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The Innate Immune Response in House Dust Mite-Induced Allergic Inflammation
Jiu-Yao Wang 대한천식알레르기학회 2013 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.5 No.2
Hypersensitivity to house dust mite (HDM; Dermatophagoides sp.) allergens is one of the most common allergic responses, affecting up to 85% ofasthmatics. Sensitization to indoor allergens is the strongest independent risk factor associated with asthma. Additionally, >50% of children andadolescents with asthma are sensitized to HDM. Although allergen-specific CD4+ Th2 cells orchestrate the HDM allergic response through inductionof IgE directed toward mite allergens, activation of innate immunity also plays a critical role in HDM-induced allergic inflammation. This review highlightsthe HDM components that lead to activation of the innate immune response. Activation may due to HDM proteases. Proteases may be recognizedby protease-activation receptors (PARs), Toll-like receptors (TLRs), or C-type lectin receptors (CTRs), or act as a molecular mimic for PAMP activationsignaling pathways. Understanding the role of mite allergen-induced innate immunity will facilitate the development of therapeutic strategiesthat exploit innate immunity receptors and associated signaling pathways for the treatment of allergic asthma.
Yuan, Jiu,Yao, Junhu,Yang, Fengxia,Yang, Xiaodan,Wan, Xinjie,Han, Jincheng,Wang, Yaojie,Chen, Xinke,Liu, Yurui,Zhou, Zhenfeng,Zhou, Ningbo,Feng, Xinyu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.5
A trial was conducted to study the influence of different levels of a commercial enzyme complex on performance, nutrient availability, blood parameters, digestive tract measurements, amylase and trypsin activity of the digestive tract and gut morphology in broilers fed the typical diets in north China. There were four treatments: the control diet and the other three enzyme complex supplemented diets which were 180 mg/kg, 360 mg/kg and 720 mg/kg enzyme complex supplemented to the control diet, respectively. The birds fed the diets supplemented with 180 mg/kg and 360 mg/kg enzyme complex had better performance and nutrient availability, the activities of amylase and trypsin in the digestive tract in the two treatments were improved, the villus height and surface area of villus in the small intestine increased and the crypt depth and epithelial thickness of small intestine decreased. Relative weights of pancreas and relative weights and lengths of small intestine decreased. However, the addition of 720 mg/kg enzyme complex had no effects on these parameters and increased crypt depth and epithelial thickness of the small intestine. The data suggested that suitable supplementation of enzyme complex was beneficial for the birds, while excess enzyme complex inhibited secretion of endogenous enzyme and destroyed the structure of the small intestine.
Cui, Jiu-Wei,Li, Yan,Wang, Chang,Yao, Cheng,Li, Wei Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.2
Purpose: PRIL (proliferation-inducing ligand) is a newly identified member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family and modulates death ligand-induced apoptosis. Here, we investigated the effect of PRIL on cellular characteristics relating to tumor progression in human gastric cancer. Method: Recombinant lentivirus containing PRIL siRNA was constructed and then infected MGC803 and SGC7901 gastric cancer cells. MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] colony formation and cell cycle analysis were used to study the effect of PRIL knockdown on gastric cancer cell proliferation. Results: PRIL expression in lentivirus infected cells was significantly reduced as evidenced by quantitative real-time PCR. Cell viability and colony formation of MGC803 and SGC7901 cells were significantly hampered in PRIL knock-down cells. Moreover, the cell cycle was arrested at G2/M phase, elucidating the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of siRNA on cell proliferation. Conclusions: Our study indicated that PRIL functions in promoting cell growth, and lentivirus-mediated PRIL gene knockdown might be a promising strategy in the treatment of gastric cancer.
Study of the Band-gap Structure of a 1D-photonic Crystal by Using Different Numerical Approaches
Liang-Yao Chen,Jian-Bo Chen,Yue-Rui Chen,Yan Shen,Wei-Xi Zhou,Jiu-Chun Ren,Yu-Xiang Zheng 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.56 No.4
Comparative studies between the transfer matrices method (TMM) and plane wave method (PWM) approaches have been performed on 1D photonics crystal under different conditions to show the differences between these two kinds of calculations. TMM is suitable for the design of 1D photonic crystal device with high precision and is in good agreement with experimental results, but is not suitable for the 2D and 3D photonic structures which are limited by the complicated boundary conditions at micro interfaces. The result based on the PWM approach to deal approximately with the photonic structure in approximation has not yet been strictly verified by experiment, not even for 1D photonic crystal structures. More efforts will be required to explore its validation under all physical conditions to enhance its application.
Dong Zhao,Ming-Yao Gu,Jiu Liang Xu,Li Jun Zhang,Shi Yong Ryu,양현옥 한국응용약물학회 2019 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.27 No.1
Ginger, one of worldwide consumed dietary spice, is not only famous as food supplements, but also believed to exert a variety of remarkable pharmacological activity as herbal remedies. In this study, a ginger constituent, 12-dehydrogingerdione (DHGD) was proven that has comparable anti-inflammatory activity with positive control 6-shogaol in inhibiting LPS-induced interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, prostaglandin (PG) E2, nitric oxide (NO), inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, without interfering with COX-1 in cultured microglial cells. Subsequent mechanistic studies indicate that 12-DHGD may inhibit neuro-inflammation through suppressing the LPS-activated Akt/IKK/NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, 12-DHGD markedly promoted the activation of NF-E2-related factor (Nrf)-2 and heme oxygenase (HO)-1, and we demonstrated that the involvement of HO-1 on the production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as NO and TNF-α by using a HO-1 inhibitor, Zinc protoporphyrin (Znpp). These results indicate that 12-DHGD may protect against neuro-inflammation by inhibiting Akt/IKK/IκB/NF-κB pathway and promoting Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway.
Experimental and numerical studies of stress/strain characteristics in riveted aircraft lap joints
Chao Zeng,Wei Tian,Xiang Yao Liu,Jiu Tian Xue 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.7
The fatigue property of riveted lap joint is greatly related to the riveting-induced residual stress, especially the stress distribution on the faying surface. However, an accurate study of the residual stress characteristics in the riveted sheet could be very difficult. In this paper, both numerical and experimental investigations were carried out on the stress/strain characteristics in riveted aircraft lap joints. A special specimen was designed for the test of strain variations on the faying surface of the sheet by microstrain gages. For the numerical simulation, the rivet squeezing process was analyzed using the explicit dynamic finite element (FE) method, whilst a general static FE analysis was employed for the elastic springback after the squeeze force was removed. A comparison of the strain variations between the experimental results and FE simulations shows a general good agreement, although there may be some difference for points measured near the hole surface. The FE analysis reveals that both compressive and tensile residual stresses could be introduced in the riveted sheet. Massive compressive residual stress can be created in the near-surface layer of the hole. However, the stress level is not always increased with increasing the squeeze force, and so is the improvement of fatigue life observed. Further study is still necessary to account for the fatigue life decreasing effect caused by a high squeeze force.