Slide Session : OS-IFD-07 ; Infectious Disease : In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus

( Myung Jin Lee ),( Kye Hyung Kim ),( Jong Youn Yi ),( Su Jin Choi ),( Chung Jong Kim ),( Nak Hyun Kim ),( Kyoung Ho Song ),( Pyoeng Gyun Choi ),( Ji Hwan Bang ),( Wan Beom Park ),( Eu Suk Kim ),( San 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Myung Jin LEE1, Kye-Hyung KIM1, Jongyoun YI2, SuJin CHOI1, Chung-Jong KIM1, Nak- Hyun KIM1, Kyoung-Ho SONG1, Pyoeng Gyun CHOI1, Ji-Hwan BANG1, Wan Beom PARK1, Eu Suk KIM1, Sang-Won PARK1, Hong Bin KIM1, Nam Joong KIM1, Myoung- Don OH1 Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea1, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Korea2 Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel Bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). No effective antiviral therapy is proven yet, but clinical use of ribavirin (RBV) has been tried. We investigated the antiviral effect of RBV against SFTSV in vitro. Methods: To test for cytotoxicity of RBV, Vero cells were treated with different concentrations of RBV (3.90 to 500 μg/mL, two-fold dilution) and analyzed by cell viability MTS assay 48h post-infection. To determine antiviral activity of RBV against SFTSV, Vero cells were infected with SFTSV strain Gangwon/Korea/2012 at 100 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infective dose) per well in a 96-well plate, and RBV was added at the concentrations showing no or minimal cytotoxicity. Viral RNAs were extracted from the culture supernatants and quantifi ed using one-step real-time reverse transcription- PCR to amplify the partial large segment of SFTSV. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA with Tukey`s post hoc test. Results: Cytotoxicity due to RBV was not observed at RBV concentration =31.3 μg/ mL. Viral RNAs at 24h post-RBV treatment were reduced with increasing RBV concentrations (1-32 μg/mL), compared with those of mock-treated cells (P <0.01, Figure). Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of RBV was 3.69 μg/mL at 24h post-RBV treatment. Conclusions: Our study shows that RBV has antiviral effect against SFTSV in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies are required to evaluate the effi cacy of RBV in SFTS.

대전대학교내 먹는 지하수의 미생물학적 수질 평가

방숙전,안종훈,박성주 대전대학교 기초과학연구소 1997 自然科學 Vol.8 No.1

지하수 원수의 세균수는 수온과는 상관성이 없었으며, 종속영양세균의 경우 수온이 가장 낮았을 때 개체수가 가장 많았다. 원수의 평균 총세균수와 R2A배지에서 자란 종속영양세균수는 각각 6.9x10? cell/㎖, 6.7x10²CFU/㎖ 이었으며, 수도꼭지의 물에서도 세균수의 변화는 별로 없었다. R2A배지에서 종속영양세균수는 PCA배지에서 자란 종속영양세균수에 비하여 대체로 10배 정도 많았는데, 이는 유기물의 농도가 낮고 세균수가 적은 지하수 세균학의 연구에 R2A배지의 사용이 효과적이라는 것을 보여주는 것이다. 지하수 원수에 비하여 수도꼭지의 물에서 세균수가 현저하게 증가된 이른바 급수관에서 재생장 현상을 보인 세균은 종대장균군으로서 원수에서 8 CFU/250㎖로 35배나 증가하였다. 분변성 연쇄상구균도 급수계통에서 심한 재생장 현상이 나타났으며 분변성 대장균둔이 검출되지 않은 물에서도 검출되는 것으로 보아 지하수의 지표세균우로 필요한 것으로 판단된다. Salmonella와 Shigella는 추정시험용 선택배지에서 정형적인 콜로니가 나타나기는 하였지만 동정결과 진성인 것은 하나도 없었다. Bacterial numbers in raw groundwater were not independent of water temperature, rather the highest number of heterotrophic plate count bacteria (HPC) was recorded at the lowest temperature. MEAN numbers of total and HPC bacteria in raw water were 6.9x10? cell/㎖ and 6.7x10²CFU/㎖ respectively, not changnin even in tap water. HPC numbers enumerated by R2A agar media were generally 1 log higher than by plate count agar (PCA) media, showing R2A is preferable to PCA in the study of groundwater bacteriology having low organic matters and bacterial density. Total coliform (TC) densities tremendously increased in tap waters and coliform regrowth in the distribution system occurred. Eight CFU/㎖ of total coliforms in raw water changed to 281 CFU/250㎖ in tap water, 35 times increase in density. Presumptive fecal streptococci (FS) showed regrowth in the distribution system as well, but presumptive fecal coliforms did not. HIgh FS numbers were recorded even in the samples where no or few TC were detected, which represents FS as well as TC are necessary to assess drinking groundwater quality. Even though some typical colonies of Salmonella or shigella were developed on the presumptive selective media, any true positive pathogens were not identified.

