일제강점기 역사소설의 세 양상

박종홍(Park Jong-hong) 우리말글학회 2012 우리말 글 Vol.56 No.-

본고에서는 발생 동인에 의거하여 일제강점기 한국 역사소설의 세 양상을 구체적으로 살펴보면서 각 양상 내에서 개별 작가 간의 차이점도 아울러 살펴보았다. 이런 작업은 당시 역사소설의 전체적인 면모를 충실히 파악하는데 기여할 뿐만 아니라, 균형 잡힌 시야로 개별 작품의 의미를 충실히 파악할 수 있도록 하는데도 기여할 것이다. 먼저 연의적 동인의 역사소설이라 할 수 있는 이광수와 박종화의 작품은 공통적으로 왕실과 조정의 역사적 유명인물을 주인공으로 삼아 관찬사료에 의거해 주류적인 사건을 전개하면서 민족의식을 고취하고자 하였다. 그러면서도 이광수의 역사소설이 역사의 윤리화를 통해 허무의식에 빠져들고 있다면, 박종화의 역사소설은 역사의 심리화를 통해 역사의 진실성을 훼손시키고 있었다. 그리고 상업적 동인의 역사소설이라 할 수 있는 김동인과 윤백남의 작품은 왕실과 조정의 역사적 유명인물뿐만 아니라 허구적 무명인물이 주도적 역할을 함으로써 관찬의 역사를 비판적으로 재해석하거나 야담에 의거하여 허구적 사건을 전개하여 독자의 관심을 끌고자 하였다. 이것들은 민족주의 이념에 무관심하다는 점에서 연의적 동인의 역사소설과 뚜렷이 변별된다. 그렇지만 김동인의 역사소설이 역사를 개성화하여 상업화의 한계를 어느 정도 벗어나고 있다면, 윤백남의 역사소설은 역사를 대중화하여 봉건 체제의 부당성을 소박하게 고발하는데 머물고 있었다. 마지막으로 민중자각적 동인의 역사소설이라 할 수 있는 현진건과 홍명희의 작품은 민중이나 민중적인 영웅을 주인공으로 삼아 관찬 사료의 구속에서 벗어난 허구적 사건이나 시정의 생활상을 주로 보여주면서 모순된 현실을 적극적으로 극복하려 하고 있었다. 그러면서도 현진건의 역사소설이 낭만적 초월 속에서 역사를 현재화하고 있다면, 홍명희의 역사소설은 현재의 전사로서 역사를 풍속화하고 있었다. 이를 통해 발생 동인에 의거한 일제강점기 한국 역사소설의 세 양상속에서 개별 작가에 따라 다르게 역사가 소설화되는 여섯 가지 경우를 확인할 수 있었다. On this paper, Korean historical novels were categorized into three apperances. They were carefully looked into through the novels of Lee Kwang-Soo, Park Jong-Hwa, Kim Dong-In, Yoon Baek-Nam, Hyun Jin-Gun, and Hong Myeong-Hee. At the same time, the differences of each authors were also compared. First of all, Lee Kwang-Soo and Park Jong-Hwa, under the category of popular history, both chose a historical figure as the protagonist and unfolded events according to historical facts, and through this tried to arouse national consciousness. However, although Lee Kwang-Soo shows a nihilistic attitude by historical moralization, Park Jong-Hwa was damaging the truthfulness of history by psychologically analyzing it. As of Kim Dong-In and Yoon Baek-Nam, under commercial novels, their works are led by not only historical figures but also low-class unknowns, and history is critically reinterpreted or sometimes fabricated events are unfolded, thus did not pay interest to the political ideology of the time. Whereas Kim Dong-In personalizes history and exceeds the limitations of commercialization, Yoon Baek-Nam"s works stayed at the democratizational level. Finally, enlightening historical novels such as the works of Hyun Jin-Gun and Hong Myeong-Hee has the people as protagonists, unfolds events and lives that are made up, and actively tried to overcome the contradictory reality. As Hyun Jin-Gun"s works tried to make present of the history through romantic transcendency, Hong Myung-Hee tried to concretely depict the customs.

