現實適用 數學科 敎育課程 改善에 關한 硏究

강신웅,이종배 弘益大學校 人文科學硏究所 2002 人文科學 Vol.10 No.-

The purpose of the study is to identify the realistic mode of thinking and to improve mathematics education in school through enhancing “mathematizing” of the learner along with developing realistic mathematics curriculum. It is imperative that “realistic” problem-solving has far more necessity than any other mathematical activity for human being The study concluded four major points as the following: First, the recognition about the math must be altered. Math is not the accomplished one in existence but it needs the conversion of basic thinking about math that is used in learners’ real life. Secondly, math education should have mathematizing. In the circumstance of life and mathematical thinking, it is not only induced interests in math, but also agreed with learners’ mind through a chain of process which extracts, unites, expands and deepens common concepts or the structure of ideas to a new step. Thirdly, math education curriculum must turn into realistic curriculum. In the study pursuing mathematical activities, an education curriculum has to organization for realistic. Fourthly, various methods of teaching and learning should be developed. Under the condition of teaching and learning that applies mathematical activities, there should be no rigid formality. It is a math teacher’s duty to study and master various methods of teaching and learning for applying the way on right time after considering enough learners’ present situation. Lastly, it is asked to develop questions that are applied to practical use. The more goes to an upper class, the more maths’s abstraction is deepened. So these conditions are not remarkably enough to make questions based on the central idea for reality. A Mathematician and math teacher should study from every angle to develop questions, which are reflected in an realistic curriculum. Also they have to make an effort to develop abilities connected with the study in a teacher’s college education as well. Realistic curriculum will surely contribute to renew the mathematical and analytical thinking in promoting the quality of life for the future.

질산술코나졸겔의 제조 및 약물방출에 관한 연구

현종목,김경국,지웅길 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1996 藥學論文集 Vol.12 No.-

Sulconazole nitrate(SCN), an imidazole derivative which has been effective in the treatment of dermatophytosis, tinea versicolor and candidiasis, was formulated as a gel containing drug, poloxamer 407, ethanol and propylene glycol. The resulting SCN gels were evaluated with respect to their viscosity, drug release rate, skin permeation rate. The apparent viscosity of SCN gel increased in proportion to poloxamer 407, drug and propylene glycol concentration. In case ethanol was added, the apparent viscosity decreased. The drug release rate of SCN gel increased in proportion to temperature and ethanol concentration. But the drug release rate decreased as the concentration of poloxamer 407 increased. The increase of drug concentration induced nonlinear increase of drug release rate. When propylene glycol was added at the level of 10%, the drug release rate increased but from 15% it decreased. The skin permeation rate decreased in high concentration of poloxamer 407. The skin permeation rate of SCN gel containing 15% ethanol increased about twice than that of gel without ethanol. The increase of drug concentration induced nonlinear increase of skin permeation rate. When propylene glycol was added at the level of 10%, the skin permeation rate increased but from 15% it decreased.

행동수정요법과 유산소운동이 중년기비만 여성의 혈청지질에 미치는 영향

남청웅,고영완,김종언 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.6

The purpose of this study was conducted to investigate the effect of the aerobics exercise and combined with behavior modification therapy on blood lipids level in obese middle-aged women. The 32 obese middle-aged women volunteers over 30% BMI were assigned to the aerobic exercise group(n=8), behavior modification therapy group(n=8), and aerobics exercise and combined with behavior modification therapy(n=8) or to a control group(n=8). To achieve presribed intervention for 16weeks, the experiment groups was bicycle ergometer and behavior modification therapy. Related materials were analyzed through one-way ANOVA, twoway ANOVA, and SNK-Test by using SPSS 10.0/PC+. The results of TC, TG, LDL-C, and % TC/HDL-C was significant decreased in experimental group, and the control group was no significant differences. Four groups were significant differences except to TG and the changes of HDL-C was significant increased in experimental group, and the control group was no significant differences. Four groups were significant differences. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that aerobic exercise, behavior modification, and aerobics exercise & combined with behavior modification is effective in changing blood lipids level in obese middle-agd women during 16 weeks.