불소 중독증의 화학적 및 구조적 연구

방성,정동균,정태영,이종흔,김중수 대한구강생물학회 1980 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.4 No.1

Residents in areas where drinking water contains high fluoride concentration were studied in this report. Residents were examined for fluorosis index and their teeth were collected for further study. Teeth were divided into 4 groups according to the length of exposed period to high-fluoride-content drinking water and analysed for mineral contents. Dean and McKay's and Horowitz's methods were used to determine fluorosis index. Contents and concentration of calcium, phosophorus and fluoride in dental hard tissues were determined by electron microprobe with serial 17 ㎛ increment in depth. From analysis of the results of this study, it appears that : 1. 44.2% of residents in these areas were revealed to have dental fluorosis and major proportion of them had moderate degree of dental fluorosis. 2. There was no significant difference in contents of Ca, P and their ratio (Ca/P) in the whole depth of enamel. 3. Highest fluoride concentration was found in the surface portion of enamel and the content of fluoride in enamel appeared to increase with increased period of exposure to high-fluoride-content drinking water. 4. Content of fluoride was higher in cervical enamel than cuspidal enamel, but there was no difference in the content of Ca, P and their ratio (Ca/P). 5. Carious dentin contained lower content of Ca than normal dentin but fluoride concentration was very high even to the deeper portion of dentin.

전신마취유도 중 발생한 심방세동과 회복중 발생한 발작성 상심실성 빈맥

방윤식,신동욱,이태규,박정현,길현주,이종연 이화여자대학교 의과학연구소 2012 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.35 No.2

A healthy 35-year-old man who was scheduled for closed reduction of nasal bone fracture developed atrial fibrillation during induction of general anesthesia after intravenous glycopyrrolate injection. During emergence of general anesthesia, atrial fibrillation was suddenly changed to paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia with 200 beat per minute and lasted for about 10 seconds. Because blood pressure was stable, esmolol was used to reduce ventricular response. At recovery room, ventricular response reduction about 55 beat per minute was observed after intravenous injection of verapamil 5 mg. Thereafter, the rhythm was returned to normal sinus rhythm with bradycardia.

넙치 3계통의 혈액성분 분석 및 계통간 교배군의 초기성장과 생존율

방인철,박상용,이윤아,홍경표,김종형 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2003 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.9 No.2

Hematological characteristics of the three populations in the olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus were analyzed. The sample fishes were collected from coastal sea areas around Korea (east and west coastal wild populations) and Japanese cultured population. Result researched into Hemoglobin, PCV, total protein, glucose, GOT and GPT in the three population were not significant (P>0.05). Abnormality of mating groups used east female were higher than Japanese female (P<0.05), but no significant differences were found in fertilization rate and hatching success (P>0.05). Japanese X east group showed highest percent and east X west group showed lowest percent in survival rate, significantly (P<0.05). East X east, Japanese X west and Japanese X Japanese groups showed higher growth rate in total length and body weight than the other groups, however, east X west group showed lower growth, significantly(P<0.05).

멀티미디어 인터페이스에 관한 연구

방상원,김종화 木浦大學校 情報産業硏究所 1997 情報産業硏究誌 Vol.5 No.-

The work began as an attempt to create an interface for a multimedia database, satisfying three goals :(1) to integrate searching and browsing activities under a single interface umbrella, (2) to provide simple, effective and engaging menas for users to access the database, and (3) to develop alternatives to spatial metaphors for the organization of information. The multimedia interface providing easy and powerful access to information of all media types. In this paper, we investigated several interface techniques for multimedia database and discussed advantage and disadvantage of these techniques.

