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봉진구,황정연<SUP>1<.SUP>,박성환,Jin Gu Bong,M.D.,Jung Yun Huang,Ph.D.<SUP>1<.SUP> and Sung Hwan Park,M.D. 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2010 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.10 No.1
Purpose: X-ray microscopy with synchrotron radiation will soon be a useful tool for innovative x-ray imaging in clinical and laboratory settings. It enables us to observe the detailed internal structure of human tissue samples with great magnification power and excellent resolution. So, it has the possibility to be used for the clinical and research purposes to investigate thyroid diseases if it can effectively evaluate the various conditions of thyroid tissue. To determine the relation with their optical microscopic features, we compared the synchrotron X-ray images of unstained normal and thyroid cancer tissue samples with the histopathologic findings of their adjacent, stained thyroid tissue sections. Methods: An x-ray microscope was installed on a 1B2 beamline with a Pohang Light Source, which is a 3rd generation synchrotron radiation facility with an operating energy of 2.5 GeV at Pohang, Korea. The x-ray energy was set at 11.1 keV and the x-ray beam was monochromatized using a W/B4C monochromator. Formalin-fixed 10Ռm-thick female thyroid tissues from normal cases and carcinoma cases were attached on Kapton film for the imaging. The sample was positioned 25 m away from the beam source. The x-ray image of the sample was converted into a visual image on the CsI (TI) scintillation crystal, and it was magnified 20 times by the microscopic objective lens. After an additional 10 times digital magnification, this visual image was captured by a full frame CCD camera. Results: The monochromated x-ray microscopic images of the female thyroid tissues of the normal cases and carcinoma cases were obtained with good resolution. These synchrotron images showed the normal follicular structures in the normal thyroid tissue sections and the characteristic severe stromal fibrosis with collagen fiber accumulation in the cancer tissue sections. Conclusion: Owing to the great magnification and excellent resolution, the synchrotron x-ray microscopic images of the normal and cancerous thyroid tissues showed good correspondence with the histopathologic findings of their adjacent, stained tissue sections. So, the x-ray microscopic imaging of thyoid tissue using synchrotron radiation has good potential for use in various clinical and research settings in the future. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2010;10: 19-23)
Block of ATP-Sensitive K Channels Expressed in Xenopus Oocytes by Dimethyl Sulfoxide
Jin Bong Park1,Soo Wan Chae 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2001 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.5 No.2
<P> The effects of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were studied in two groups of Xenopus oocytes, one expressing ATP sensitive K (KATP) channel comprised of sulfonylurea receptor SUR1 and inwardly rectifying K channel subunit Kir6.2, and the other expressing renal KATP channel ROMK2. At concentrations of 0.3∼10% (vol/vol) DMSO inhibited whole cell Kir6.2/SUR1 currents elicited by bath application of sodium azide (3 mM) in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibition constant and Hill coefficient were 2.93% and 1.62, respectively. ROMK2 currents, however, was not affected significantly by DMSO. The results support the idea that DMSO inhibits KATP channel expressed in Xenopus oocyte through a protein-specific mechanism(s) that remains to be further elucidated.
정웅윤,서진학,정봉철<SUP>1<.SUP>,박정수,Woung Youn Chung,Jin Hak Suh,Bong Chul Chung<SUP>1 <.SUP>and Cheong Soo Park 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2001 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.1 No.2
목적: 스테로이드 호르몬은 다양한 종양의 성장에 기여하는 것은 잘 알려져 있다. 여러 보고에서 외인성 안드로겐이 갑상선 호르몬과 갑상선 세포의 성장에 기여한다는 사실이 증명되었으나, 갑상선 암에서의 안드로겐의 역할은 아직 분명히 밝혀지지 않았으며, 최근의 연구에서는 갑상선 조직에서 에스트로겐 수용체의 존재에 관하여, 갑상선암의 에스트로겐 의존성의 가능성을 제안해왔으나, 에스트로겐 수용체 양성율과 종양의 생물학적 양상과의 관계에 대한 명확한 결론을 얻지는 못하였다. 이에 연구자들은 갑상선 암에서의 안드로겐과 에스트로겐의 역할을 규명하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 유두상 갑상선암 환자의 수술전과 수술후의 소변 견본과 정상여성의 소변 견본에서 안드로겐, 코티코이드(corticoid), 에스트로겐 호르몬 프로파일의 변화를 gas chromatography/mass spectrometry/selected ion-monitoring (GC/ MS/SIM) system를 통해 분석하였다. 또한, 호르몬의 불균형 이나 산화대사가 갑상선 암과의 연관성이 있는지 간접적으로 측정하기 위하여 관계 있는 호르몬 농도비를 측정하였다. 결과: 수술전 측정된 11-DOKS/17-OHCS비가 17-OHCS 양의 감소로 인하여 의미 있게 증가하였다. Catechol 과 2-OH E1을 포함한 에스트로젠의 측정량이 다른 에스트로겐의 대사산물에 큰 변화 없이 수술전 유두상 갑상선암 환자에서 유의하게 증가하였다. 수술전 16-OH E1/2-OH E1 비는 수술후 측정치에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 낮은 결과를 보였다. 결론: 이상의 결과로 부신피질 홀몬 결핍에 의한 안드로겐의 체내 변화는 유두상 갑상선암의 발생에 영향을 줄 것으로 생각되며, 또한 에스트로겐 대사과정 중에 2-hydroxylation 과정의 증가는 유두상 갑상선암과 연관성이 있을 것으로 사료된다. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2001;1:259-266)