그리드 연관성을 이용한 지능로봇용 환경 지도 형상의 신뢰성 향상에 관한 연구

임종환,이세진,강철웅 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2005 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.16 No.2

This paper addresses a new feature map building method that can minimizes the appearance of phantom features by using only sparse sonar data. The approach is composed of extraction of features and building a probability grid map using only the footprint of sparse sonar data, estimation of position uncertainty of the feature, and evaluation of the reliable features. A virtual circle association frame model has been developed, which associates two sonar footprints into a virtual circle frame. Using this model, geometric primitives such as line, point, or arc features are separately extracted. While extracting the feature, a grid map is also built using the orientation probability approach. Position uncertainty of each extracted feature is, then, estimated by considering both the position uncertainty of the robot and the measurement uncertainty of the sonar sensor. Finally, the reliable features among all extracted ones are evaluated from grid association method. The proposed methods have been tested in a real home environment with a mobile robot.

리코더를 이용한 합주문헌 개발

이종웅 대구교육대학교 2004 論文集 Vol.39 No.-

복령 배양 균사체의 항종양 성분 분리

임웅규,함종천 서울大學校 農業生命科學大學 農業開發硏究所 1996 서울대농학연구지 Vol.21 No.2

확장칼만필터 기반 무인잠수정 항법의 성능평가

임종환,강철웅 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2004 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.15 No.2

This paper presents extended Kalman filter based navigation performances of an autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV). The system is composed of a mother ship (small unmanned marine prober) on the surface of the water and an unmanned underwater vehicle in the water. The mother ship is equipped with a digital compass and a GPS for position information, and extended Kalman filter is used for position estimation. For the localization of the AUV, we used only non-inertial sensors such as a digital compass, a pressure sensor, a clinometer and ultrasonic sensors. From the orientation and velocity information, a priori position of the AUV is estimated by applying the dead reckoning method. A posteriori position of the AUV is, then, updated by using the distance between the AUV and a mother ship on the surface of the water together with the depth information from the pressure sensor. The performances of the navigation system has been estimated in various situations through sets of simulations.

데이터 연관 필터를 이용한 자율이동로봇의 환경지도 작성

임종환,이유철,강철웅 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2005 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.16 No.2

This paper describes a method of building the probability grid map for an autonomous mobile robot using the ultrasonic DAF(data association filter). The DAF, which evaluates the association of each datum with the rest and removes the data affected by the specular reflection effect, can improve the reliability of the data for the probability grid map. This method is based on the evaluation of possibility that the acquired data are all from the same object. Namely, the data from specular reflection have very few possibilities of detecting the same object, so that they are excluded from the data cluster during the process of the DAF. Therefore, the uncertain data corrupted by the specular reflection and/or multi-path effect, are not used to update the probability map, and hence building a good quality of a grid map is possible even in a specular environment. In order to verify the effectiveness of the DAF, it was applied to the Bayesian model and the orientation probability model which are the typical ones of a grid map. We demonstrate the experimental results using an real mobile robot in a real world.

백서 해마에서 카이닌산 유도 경련에 의한 JNK 경유 신호전달경로 활성화의 발달 단계에 따른 변화

김종흔,정희연,노명선,안용민,강웅구,김용식,조수철 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.5