위 평활근 세포의 활동전압을 이루는 CI^-전류성분에 관한 연구

방효원,이종찬,이무열,엄대용,이상돈 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1993 中央醫大誌 Vol.18 No.3

Chloride current has been known as a part of backgroud current. Recently, its roles in the maintenance of action potential have much attention. The purposes of the present study are clarifying the chloride current component which might play an important role in generation and maintenance of the action potential in the pyloric circular smooth musele cells. We used the whold cell voltage clamp techniques to assess the current and voltage responses induced by caffeine superfusion. The results were as follow: 1. Caffeine superfusion induced the increase of inward currents in the hyperpolarized potential ranges, and the increase of outward currents in the depolarized ranges. 2. Sodium ion removal from the external medium and the addition of cadmium ion rarely affected these current response. 3. Duration of the action potential was elongated by application of the caffeine and modified by the change of the intracellular chloride ion concentraion. 4. The effect of caffeine superfusion on the action potential disappeared by the addition of the anion channel blocker. The results suggest that caffeine superfusion may prolong the duration of repolarized phase of the action potential probably by the chloride current activation in the gastric antral smooth muscle.

허혈성 뇌졸중과 응고인자 XIII Val 34 Leu 다형성과의 무관성

방차옥,최종순,박형국,안무영,홍세용 순천향의학연구소 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.2

Background and purpose: Although a common G to T point mutation (FXIII Val34Leu) in exon 2 of the alpha-subunit of the FXIII is protective against myocardial infarction and venous thrombosis, there are few reported the association of FXIII Val34Leu and ischemic stroke. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective role of the FXIII Val34Leu against ischemic stroke and its suggested interaction with the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) 4G/5G polymorphism. Methods: We carried out genotype analyses for FXIII Val34Leu using single-stranded conformation polymorphism and 4G/5G polymorphism in the promoter region of the PAI-1 gene in 53 patients with ischemic stroke and in 82 race-matched control subjects. Results: Age, hypertension, diabetes, and low-density lipoprotein were significantly higher in ischemic stroke patients. However, genetic distributions of FXIII A subunit and promoter region of PAI-1 were not different on both groups. Even adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, and total cholesterol, there were not significantly associated between FXIII Val34Leu or 4G/4G genotype of PAI-1 and ischemic stroke. Conclusion: FXIII Val34Leu and the 4G/4G genotype of the PAI-1 gene are not significantly associated with an increased or decreased risk of ischemic stroke.

