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鄭丞根,金洪殷,李喆求,李明煥 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1989 農業科學硏究 Vol.7 No.2
This experiment was conducted to screen useful herbicides for Populus euramericana Gainer nur-sery at the Chungbuk Forestry Experiment Station in 1988. Soil surface treatment of 11 herbicides was made on May 19 after planting Populus euraneicana G. cuttings. Digitaria sanguinalis(L.) Scopp, Chenopodium album var. centrorubrum Makino, Portulaca oleracea L., Eleusine indica(L.) Gaertner and Echinochloa crusagali (L.) Beauv. var. praticola Ohwi were dominant weeds in the nursery. Among herbicides tested, alachlor G, alachlor+pendimethalin G, Metolachlor+prometryn EC and oxyfluorfen EC were effective to control both grasses and broad-leaf weeds effectively, but the falter two chemicals resulted in severe damage to Populus euramericana. The growth of cuttings measured by basal diameter and height showed no significant difference among treatments and he-rbicides except oxyfluorfen. Significant correlations were observed between weed coverage 2 weeks after herbicide treatment and number of weeds 1 month and 3 months after herbicide treatment. Also, number of weeds after 1 month was significantly correlated with that of 3 months after herbicide treatment.
中世造形에서 보이는 服飾表現 : Gothic 時代를 中心으로 CHIEFLY ON THE GOTHIC AGE
崔鍾鳴,朴春順 충남대학교 교육대학원 1983 碩士學位論文集 Vol.1 No.-
The form of arts chiefly in the Cathedral architecture from the 13th to the 15th century is generally called Gothic arts. The characteristics of Gothic arts were the rational composition and functional decorations emphasizing the effects of perpendicularity, and the characterics of the architecture were pointed arch, ribbed vault, and stained glass. The interior space of the structure was a religious one expressed by reason and concerns to human being, and it has the effects of creating the kingdom of gods. The rich sculpture of human being in the structure showed the love and respect for individual human being. As Medieval ages were ruled by the Christianity, the subjects of painting, sculpture and stained glass were Christianly, too. then what were the costume styles in time? The expression and the plastic arts of the costume specially in Gothic age were studied in this thesis. The costume of Gothic age, like its architecture with abstract moulding spirit of Northern People, was keen and cubic and very colorful like stained glass. They wore cotte and surcot in the 13th century, and they showed the contrast between simple cotte and decorative surcot. In the 14th century as there came a partial color costume, mi-partis and the embroidered costume, the expression of beauty in this age's costume became gaudy. In the costume cotardie there appeared the tippet which gave the ornaments to the traditional simple tight sleeves, and thus expression of the Gothic arts appeared to that of the costume. In the end of the 14th century houpplande which fitted loose was very popular. As the sleeves of houpplande were very wide and long to be dragged to the ground, they became the expression of only the decoration place beyond their practical purposes. In the leg dress, chausses, the color and fashions of them in both right and left legs were different and some of them had splendid patterns. In the 15th century after the exaggerated expression in houpplande disappeared gradually, the robe appeared. In along conic hennin the feeling of acute angle of the Gothic structure appeared clearly. As the colorful Gothic arts developed from the complicated Medieval culture reflected directly the life of the Medieval people, the stream of that time's sprit flowed in the form, material and decoration of the costume. Consequently as the plastic arts and costumes had organic relation each other the acute angled silhouette in architecture, naturalism in sculpture and the rich color in stained glass were expressed clearly in their costumes.
이종석,이종철,김명웅,최순복,김영길,유은일 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.1
The whole process of manufacturing diabatic leather for upper and lining is investigated into raw skin, pelt wet bule, crust leather and finished leather It is tried to make the more functional upper leather and lining leather in the whole leather process by the use of developed recipr. The lower chrommed wet blue for upper and lining is developed through tanning process. The air-permeability of crust leather for upper and lining is incerased through miling The hygiene of finished leather for upper and lining is increased by the of antibacterial and deodorization agents. The upper leathe and lining leather through these have the more improved physical properies of the finished leather than those through other treatments.
