냉동반죽의 제빵 품질특성에 미치는 유화제와 α-amylases의 영향

박범준,신언한,김소미,박천석 경희대학교식량자원개발연구소 2007 硏究論文集 Vol.26 No.1

위성 채널을 통한 DS-BPSK 신호의 전송 특성

김언곤,신동일,조성준 한국항공대학교 1986 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

Uplink와 downlink 가우스성 잡음이 존재하는 존재하에서 비선형 위성 트랜스폰더(transponder)를 통과하는 DS-BPSK(Direct Sequence-Binary Phase Shift Keying)신호의 오율식을 구했다. 위성 트랜스폰더의 TWT(traveling wave tube)전력 증폭기의 비선형 특성은 이상적인 하드리미터(hard limiter)로 모델링하였다. 구해진 오율식에 의해 컴퓨터 계산을 행하고, 그 결과를 반송파 대 uplink잡음전력비(uplink CNR), 반송파 대 downlink잡음 전력비(downlink CNR) 및 확산 스펙트럼의 처리 이득을 파라미터로 하여 그래프로 나타내고 선형시스템의 경우와 비교ㆍ분석했다. 그 결과 uplink CNR 이 O[dB] 이상일 경우는 비선형시스템이 선형시스템에 비해 downlink CNR 면에서 0.4[dB] 정도의 이득이 있었고, 선형시스템에 대한 비선형시스템의 개선도에 있어서 처리 이득은 그다지 영향을 미치지 못함을 알 수 있었다. The error rate equation of DS-BPSK(Direct Sequence-Binary Phase Shift Keying) signal transmitted through the nonlinear satellite transponder has been derived in the up link and downlink Gaussian noise environment. The nonlinearity of TWT(traveling wave tube) in satellite transponder is modeled as an ideal hard limiter. The numerical results of the derived equations have been shown in figures in terms of carrier to uplink noise power ratio(uplink CNR), carrier to downlink noise power ratio(downlink CNR) and process gain, and compared with those of the linear system. In the analysis, we have known that when the uplink CNR is below -5[dB] the hard-limited system degrades the error rate performance compared with the linear system, however, when the uplink CNR is above O[dB] the hard-limited system can gain 0.4[dB] improvement in downlink CNR to maintain a fixed error rate Pe=10(??) compared with the linear system. Even though the process gain can improve the error rate performance of both systems-the hard-limited system and the linear system, it does not affect seriously the improvements of the hard-limite system performance over the linear system performance.

우리나라 도시와 농촌 지역 주민의 혈중 연 및 혈중 Zinc Protoporphyrin농도 비교 연구

김준연,김병권,홍영습,이용언,정갑열 동아대학교 부설 산업의학연구소 1997 산업의학연구소 논총 Vol.- No.3

The study was carried out on healthy population in urban and rural area, in order to compare the level of blood lead (PbB) and blood zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) between the population living in each area from July 1 1994 to December 31 1994. We stratificated the results with sex, age and area. The results obtained were as follows; 1. In urban area, overall mean of the PbB level was 7.08±1.61㎍/dl and both men and women had the highest level of PbB, which were 8.15±0.85㎍/dl, 6.90±1.48㎍/dl, in less than 39 years old group. In rural area, overall mean of the PbB level was 6.75±1.61㎍/dl and both men and women had the highest levels of PbB, which were 7.25±2.29㎍/dl, 7.00±2.92㎍/dl in 40∼49 years old group. And there was statistically significant difference between mean of the men's PbB level in urban area and that in rural area (p<0.05). 2. In urban area, overall mean of the ZPP level was 32.08±8.28㎍/dl and men had the highest level of ZPP, which was 29.59±5.13㎍/dl, in 40∼49 years old group, and women had that, which was 36.83±7.95㎍/dl, in less than 39 years old group. In rural area, overall mean of the ZPP level was 34.54±11.31㎍/dl and men had the highest level of ZPP, which was 32.10±5.45㎍/dl, in less than 39 years old group and women had that, which was 40.17±14.02㎍/dl, in 40∼49 years old group. And there was statistically significant difference between mean of the men's ZPP level in urban area and that in rural area (p<0.05). 3. There was statistically significant difference in PbB and ZPP between men and women group in both area (p<0.05) but not significant among age group in both area (p>0.05).