Failure with Strain Localization of Aluminum Alloy 7075 Sheets at Elevated Temperature and its Application to Two-Step Hybrid Forming

Jong‑Hwa Hong,Hyunki Kim,Wonjae Kim,Yong‑Nam Kwon,Daeyong Kim 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.4

In this work, the onset of failure induced by severe strain at elevated temperature was numerically estimated with crossformedempirical hardening law describing material softening. The hardening law can replicate the rate-sensitive behaviorof aluminum alloy 7075 sheets (thickness of 2.0 mm) with initial hardening and progressive material deterioration causedby dynamic recrystallization, dynamic recovery, and micro-void development. The characterized material was applied to thetwo-step hybrid forming process consisting of a drawing at 400 °C followed by a pneumatic forming at 470 °C to produce ashock absorber housing with an extremely complex shape. The user-defined subroutine codes, VUMAT (ABAQUS/Explicit)and UMAT (ABAQUS/Standard), were sequentially utilized for the drawing and the pneumatic forming, respectively. Theidentified hardening parameters based on uniaxial tensile tests were validated by simulating the two-step hybrid formingprocess and compared with the conventional Voce type law (converging function) and the combined Swift-Voce type law(ever-increasing function) since they play a key role in accurately predicting the onset of failure induced by severe strainlocalization. Finally, simulation results are reasonably well matched with experiments in terms of the moment of failureoccurrence, failure location, final blank shape, and thickness distribution.

남성유방에 발생한 지방육종

최종범,임성철,기근홍,전호종,서재홍 대한병리학회 1992 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.26 No.3

Oil Contents and Fatty Acid Composition of Korean Perilla (Perilla ocimoides L.) Collections

Hong,Seong-Taek,Son,Suk-Yeong,Jong,Seung-keun,Rho,Chang-Woo,Yun,Jong-Sun 한국자원식물학회 2003 Plant Resources Vol.6 No.3

This study was carried out to obtain informations on the variations of oil content and fatty acid composition among 90 Korean perilla collections. Average oil content of 90 perilla collections was 44.2% with a range from 29.7% to 61.9%. Perilla collections with late-maturing, super-large seed and gray seed coat showed higher oil content than other types in general. Average saturated fatty acid content in perilla oil was 9.0% with a range from 8.2% to 10.7%, while average unsaturated fatty acid content varied from 89.3% to 91.8% with a mean of 91.0%. Contents of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were not related to maturity. There were no differences in the contents of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids according to maturity. Linoleic acid and linolenic acid contents were the highest in the super large-sized group(15.5%) and in the large-sized seed group(61.4%), respectively, while contents of fatty acids among the perilla collections were variable with different seed coat colors. Most of the traits studied were not significantly correlated with oil content, but linoleic acid($\omega$ 수식 이미지-6) content was negatively correlated (r=-0.217*) with linolenic acid(ω-3) content.

經穴의 艾灸生體反應이 失血性貧血에 미치는 影響

李殷洪,박인규,임종국,김진택 東國大學校韓醫學硏究所 1992 東國韓醫學硏究所論文集 Vol.1 No.-

In order to observe the effects of moxibustion on anemic condition as a acute loss of blood, white rats were induced loss of blood by cadiac puncture. And then morphologically variation of The Bone Marrow was observed the following points of each rat were used : Shinsu(B23 or Ⅶ23), Hyeonjong(GB39 or XI39), and complex of shinsu(B23 or Ⅶ23) and Hyeon Jong(GB39 or XI39) Comparing these above method with the control group the results were as follow: 1. Moxibustion in Shinsu have an influence on activation of Normoblast and do for hematosis function of bone marrow 2. Formation ability of R·B·C(Red Blood Cell)turn up order a list of Mocibustion in Shinsu(B23 or Ⅶ23), Moxibustion in conplex of Shinsu(B23 or Ⅶ23) and Hyeon Jong(GB39 or XI39), moxibus-tion in Hyeon Jong(GB39 or XI39) 3. Moxibustion in complex of Shinsu(B23 or Ⅶ23) and Hyeon Jong(GB39 or XI39) moderately increase Megakaryocyte

VDT작업별 정신사회적 스트레스와 근골격계 장애에 관한 연구

백남종,강종두,주영수,배인근,권호장,박종만,조수헌,김돈규,김재용,최홍렬 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.4