연구목적 : 어린 백서의 해마에서 전기경련충격(electroconvulsive shock, ECS) 후 활성화되는 것으로 알려져 있는 MAPK계 신호전달경로가 카이닌산(Kainic acid, KA)에 의한 경련 후 어떤 양상으로 활성화되는 지를 초기 발달 단계에 따라서 관찰하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 생후 7일, 14일, 21일 된 어린 백서와 성년 백서의 해마에서 면역블롯 방법으로 MAPK계 효소의 인산화 효소 중 하나인 SAPK/ERK kinase-1(SEK-1), MAPK계 효소인 c-Jun N terminal protein kinase(JNK), 전사인자 c-Jun 및 조기유전자 단백질 Fos의 단백질 양과 기저 인산화를 측정하였고, 백서에게 KA를 주사하여 경련을 유발한 후 위 단백질들의 인산화 변화의 양상을 같은 방법으로 관찰하였다. 결 과 : SEK-1, JNK, c-Jun 모두 연령 증가에 따른 단백질 양 자체에는 변화가 없었다. JNK와 c-Jun은 기저 인산화의 양적 변화도 없었으나 SEK-1의 경우 기저 인산화 양이 생후 7일에 가장 높고 이후 연령이 높아짐에 따라 감소하였다. JNK의 경우 KA 주사 후 인산화 변화 양상이 관찰되지 않았으나 SEK-1과 c-Jun은 생후 14일부터 연령의 증가와 함께 인산화 양도 증가하였다. Fos 역시 생후 7일부터 발현되어 연령의 증가와 함께 발현양이 증가하였다. 결 론 : 백서 해마에서의 MAPK계 신호전달계의 성숙은 연령의 증가에 따라, 또 신호전달 물질에 따라 차이를 보였다. KA 유도 경련 후 JNK는 생후 21일까지도 활성화가 되지 않는 것으로 보아, 세포주에서 알려진 SEK-1 - JNK-c-Jun - Fos로 연결되는 신호전달 경로가 어린 백서의 해마에서는 적용될 수 없음을 시사한다. Objective : We observed the developmental pattern of activation of MAPK signal transduction pathways known to be activated by eletroconvulsive shock(ECS) in young rat hippocampus after kainic acid(KA)-induced seizure. Methods : We used the method of immunoblotting for examining the basal protein amount and basal level of phosphorylation of MAPK kinase(SAPK/ERK kinase -1, SEK-1), MAPK(c-Jun N terminal protein kinase, JNK), transcription factor(c-Jun) and immediate early gene proteins(Fos) in rat hippocampus at postnatal day 7, 14 and 21, respectively. We also examined the changes of phosphorylation of those proteins after kainic acid-induced seizure in the same way. Results : The basal protein amounts of SEK-1, JNK, and c-Jun did not show age-dependent changes and basal level of phosphorylation of JNK and c-Jun remains unchanged throughout the early developmental period. The basal level of phosphorylation of SEK-1 was peaked at postnatal 7 days and then decreased with aging. After kainic acid-induced seizure, the change of phosphorylation of JNK was not observed but those of SEK-1 and c-Jun increased after postnatal day 14. The expression of Fos was observed at postnatal day 7 and also increased with aging. Conclusion : These results show that the MAPK signal transduction system in rat hippocampus matures in accordance with aging, but the process of maturation differs depending specific proteins. This study suggests the signal transduction cascade(SEK-1 - JNK - c-Jun - Fos) which is well established in cell line studies may not be applied to rat hipposcampus because we could not observe the activation of JNK after KA-induced seizure in young rat hippocampus.

農藥과 環境과의 關係 : 農藥使用量 推移 및 農藥販賣商에 關하여 Agricultural chemical use and status of agricultural chemical dealers

金吉雄,林鍾聲 경북대학교 1981 새마을 硏究論叢 Vol.1 No.-

In order to understand the interrelationship of agricultural chemical consumption with environment, the preliminary study was conducted to evaluate consumption of the agricultural chemicals in Korea and the present status of agricultural chemical dealers in Daegu city, emphasizing specially on qualification and academic background. The agricultural chemicals consumed in 1975 was 8,618.8 ton(a.i) and increased upto 14,454.2 ton(a.i.) in 1979, showing approximately an increase of 1.7 times during five years period. The academic background of managers working in the agricultural chemical dealers was mostly high school graduates and only 5.7% of them was agricultural college graduates in Daegu city as of December, 1981.