interdental enamel stripping is an usual method for correction of abnormal tooth shape and tooth size discrepancy which is one of the etiologic factors of malocclusion. Clinically it is useful to correct the minor crowding in anterior teeth and posterior occlusion during finishing stage of orthodontic treatment. But this procedure has risks such as irreversible tooth reduction and remaining roughness of enamel surface can accumulate plaque which can evoke periodontal problem. Even if various methods were introduced to minimize the enamel surface roughness, their evaluation was limited in morphologic differences by scanning electronic microscope(SEM). The purpose of this study was to compare the various interdental enamel stripping method by SEM and to quantify the difference of surface roughness by use of Surfcorder SEF-30D(Kosaka Lab, Ltd.) which can measure the roughness of surface. The stripping methods were divided into mechanical and mechanical-chemical method. Air-rotor stripping and separating strip were used for mechanical stripping and 37% phosphoric acid was used for chemical stripping. The enamel surface roughness after mechanical or mechanical-chemical stripping of interproximal surfaces of premolars which were extracted for orthodontic purpose were measured and compared by means of SEM and Surfcorder, the results were as follows. 1. Enamel surface of primary treated by coarse diamond bur and separating strip groups showed highest value of roughness. 2. To compare the primary treated groups between mechanical and mechanical-chemical method, the latter group showed lower value of roughness remarkably. 3. Mechanical stripping groups which were treated both coarse and fine instrument showed lower value of roughness as much as non treated group. 4. The use of pumice for final polishing did not show significantly smoothening the stripped enamel surface any more.

男子 體操競技의 自由種目 終末技 着地 成功率에 關한 硏究

鞠倫柱,河永俊 仁荷大學校 스포츠科學硏究所 1993 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

Among the athletes who participated in the gymnastic contest of the eleventh Puk-kyon Asian Tournament in 1990, thirty-eight athletes (in five events) took part in the third tournament (the final game of the each event), for their records in the first tournament were excellent. They were selected for studying and analyzing the success rate of the landing of the final technique among the performance of the event, (floor exercise, ring, long horse, paraller bar, horizontal bar) classified by its contents and the styles of the body. The results were as follows; 1. the success rate of the landing-classified by the contests of the technique. 1) Floor exercise: The rate of "Double salto backward tucked" technique proved the highest in floor exercise, whose rate was 100%, That of "Double salto backward Tucked with 1/1 turn" technique was 84%, and that of "Double salto backward stretched" technique rate was 66%. 2) Ring: The rate of "Double salto backward stretched" technique was 84%, that of "Double forward piked with 1/2 turn" technique was 66%. 3) Long hourse: The rate of "Round-off, hand spring backward and salto backward stretched with 1/1 turn "technique proved the highest and that of "hand spring and double salto forward tucked" technique proved lowest 0%. 4) Paralled bar: The rate of "Double salto backward piked" technique was 86%, that of "Double salto forward tucked" technique was 85%, and that of "From handstand at end of bar: forward swing to hang to hang and double salto backward" technique was 80%. 5) Horizontal bar: The rate of "Double salto backward stretched" technique proved the highest, whose rate was 100%, and of "Triple salto backward tucked" technique proved the lowest, whose rate was 40%. 2. The success tate of the landing-classified by the style of the body. 1) The rate of "Stretched" style was 77%, in twenty-six times' executions, That of "Piked style was 70% in six times' executions and that of "tucked" style was 60% in fourteen time's executions.

재료내 다중결함에 의한 SH형 초음파 산란장의 수치해석

이준현,이서일,조윤호 韓國非破壞檢査學會 1998 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.18 No.4