갑상선 유두상 미세암에서 수술범위를 결정하는 데 수술 전 초음파의 유용성
전종현,홍사민,박진현,백선미<SUP>1<,SUP>,정민희<SUP>2<,SUP>,봉진구,Chong Hyun Jeon,M,D,Sa Min Hong,M,D,Jin Hyun Park,M,D,Sun Mi Paik,M,D,<SUP>1<,SUP>,Min Hee Jeong,M,D,<SUP>2<,SUP> and Jin Gu Bong,M,D 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2006 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.6 No.2
Purpose: Usually papillary microcarcinoma (PMC) grows very slowly with a good prognosis, although it frequently metastasizes to regional lymph nodes and shows multiple tumor formation in the thyroid. Therefore, how to treat papillary microcarcinoma has been controversial. Recently several studies reported that some ultrasonographic features may potentially reflect the biological aggressiveness of a lesion. We investigated which ultrasonographic findings can reflect aggressive characteristics and whether US can helpful in selecting the appropriate surgical treatment of PMC. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the preoperative ultrasonographic findings and pathologic risk factors of 68 patients who had undergone surgical treatment for PMC at the Wallace Memorial Baptist Hospital from January 2004 to December 2005. Results: The incidences of multifocality, extrathyroidal extension, and lymph node metastasis of PMC were 42.6%, 48.5% and 20.6%, respectively. The Mean sizes of PMC were no significant differences according to age, multifocality, extrathyroidal extension, lymph node metastasis, stage and AMES risk group, and tumor size more than 5 mm was not linked to pathologic prognostic factors. Cases demonstrating multiple nodules in the unilateral or bilateral lobes, as well as those with fine strong calcifications in the tumor on US, were directly linked to multifocality on pathologic finding. US is insensitive technique for detecting lymph node metastasis and it’s sensitivity was only 14.3%, but it’s positive predictive value and specificity were high (100%). Conclusion: The date suggested that complete surgery with appropriate nodal dissection should be performed in patients with PMC which their US demonstrating multiple nodules in the unilateral or bilateral lobes, fine strong calcifications echoes in tumor and US-detected node metastasis. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2006;6:68-76)
Young Ju Jeong,Sung Hee Mun<SUP>1<.SUP>,Jin Gu Bong,Sung Hwan Park 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2013 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.13 No.3
Purpose: Cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid micro-carcinoma (PTMC) is associated with an increased recurrence rate and distant metastases. In this study, we analyzed the predictive factors of lateral metastasis in patients with PTMC. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1,030 patients with PTMC who underwent thyroidectomy. The clinicopathological characteristics and radiological findings upon ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT) were then analyzed to evaluate the predictability of lateral metastasis of PTMC. Results: The overall rate of lateral metastasis was 3.3% for the 1,030 patients with PTMC. All patients underwent central lymph node dissection (CLND), and 119 of these patients (11.6%) underwent either prophylactic or therapeutic selective neck dissection (SND). Among patients who underwent lateral node evaluation, 28.6% had lateral metastasis. We found that lateral metastasis was associated with larger tumor size, extrathyroidal extension, multiple tumors, bilateral tumors, CLN metastasis, and positive expression of thyroid peroxidase. Positive findings of CLN and lateral metastases on ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT) were significantly associated with lateral metastasis. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that, for patients with PTMC, larger tumor size, extrathyroidal extension, multiple tumors, bilateral tumors, CLN metastasis, positive expression of thyroid peroxidase, and positive CLN and lateral metastases identified on US and CT were significantly associated with lateral metastasis. Further studies with a large prospective study and longer follow-up are needed to clarify the predictive value of these factors.