It has been hypothesized that jobs that have both high psychological demands and low decision latitude("job strain") can lead to musculoskeletal disorder. The objective of this study was to test whether job strain was correlated with the presence of work-related musculoskeletal disorder, especially myofascial pain syndrome(MPS). Information on demographic factors, confounders such as household load and taking care of children or not, and scores for decision latitude, job demand, and social support was obtained by self-administered questionnaire, which had been developed in Korean language, by adopting NIOSH instrument and Extended Karasek Model(16 items). All subjects were also examined by rehabilitation medicine specialists for musculoskeletal disorders. Subjects(n=370) could be categorized into 4 groups, these were, housewives(n=89), shipyard CAD workers(n=89), general female workers(n=79; nurses, insurance counselors, public officials, clerks, etc), and telephone directory assistance operators(n=113). Results from univariate analyses indicated that all demographic factors, all confounders, scores for decision latitude and social support were not associated with the risk of musculoskeletal disorder. However, score for job demand was higher in musculoskeletal disorder cases than others. In subgroup analysis, this association was convinced again, in telephone directory assistance operators. Job strain model showed that the group of telephone directory assistance operators was high-stain group, and OR of musculo skeletal disorder was 2.446(95% C. I. : 1.174, 5.096), when comparing this with the low strain group. In conclusion, job strain is a risk factor for work-related musculoskeletal disorder.

한국의 정신분열병 외래 환자의 직ㆍ간접비용

박종익,송선희,서동우,장현종,이종국,장안기,김윤,이철,홍진표 大韓神經精神醫學會 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.3

연구목적 : 정신분열병 외래 환자의 직접 비용과 간접 비용을 추산해 보고, 의료 자원의 적절한 운용과 효과적인 배분을 위한 보건 정책의 기초자료로 사용하고자 한다. 방 법 : 정신분열병 진단을 받은 289명의 환자를 대상으로 6개월간 외래를 방문하면서 사용한 의료비와 시간을 조사하여 직접 비용을 추산하였고, 이 기간 동안 소실된 생산성을 간접 비용으로 환산하였다. 만성질환인 관상동맥 질환을 앓고 있는 환자 82명을 대조군으로 하여 비용을 비교하였다. 결 과 : 정신분열병 환자의 실업률은 72.1%였으며, 직장을 가지고 있는 경우에도 단순노무직의 비율이 64.5%로 매우 높았다. 정신분열병의 직접 비용은 평균 81.5만원으로 관상동맥 질환의 평균 71.5 만원보다 상대적으로 많이 추산되었으나 유의하지는 않았다. 간접 비용은 평균 645.6만원, 258.9 만원으로 정신분열병군이 2.5배 정도 높았다. 결 론 : 정신분열병은 다른 만성질환에 비하여 상대적으로 매우 고비용이 요구되는 질환이며, 보다 체계적인 비용의 추산을 통하여 양질의 정신 보건 서비스를 제공할 수 있는 토대가 마련되어야 할 것이다. Objectives : We have aimed to estimate the direct and indirect costs of treating out-patients with schizophrenia in Korea, to use this fundamental data for the effective management and proper distribution of the medical resource. Method : To estimate the direct cost, we surveyed the medical cost and time of two hundred and eighty-nine out-patients with schizophrenia for six months. And the lost productivity as many months was converted into the indirect cost. Those of eighty-two coronary heart disease patients were also estimated as a comparison group. Results : An unemployement rate of schizophrenic patients was 72.1 percent. Moreover the ratio of the laborer in the sample was, even if employed, 64.5 percent. The mean direct cost of schizophrenic patients was, about 815,000 won, higher than that of coronary heart disease, 715,000 won however it was not statistically significant. The former was also estimated 2.5 times more than the latter for the indirect cost, or 6,456,000 won versus 2,589,000 won. Conclusion : Schizophrenia is a relatively costly illness compared to other chronic illness, so the systematic estimation of the cost is necessary to provide mental health service of high quality.