위험도 정보 활용을 위한 화재 PSA 방법론 개선 연구 현황

이윤환,양준언 한국화재소방학회 2003 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.17 No.1

본 논문에서는 현재 세계적으로 사용되고 있는 화재 PSA 방법론을 살펴보고 화재방호를 목적으로 위험도 정보를 이용할 시 요구되는 방법론의 개선 사항을 파악하였다. 화재 PSA의 결과 및 이를 통한 통찰(insight)은 의사 결정을 하는데 완전한 기술적인 근거라 하기 보다는 위험도 정보를 활용한 의사 결정 과정의 일부로서 사용될 수 있으며, 화재 PSA 결과의 적용 분야와 적용 수준은 PSA에서 사용된 모델의 정확성과 타당성에 좌우된다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 화재 PSA의 유용성은 많은 분야의 연구와 개발을 통해 현재 기술 수준 증진에 따라 확대될 것이며, 그에 따라 더 일관성 있는 결과를 낳게 될 것으로 판단한다. In this paper, many vulnerable areas of the present fire PSA methodology were revealed to apply risk-informed fire protection to nuclear power plants. The results and insights from the fire PSA should be used as part of a risk-informed decision making process rather than the complete technical basis for decision making. The degree of support and scope of applications is dependent on the accuracy and validity of the model used in the fire PSA. Accordingly, the usefulness of the fire PSA will increase as ongoing research and development efforts lead to improvements in the state of the art technology, and as improvements in implementation of the state of the art technology lead to more consistent results.

65세 이상의 노인 환자에서의 심판막 폐쇄부전증에 대한 임상적 고찰

류주성,왕준호,문언수,이홍순 대한노인병학회 2001 대한노인병학회지 Vol.5 No.4

주파수 선택성 다중경로 페이딩 채널에서 Near/Far 영향을 받는 Multi-Carrier CDMA Trellis Coded 16 QAM 시스템의 성능 해석

노재성,강희조,김춘길,김언곤,조성준 대전산업대학교 반도체기술연구소 2000 半導體技術硏究所報 Vol.2 No.-

본 논문에서는 주파수 선택성 다중경로 페이딩과 Near/Far 영향을 받는 Multi-Carrier CDMA 시스템의 성능을 분석하였다. 성능 분석을 위해 사용한 파라미터들은 Multi-Carrier의 수, 다중사용자의 수, RAKE 수신기의 가지수, 주파수 선택성 다중경로 페이딩의 감쇄지수, 그리고 CDMA 다중사용자의 분포와 세기이다. Multi-Carrier CDMA 시스템에서 Near/Far 영향을 분석하기 위하여 3가지의 간섭 분포 모델을 설정하였다. 첫 번째 모델은 다중사용자가 간섭과 대 반송파 비인 I/C를 -4 dB에서 4dB 사이에서 2dB씩의 차이를 가지며 20%씩 균일하게 분포하는 경우이다. 두 번째 모델은 다중사용자가 I/C 비를 -2 dB에서 2 dB 사잉에서 2 dB씩의 차이를 가지며 33.3%씩 균일하게 분포하는 경우이다. 그리고 세 번째 모델은 모든 다중사용자가 I/C가 0 dB로 신호 전력과 간섭 전력이 동일하게 분포하며 전력이 완전하게 제어된 경우이다. 그리고 본 논문에서는 주파수 선택성 다중경로 페이딩의 영향을 감소시키기 위하여 RAKE 수신기를 채용한 Multi-Carrier CDMA 시스템을 제안하였다. 이 시스템에서는 제시한 3가지의 간섭 분포 모델중에서 세 번째 모델(완전 전력제어가 된 경우)이 가장 좋은 성능을 나타내었고, 간섭파의 전력과 신호파의 전력차이가 적을수록 희망 신호에 영향을 주는 간섭 신호의 전력량이 적어서 Multi-Carrier CDMA 시스템의 성능이 향상됨을 알 수 있었다. The performance of a multi-carrier CDMA system is analyzed considering frequency selective multipath fading and Near/Far effects. The number of multicarrier, multiuser, and arms of RAKE receiver, and the decay ratio of frequency selective multipath fading are used as a parameter for the performance analysis. Moreover, the distribution and the strength of multiuser interference are also considered. To evaluate the Near/Far effects in a multi-carrier CDMA system, three distribution models are assumed. In the first model, Interference to Carrier Ratio, I/C, ranges from -4 dB to 4dB, and at each 2 dB interval, 20% of multiuser is assumed to be uniformly distributed. In the second one, I/C ranges from -2 dB to 2dB, and 33.3% of multiuser is assumed to be equally dispersed at each 2dB interval. The third model is 0 dB of I/c, that is, with perfect power control, multiuser are assumed to be evenly located. In this paper, multi-carrier CDMA system adopting RAKE receiver is proposed to mitigate the frequency selective multipath fading. From the results, the third model(i.e. perfect power control) shows the best perfomance, and the narrower range of I/C causes the less effects to the desired signal, which reads to the better performance.