기관지천식 환자의 정신신체의학적 특성 : Focused on Alexithymia 감정표현불능증을 중심으로
이종명,김상헌,임효덕 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.1
본 연구는 감정표현불능증적 성격 경향이 정신신체질환을 가진 환자들의 고유한 성격적 특성인지를 알아보기위해, 단일 신체 질환인 기관지천식 환자군에서 지금까지 알려진 여러 가지 도구들을 사용하여 감정표현 불능증을 중심으로 한 정신신체의학적 특성들을 확인해보고자 하였다. 정상군(30명), 기관지천식 환자(30명), 정신분열증 환자(30명) 그리고 신경증 환자(33명)를 대상으로 하여 각 장애를 가진 환자들의 감정표현불능증적 경향을 알아보기 위하여 정신의학적 면담과 BIQ, MMPI-A, TAS, 주제통각검사를 실시하였고, 각 군의 특징적인 성격 경향 그리고 내재하는 정신병리를 확인하기 위하여 MMPI와 SCL-90-R을 시행하였다. MMPI와 SCL-90-R에서 각 군은 정상 범위안에 있었는데, 신경증 환자군의 정신병리의 수준이 가장 높았고 정상군이 가장 낮았다. 기관지천식 환자군과 정신분열증 환자군은 양 극단 사이의 중간 수준을 보여주었다. BIQ 평균점수에서 기관지천식 환자군이 정상군에 비해 유의하게 높았으며(p<0.05), 다른 군간에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. MMPI-A 평균점수 및 TAS 전체 합산 점수 모두에서 각 군은 정상군과 유의한 차이가 없었다. 주제통각검사에서 신경증 환자군은 가장 많은 정동 어휘를 기록하였지만 정상군과는 유의한 차이가 없었는데 비해, 기관지천식 환자군과 정신분열증군 환자군보다 유의하게 많은 정동 어휘 수를 기록하였다(p<0.0001). 즉 기관지천식 환자군은 감정표현불능증적 경향이 주제통각검사에서는 신경증 환자군에 비해서 유의하게 많고(p<0.001), BIQ에서는 정상군에 비해서 유의하게 많은 것으로 나타났으나(p<0.05), TAS, MMPI-A 검사 상에서는 정상군을 포함한 다른 대조군들과 유의하게 구분되지 않았다. 이러한 소견에 따라 본 연구는 감정표현불능증이 기관지천식 환자군만의 특징적 성격 특성이라는 추정에 대한 확실한 답을 얻지는 못하였지만, BIQ는 정상군과 정신신체질환군을 변별하는 데, 그리고 주제통각검사는 신경증군과 정신신체질환군간의 관계를 변별하는 데에는 유용함을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 대상의 수가 적고 보다 다양한 정신신체질환을 대상으로 하지 못하였다는 제한점을 가지고 있지만, 다음과 같은 4가지 연구 방향을 결론 내릴 수 있을 것이다. 첫째 향후 정신신체의학 연구에 있어서 다양한 집단 속에 존재하는 감정표현불능증을 감별해내는 데 있어서 각 도구들이 가진 특정한 변별 특이성을 고려하여 단일 도구가 아닌 각 도구들의 집합체를 종합적으로 이용해야 할 필요성, 둘째 향후의 연구로서 대규모 임상연구에 의한 정신신체질환과 정신병적 상태와의 관련성에 관한 연구, 셋째 외국 검사 도구들의 국내 임상에의 적용 과정에서 보다 철저한 신뢰도 및 타당도 검증과 한국화에 대한 연구 그리고 국내 독창적인 도구의 개발, 넷째 감정표현불능증적 경향이 실재로 정신신체질환에만 특정적으로 존재하는 성격적 소인이 아닐 가능성과 이런 방향으로의 국내 정신신체의학 연구 등이 그것이다. 앞으로 다양한 정신신체질환에서 감정표현불능증과 다른 정신과적 질환과의 관계에 대한 다각도의 연구와 함께 한국적인 상황에서 감정표현불능증을 평가하는 보다 신뢰성 있고 타당성 있는 도구의 개발이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. This study is designed to evaluate psychosomatic characteristics, especially alexithymic tendency, of the patients with bronchial asthma and to determine whether alexithymia is a unique personality characteristic of the patient with classical psychosomatic disorder, using various methods developed for measurement of alexithymia. Thirty normal healthy persons, thirty patients with extrinsic bronchial asthma, thirty schizophrenic patients, and thirty-three neurotic patients were studied to assess differences in alexithymic tendency using the methods of thirty minute psychiatric interview, BIQ, MMPI-A, TAS and TAT. They were also assessed by MMPI and SCL-90-R to evaluate general personality traits and underlying psychopathology. All the groups were in the normal range of the scores of MMPI and SCL-90-R. The neurotic patients showed the highest level of psychopathology, and the normal group the lowest in both inventories. Bronchial asthma and schizophrenic patients, were between the highest and the lowest extremes of the scores. The mean score of BIQ in the bronchial asthma group was significantly higher than that in the normal group(p<0.05) and no difference was found among the other groups. The mean scores of MMPI_A and the total scores of TAS showed no difference among all the groups. In TAT the neurotic patients scored the highest in affect word counts and showed significantly higher counts than ther bronchial