계단승월이 가능한 시각장애인 유도 로봇 개발

이종실,이응혁,민홍기,홍승홍 한국장애인재활협회 2003 재활복지 Vol.7 No.1

현대 사회에 이르러 생활 환경의 향상과 기술의 발달로 복지에 대한 관심이 높아졌으나 국내의 장애인에 대한 복지 시설은 아직 미비한 수준이다. 보도의 점자 블록이나 신호등의 보행 음향 외에 시각 장애인이 실외 활동을 하기 위한 안내 시설이 거의 없어 많은 불편을 초래한다. 따라서 시각장애인을 위한 안전하고 편안한 보행을 위한 보조장치가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 시각장애인에게 보다 안전하고 편리한 보행보조 수단을 제공하기 위하여 계단 승월이 가능한 유도로봇을 개발하였으며, 이의 시스템은 실외에서 장시간사용이 가능하도록 저전력 구동이 가능한 이동로봇 제어부, 외부 위치 정보를 GPS에 의해 유도가 가능하도록 자기위치추정시스템과 계단 승월이 가능한 메카니즘부로 구성하였다. 제안된 시각장애인 유도로봇의 구동을 위하여 이동 로봇 구동 및 운용 소프트웨어를 개발하였으며, 초음파 센서 어레이를 이용한 장애물 인식을 통한 스테레오 음성 유도 알고리즘, 관성항법시스템을 이용한 주행 경로 보정 시스템 및 알고리즘, 시각 장애인 유도를 위한 점자 보도 블록 인식 기법을 개발하였다. 자기위치추정시스템에서는 자기위치 추적 시스템 H/W와 사용자 인터페이스 개발로서 DGPS수신 모듈과 점자 입력기 및 인터페이스 기법을 개발하였으며, 계단 승월을 위한 유도로봇 메카니즘으로 유성 차륜 방식을 이용하여 이동 메커니즘을 설계하였다. Interest about welfare by upgrade of living environment and development of technology to reach in modern society but welfare facilities about disabled person are unprepared level yet. It causes many discomforts because there is seldom guidance equipment that the visually impaired except Braillewriter type block or walk sound of signal lamp does outdoor activity. Therefore, we need auxiliary equipment for more safe and well walk for the visually impaired. The purpose of this study is to develop a stair-climbing guide robot as auxiliary equipment for the visually impaired. We developed a control part with low-power usable for many long hours outside the door, self-localization system guiding the robot by using the GPS of localization information and mechanism part with an ability of climbing stairs. We developed mobile robot driving and operating software to operate the guidance robot for the visually impaired such as obstacle detection with ultrasonic sensor array, obstacle avoidance through the sound imaging method, position calibration using INS (Initial Navigation System) and detection of braille blocks. In self-localization system, we developed a self-localization H/W and user interface, we adapted DGPS receiver module and suggested a method to interface for braille keypad. For ability of climbing stairs, we constructed wheel mechanism of a guide robot using planetary type.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

지반의 진행성 파괴와 기초의 크기 효과를 고려한 지지력 특성에 관한 실험적 연구

임종철,안민홍,홍석우,강정철,여종인 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 1999 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.56 No.-

얕은 기초의 지지력을 산정하는데 있어서 기존 이론의 지지력계수(Nc,Nr,Nq)는 흙의 내부마찰 각 φ만의 함수로 표현되어져 있다. 그리고 조밀한 모래지반에서는 동시파괴(전반전단파괴)가 발생한다고 가정하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 주문지 표준사를 이용하여 중간·조밀한 모래지반을 제작하여, 재하폭 B를 변화시켜 실험하였다. 실험 결과, 조밀한 모래지반에서도 진행성파괴가 발생하며, 지지력계수 Nr의 평가에 있어서 내부마찰각 φ뿐만 아니라, 재하폭 B의 영향이 고려되어져야 함을 알 수 있었다. The bearing capacity factors(Nc,Nr,Nq) of an existing formulae are the function of only internal friction angle(φ) in calculating of ultimate bearing capacity of shallow foundations. And it is assumed that the simultaneous failure(general shear failure) occurs in the dense sand. In this study, the medium to dense sand grounds are formed by Joomunjin standard sand, and the laboratory medel tests are made with the change of load-width(B). By test it is known that the progressive failure is also occurred in the dense sand ground and so the bearing capacity factor(Nr) should be considered for not only internal friction angle(φ) but also the effect of load-width(B).