표준 원자력발전소 확률론적 안전성 평가의 인간 신뢰도 분석 평가

강대일,정원대,양준언 한국안전학회 2003 한국안전학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Based on ASME probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) and NEI PRA peer review guidance, we evaluate a human reliability analysis (HRA) in probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) for Korea standard nuclear power plants, Ulchin Unit 3&4, to improve it performed at under design. The HRA for Ulchin Unit 3&4 is assessed as higher than Grade I based on ASME PRA standard and as higher than Grade 2 based on NEI PRA peer review guidance. The major items to be improved identified through the evaluation process are the documentation, the systematic human reliability analysis, the participitation of operators in the works and review of HRA. We suggest the guidance on the identification and qualitative screening analysis for pre-accident human errors and solve some items to be improved using the suggested guidance.

폐결핵으로 오인된 SIADH를 동반한 편평상피 세포폐암 1예

김순제,류하근,김선두,이길도,박봉안,류주성,유재등,김인숙,신현준,문언수 대한노인병학회 1999 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.3 No.4

DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEGRATED RISK ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK FOR INTERNAL/EXTERNAL EVENTS AND ALL POWER MODES

Yang, Joon-Eon Korean Nuclear Society 2012 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.44 No.5

From the PSA point of view, the Fukushima accident of Japan in 2011 reveals some issues to be re-considered and/or improved in the PSA such as the limited scope of the PSA, site risk, etc. KAERI (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) has performed researches on the development of an integrated risk assessment framework related to some issues arisen after the Fukushima accident. This framework can cover the internal PSA model and external PSA models (fire, flooding, and seismic PSA models) in the full power and the low power-shutdown modes. This framework also integrates level 1, 2 and 3 PSA to quantify the risk of nuclear facilities more efficiently and consistently. We expect that this framework will be helpful to resolve the issue regarding the limited scope of PSA and to reduce some inconsistencies that might exist between (1) the internal and external PSA, and (2) full power mode PSA and low power-shutdown PSA models. In addition, KAERI is starting researches related to the extreme external events, the risk assessment of spent fuel pool, and the site risk. These emerging issues will be incorporated into the integrated risk assessment framework. In this paper the integrated risk assessment framework and the research activities on the emerging issues are outlined.

BONE RESPONSE OF THREE DIFFERENT SURFACE IMPLANTS : HISTOMORPHOMETRIC, PERIO TEST VALUE AND RESONANCE FREQUENCY ANALYSIS IN BEAGLE DOGS

Choi, Joon-Eon,Suh, Kyu-Won,Lee, In-Ku,Ryu, Jae-Jun,Shin, Sang-Wan The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics 2007 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.45 No.3

Statement of problem. The intial stability for osseointegration of implant has been an interesting factor. Especially, in the case of poor bone quality or immediately loaded implant, various strategies have been developed focusing on the surface of materials to improve implant fixation to bone. The microscopic properties of implant surfaces play a major role in the osseous healing of dental implants. Purpose. The aims of this study are to perform a histologic and histomorphometric comparison of the healing characteristics of three different surfaces and the comparison of resonance frequency analysis (RFA) values measured by $Osstell^{TM}$ and perio-test values (PTV) measured by Periotest. Material and methods. A total of 24 screw titanium implants (Dentium Co., Seoul, Korea) with 6mm in length and 3.4mm in diameter, were placed in the mandible of 4 beagle dogs. Implants were divided into three groups following the surface treatment methods: Group I is machined(control group). Group II is anodically oxidized. Group III is coated 500nm in thickness with hydroxyapatite(HA) by ion beam assisted deposition(IBAD) on the anodized oxidization. Bone blocks from 2 dogs were caught after 3 weeks of covered healing and another blocks from 2 dogs after 6 weeks. RFA values and PTV were measured right after insertion and at 3 and 6weeks. Histomorphometric analysis was made with Kappa Image Base System to calculate bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area inside the threads. Pearson's correlation analyses were performed to evaluate the correlation between RFA and PTV, BIC and bone area ratio of three different surfaces at 3 and 6 weeks. Results. 1) In all surface treatment methods, the RFA values decreased and the PTV values increased until 6 weeks in comparison to initial values. 2) At 3 weeks, no significant difference was found from bone-to-implant contact ratio and bone area ratio of three different surface treatment methods(P>0.05). However, at 6 weeks, different surface treatment methods showed significantly different bone-toimplant contact ratio and bone area ratio(P<0.05). 3) In the implants with the IBAD on the anodic oxidization, significant difference was found between the 3 weeks and the 6 weeks bone area ratio(P<0.05). 4) Correlation was found between the RFA values and the bone area ratio at 3 and 6 weeks with significant difference(P<0.05). Conclusions. These results indicate that the implants with the IBAD on the anodic oxidization may have a high influence on the initial stability of implant.