asthma patients and schizophrenic patients(p<0.0001), while they showed no significant difference with normal persons. That is, in TAT the group of bronchial asthma had more alexithymic tendency than that of the neurotic patients(p<0.0001), and in BIQ it had more alexithymic tendency than that of normal(p<0.05). Bronchial asthma patients were found to express less emotional words than normal persons and neurotic patients, but were not differentiated any more from groups of the schizophrenic, neurotic, and normal by TAS and MMPI-A. The authors with the inconsistent results of this study, could not confirm the assumption that alexithymia is the personality characteristic of patients with classical psychosomatic disease. But we found that BIQ was useful in discriminating between the groups of normal and psychosomatic disease, and TAT was useful in discriminating between the groups of neurosis and psychosomatic disease with alexithymia construct. This study has some limitations in the number of subjects and the diversity of psychosomatic diseases, but in spite of those limitations the findings of this study suggest some considerations are needed for further investigation. They are as follows: First of all, a study on the need of the combination of multiple tools in consideration of the specific discriminating ability of each tool ; secondly, a clinical study on the relationship between pychosomatic diseases and the psychotic state in a large population ; thirdly, a study on the applications of foreign tools in the Korean culture and on the problem of the validity and reliability of such tools ; and a study is needed on the possibilities that alexithymic tendecy is not a specific predisposing factor of personalities with psychosomatic disorder. It is thought that more variegated studies on the relationships between diverse psychosomatic diseases and alexithymia, and on the development of reliable tools with validity in the measurement of alexithymia in the context of the Korean culture should be taken in further investigations.
하종명 진주여자전문대학 1995 論文集 Vol.18 No.-
It appears that low levels of commitment are largely dysfunctional for both the individual and the organization : individual career advancement may be severely hampered, while the organization may suffer from an unstable, disloyal work force. The advantages of moderate levels of commitment generally outweigh the disadvantages. The work force is more stable and satisfied without being consumed by the organization. Individuals are able to adjust to behavioral settings by varying their degrees of commitment according to the perceived attractiveness and the requirements of the settings. At high levels of commitment, it appears that the costs of commitment outweigh the advantages. Individuals may advance more rapildly in their careers, and the organization's production demands may be met with greater ease. In brief, the commonly assumed linear relationship between commitment and desirable consequences should be questioned. An inverted U-shaped curve between thse variables with an apes at a moderate level of commitment may be a more accurate description of the relationship. Individual and organizational needs appear to be in balance with moderate levels of commitment.