치료 전ㆍ후 정신분열증 환자의 청각 사건관련 전위 P300의 지표학적 뇌영상

방승규,김종우 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.2

저자들은 대조군과 정신분열증 환자 26명을 대상으로 지표학적 뇌전위 영상화 기법을 이용하여 청각 사건관련전위 P300의 인지 장애에 대한 치료후의 변화를 관찰한 다음, 지표학적 뇌영상을 이용하여 P300과 연관이 있는 뇌의 위치를 확인함으로써 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 정신분열증군의 치료 전후 P300의 파형은 inverted-U 형태로 대조군의 inverted-V 형태와 서로 달랐다. 정신분열증 환자군에서 치료 4주 후 P300 잠복기는 대조군과 유의한 차이를 보여주지 않았으나, 치료 전 P300 잠복기는 대조군보다 더 길었다. 전극 각 부위에서의 P300 전위는 정신분열증군과 대조군 모두에서 정중 두정부(Pz)에서 가장 높았다. 2) 치료 전 정신분열증군과 대조군 사이의 전위 차이를 각 전극 부위별로 비교한 결과 좌측 중앙부(C₃), 정중 중앙부(Cz), 우측 중앙부(C₄), 좌측 두정부(P₃), 정중 두정부(Pz), 우측 두정부(P₄)(P<0.01)와 좌측 측두부(T₃)에 서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 3) 치료 4주 후의 정신분열증군과 대조군 사이의 전위를 각 전극 부위별로 비교한 결과 정중 두정부(Pz), 우측 두정부(P₄)(P<0.01)와 정중 중앙부(Cz), 우측 중앙부(C₄), 좌측 두정부(P₃)에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 4) 치료 전 정신분열증군과 치료 주 후 정신분열증군 사이의 전위를 각 전극 부위별로 비교한 결과 정중 중앙부(Cz), 좌측 측두부(T₃), 정중 두정부(Pz)에서 유의한 차이를 보였으나 치료 전에 약물을 복용한 환자군과 약물 복용하지 않은 군 사이에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 5) BPRS의 경우 치료전에 비해 치료후에 현저히 감소 되었다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 정신분열증 환자가 정보를 처리하는데 인지적 결함이 있으며 치료 후 부분적인 회복을 보이나 장애가 지속됨을 관찰하였다. schizophrenia is a chronic, debilitating major mental illness which neural correlates remain unknown, Recently, the topographic brain maping of P300 has been applied to examine the psychophysiological disturbance in schizophrenics, particulary with regard to the topographic distribution of P300. The most robust and consistently replicated electrophysiological abnormalities in schizophrenics involve the auditory P300 event related potential(ERP), a positive potential that begins approximately 300 msec following a target stimulus that is novel and task-relevant. Reduction in amplitude of auditory P300 ERP has been related to cognitive deficits, brain structure abnormalities, chemical abnormalities, and clinical status. Auditory P300 ERP has been extensively examined in psychiatric research, and many investigators have saught their psychophysiological meanings and clinical significances since the recording procedure of P300 was standardized. On the basis of these aspects, this study was designed to evaluate not only the shape, latency and amplitude of P300, but also the topographic distribution in schizophrenics before and after antipsychotic treatment and to examine the availability of the characteristic findings of P300 mapping as one of the biological markers. The subjects sere consisted of 26 schizophrenics who had been admitted to Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital and Our Lady of Mercy Hospital, Catholic University Medical College from February, 1993 to September, 1994. The results were as follows ; 1) Shape of P300 in schizophrenics before and after treatment was inverted U type, but that of controls was invented V type. Latency of P300 in schizophrenics before treatment was 354 msec, which was more prolonged than in controls(331 msec). Latency of P300 in schizophrenics after treatment was 339 msec, which was not significantly different with controls(331 msec). 2) There were significant differences of topographic amplitudes of P300 between schizophrenics before treatment and controls in the mid-centroparietal, left and right centroparietal, left temporal areas. 3) There were significant differences of topographic amplitudes of P300 between schizophrenics after treatment and controls in the mid-centroparietal, right central, left and right parietal areas. Differences of latencies between schizophrenics before and after treatment were not significant. 4) There were significant differences of topographic amplitudes of P300 between schizophrenics before and after treatment in the mid-central, mid-parietal and left temporal areas. 5) The score of brief psychiatric rating scale(BPRS) in schizophrenics before treatment was 44.86±10.51, after treatment was 34.18±8.62 respectively. There were significant differences between them. The finding of minimal change in auditory P300 amplitude in mid-central, mid-parietal, right central, left and right parietal areas were not affected by treatment. Therefore, it was suggested that reduced P300 amplitude of schizophrenics before treatment in mid-centroparietal and left temporal were affected by treatment.

분산형 멀티 데이타베이스 시스템에서 전역 동시성 제어 기법에 관한 연구

방상원,김종화 木浦大學校 情報産業硏究所 1994 情報産業硏究誌 Vol.2 No.-

본 논문에서는 분산형 멀티 데이타베이스 시스템에서의 효율적인 전역 동시성 제어 방법을 제안한다. 분산형 멀티 데이타베이스 시스템에서의 동시성 제어는 각 전역 모듈 상호간에 통신이 이루어져야 하므로 통신비용이 크다. 때문에 본 논문에서는 그 통신 부하를 감소시키기 위해서 각 지역 사이트들을 논리적으로 그룹화하여 통신비용을 줄일 수 있는 방법을 연구하였다. 본 연구에서는 전역 동시성 제어 기법으로 타임스탬프 순서화 기법을 이용한다. 이 타임스탬프는 각 그룹내에서 임의로 선정된 그룹의 조정자가 부여하는 것으로 전 시스템에서 유일하고, 전역 트랜잭션들이 제출된 순서대로 부여받도록 하였다. 이 타임스탬프는 전역 트랜잭션의 직렬화 순서를 결정하는데 사용된다. In this paper, an effective global concurrency control schemes in decentralized multi-database systems is proposed. The global concurrency control on decentralized multi-database systems takes high communication overhead due to requirement of communications between all global modules. In this thesis, We suggest a method to reduce communication cost and workload by grouping each local sites logically. Timestamp, which is assigned to coordinater selected randomly in each group, is unique in whole system and is assigned corresponding to order of transaction submission. Timestamp is used to determine serialization order of global transactions.