비파괴검사중의 하나인 초음파 탐상검사는 교량, 발전설비 및 석유화학플랜트 등의 각종 다양한 구조물들의 안전성 확보를 위한 내부결함 및 손상평가를 위하여 일반적으로 폭넓게 사용되고 있다. 초음파를 이용한 비파괴 평가 기술은 각종 구조물에 존재하는 내부결함에 의한 산란신호를 통해 건전성을 평가하는 기법이므로 결함의 신뢰성 높은 정량적 평가를 위해서는 결함으로부터의 초음파 산란신호특성에 대한 기본적 이해가 필수적이며 따라서 이를 위한 모델링 수치해석 연구가 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 동탄성 경계요소법을 이용하여 무한체내에 존재하는 다중기공 결함에 의한 초음파 수평횡파의 근거리 산란특성에 대하여 결함의 형상과 결함사이의 상호작용을 고려하여 해석하였다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과들은 결함검출 민감도의 개선 및 역변환 해석에 의한 정량적 비파괴 평가에 큰 도움을 줄 수 있다. In order to assure the reliability and integrity of structures such as bridges, power and petrochemical plants, nondestructive evaluation techniques are recently playing more important roles. Among the various kinds of nondestructive evaluation techniques, ultrasonic technique is one of the most widely used methods for nondestructive inspection of internal defects in structures. For the reliable quantitative evaluation of internal defects from the experimental ultrasonic signals, a numerical analysis of ultrasonic scattering field due to a defect distribution is absolutely required. In this paper, the SH-wave scattering by multi-cavity defects using elastodynamic boundary element method is studied. The effects of shape of defects on transmitted and reflected fields are considered. The interaction of multi-cavity defects in SH-wave scattering is also investigated. Numerical calculation by the boundary element method has been carried out to predict near field solution of scattered fields of ultrasonic SH-wave. The presented results would be useful to improve the sensitivity of flaw defection for inverse analysis and pursue quantitative nondestructive evaluation for inverse problem.

화학적 폐 손상시 상피세포 장벽의 특성

서덕준,김준연 동아대학교 의과대학 부설 산업의학연구소 1992 산업의학연구소 논총 Vol.- No.1

폐 상피세포 장벽은 다른 tight한 생체세포의 장벽에서와 마찬가지로 높은 조직저항을 보이며, 따라서 용매와 용질의 이동을 극히 제한한다. 이러한 수동적인 장벽의 특성은 폐의 여러조건에 의하여 심하게 변할 수 있으며 요즈음 폐 상피세포 손상의 장애시 그 기전이 활발하게 연구되고 있다. 정상적인 tight 한 폐 상피세포 장벽은 간질액과 혈관내로 부터 용질이 빠져 나오는 것을 막음으로써 폐의 일차적인 기본 기능인 기체교환을 하는데 있어 정상적으로 폐표면을 항상 건조하게 유지시킬 수 있는 것이다. 그러나 현재까지의 결과는 거의 모두가 작은실험 동물들의 전체 폐를 이용한 것으로 그 기전을 알기가 어렵고, 인체의 폐 상피세포에서의 물질이동에 대한 특성은 거의 알려진 바가 없다. 화학물질에 의한 인체 폐 부종의 기전을 알기 위하여 여러 실험 모델에서 얻은 결과를 통하여 추후 진단 및 그 자료 방침을 정할 수 있게 될 것으로 생각된다. The alveolar epithelial barrier permits only restricted passage of solutes examplified by a high resistance and equivalent pore properties similar to those of other tight biological barriers. These passive barrier properties may be markedly altered after insults to the lung, perhaps providing insights into the mechanisms of alveolar epithelial injury. The normally tight alveolar epithelium serves as an effective barrier against the leak of solutes from interstitial and vascular spaces into alveolar spaces, thereby helping to maintain the normal "dry" environment required for efficient gas exchange. Until recently, the majority of investigations of alveolar fluid balance relied on intact lung models. The information obtained from these intact mammalian lung studies in vivo and in vitro, if useful, can be difficult to interpret mechanistically, largely because of the anatomical complexity of the lung. For more precise information about alveolar epithelial properties, studies of isolated preparations have been done, providing useful additional approaches to underlying transport mechanisms and pathways in the alveolar-capillary wall. In this review article, I introduced the methods being used for study of barrier function in addition to intact lung investigation. And I discussed the barrier properties of the alveolar epithelium relevant to alveolar fluid balance in chemically injured lung, citing the pertinent supporting experimental data where appropriate.

구조도면 자동생성 프로그램 개발에 관한 연구

문연준,김순철 東新大學校 2003 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

Last products of architectural engineering can divide into structure calculations and designs. Structural calculations and designs are using because a lot of common use programs are developed, but automatic drawing is not available. And data that is used in structural analysis is not used in drawing creation process and a lot of time and efforts are required to all of the engineers and architectural designers. Also, because primary engineer is taking charge of this, many mistake of drawing creation are made. Automatic drawing can enhance engineer's productivity and company's competitive power in construction market in the era of globalization. Therefore, in this research, I developed structure drawing automatic creation program by VB (Visual Basic) that is used recently among automation method and appled to sample model. By using this program, we can make automatically and quickly analyze and design without any mistakes.