구기운동선수들의 손목의 등속성 운동에 의한 최대근력과 평균순발력 및 근지구력의 비교분석
최명종 명지대학교 예체능연구소 1996 藝體能論集 Vol.7 No.-
The purpose of this study is to compatative analyze the wrist flexion and the exetenion peak torque, the average power and the muscle endurance during the isokinetic exercise by ballgame(vollyball, basketball, and tennis) athletes using the MERAC(Musculo skeletal Evaluation Rehabilitation and Conditioning). The nine college athletes who are three vollyball, three basketball, and three tennis athletes, participate the designed the isokinetic exercise tasks. The results of this study are following 1. The flexion peak torque for the right-wrist of the vollyball athletes is 29.67±7.64 N·m and the left-wrist of the vollyball athletes is 28.67±5.58 N·m, the right-wrist of the basketball athletes is 19.00±4.00 N·m and the left-wrist of the basketball athletes is 10.66±2.31 N·m, and the right-wrist of the tennis athletes is 14.33±0.58 N·m and the left-wrist of the tennis athletes is 11.33±5.86 N·m. According to this data, there is a significant difference (p<.05). The extension peak torque for the right-wrist of the vollyball athletes is 9.00±2.08 N·m and the left-wrist of the vollyball athletes is 6.67±2.52 N·m, the right-wrist of the basketball athletes is 7.33±2.31 N·m and the left-wrist of the basketball athletes is 6.33±3.06 N·m, and the right-wrist of the tennis athletis is 5.00±2.00 N·m and the left-wrist of the tennis athletes is 2.00±1.73 N·m. According to this data, there is no significant difference(p<.05). 2. The average power for the right-wrist of the vollyball athletes is 39.50±12.90 W and the left-wrist of the vollyball athletes is 32.30±13.92 W, the right-wrist of the basketball athletes is 14.04±12.92 W and the left-wrist of the basketball athletes is 9.60±4.44 W, and the right-wrist of the tennis athletes is 8.73±3.33 W and the left-wrist of the tennis athletes is 8.48±7.47 W. According to this data, there is a significant difference(p<.05). The average power for the right-wrist of-the vollyball athletes is 11.67±1.75 W and the left-wrist of the vollyball athletes is 5.76±4.82 W, the right-wrist of the basketball athletes is 7.15±4.71 W and the left-wrist of the basketball athletes is 2.55±1.65 W, and the right-wrist of the tennis athletes is 4.65±3.64 W and the left-wrist of the tennis athletes is 2.20±1.24 W. According to this data, there is no significant difference(p<.05). 3. In the muscle endurance, the vollyball athletes appear to have the strongest the muscle endurance both the right and left-wrists. The basketball athletes are the second and the tennis athletes are the last.
무용전공 여자대학생의 건강에 대한 지식, 태도 및 행위에 관한 연구
박종성,김명자,유영규 명지대학교 예체능연구소 2002 藝體能論集 Vol.13 No.-
The purpose of this survey was to investigate health education level of women college students major in dance from health knowledge, health attitude and health behavior aspect, the questionnaire survey was carried out for 320 students of 4 universities of seven other areas respectively. Questionnaire contents covered smoking, drinking alcohol, irradiation by X-ray, cause of cancer, fatigue and necessity of physical examination. The result of the survey showed as follows; 1, 67% of total students responded with proper health knowledge. It showed that the health knowledge more higher level than health attitude and behavior aspects. 2. 54% of total students responded with right health attitude. It showed that the health attitude more higher level than behavior aspects. 3. 52% of total students responded with right behavior aspects. It showed that the behavior aspects smallest level than health knowledge and health attitude. 4. It appeared that inter-relation between health knowledge, attitude and behavior aspects showed a statistically significant difference (P<01).
이종목,김영명 東亞大學校附設스포츠科學硏究所 1996 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.14 No.-
The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual condition analysis and developmental direction about the taekwondo education of national sport by elementary teachers. The conclusion obtained from this study were as follows; 1. The fifth, sixth grades of elementary teachers were 7.5% over one year for the Taekwondo training experience, who were had 3.7% a grade-holder, coaching was hardly 7.5% teachers. 2. Professional physical education teacher assigned cause was able to the coaching taekwondo of 77.3% teachers, professional physical education teacher assigned school was 27.5% elementary school. 3. The taekwondo of national sport and olympic official event assigned were known in each 88.8%, 92.5%, 85.0% teachers, but they're claimed that taekwondo was include physical education in course of education by 93.7% teachers. and They are understand only 50.0% teachers really understanding taekwondo. 4. The taekwondo education aims was reach only the 50.0% teachers. 5. The taekwondo education was except regular curriculum of course in activity club(5.0%), activity special(3.8%), that being so teaching attained the 78.4% by invitation or emeritus teachers.
河宗明,金琪訓 진주여자전문대학 1993 論文集 Vol.16 No.-
Modern hotels have grown bigger in those sizes and have made a high class in those facilities in the social, economic changes recently. Hotel management is given much more weigh food & beverage sale than room service department. accouding to situation, the sucess or failure of F & B business is determined by kind service of employees, food qualty, and atmosphere which gives consideration of customer preference, good facilities for coffee shop as well as by the accurate market analysis and positive activity of sales promotion. Therefore, the result of this study is as following ; 1. In the menu planning, it is required that are rational menu management, good location, and good facilities management. 2. In the menu pricing, it is considered that are customer' needs, sales cost, and competition of hotel. 3. In the menu pricing, it is required that are customer's orieted menu development and profit.