High Spontaneous Resolution Rates of Severe Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux and Minimal Development of New Renal Scars

Jihei Cha,Seung Joo Lee 대한소아신장학회 2016 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.20 No.1

Purpose: The previous reports regarding VUR resolution were not precise due to early frequent surgical intervention. We evaluated the spontaneous resolution (SR) rate and the incidence of new renal scars in primary VUR, focusing on severe reflux. Methods: Medical records of 334 patients with primary VUR who were on medical prophylaxis without surgery for 1 to 9 years, were retrospectively reviewed. Medical prophylaxis was initiated with low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis or probiotics. Ra dioisotope cystourethrography was performed every 1 to 3 years until SR of reflux. New renal scar was evaluated with follow-up 99m Tc DMSA renal scan. Results: The SR rates decreased as VUR grades were getting higher (P=0.00). The overall and annual SR were 58.4% and 14.9%/yr in grade IV reflux and 37.5% and 9.3%/yr in grade V reflux. The median times of SR were 38 months in grade IV reflux and 66 months in grade V reflux. The probable SR rates in grade IV and V reflux were 7.8% and 8.9% in the 1st year, 46.0% and 30.8% in the 3rd year and 74.4% and 64.4% in the 5th year. The incidences of new renal scars between low to moderate reflux and severe reflux showed no significant difference (P=0.32). Conclusion: The SR rates of severe primary VUR were higher than previously re ported and most new renal scars were focal and mild.

Mitochondrial DNA 4977bp Deletion Mutation in Peripheral Blood Reflects Atrial Remodeling in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation

Jihei Sara Lee,박희남,고영국,신경진,김숙경,박재형,황기철 연세대학교의과대학 2015 Yonsei medical journal Vol.56 No.1

Purpose: Recently, mitochondrial DNA 4977bp deletion (mtDNA4977-mut), a somaticmutation related to oxidative stress, has been shown to be associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). We hypothesized that patient age, as well as electroanatomicalcharacteristics of fibrillating left atrial (LA), vary depending on the presence of mtDNA4977-mut in peripheral blood among patients with non-valvular AF. Materials and Methods: Analyzing clinical and electroanatomical characteristics, we investigated the presence of the mtDNA4977-mut in peripheral blood of 212 patients (51.1±13.2 years old, 83.5% male) undergoing catheter ablation for non-valvular AF, as well as 212 age-matched control subjects. Results: The overall frequencyof peripheral blood mtDNA4977-mut in patients with AF and controls was not significantly different (24.5% vs. 19.3%, p=0.197). When the AF patient group was stratified according to age, mtDNA4977-mut was more common (47.4% vs. 20.0%, p=0.019) in AF patients older than 65 years than their age-matched controls. Among AF patients, those with mtDNA4977-mut were older (58.1±11.9 years old vs. 48.8±11.9 years old, p<0.001). AF patients positive for the mtDNA mutation had greater LA dimension (p=0.014), higher mitral inflow peak velocity (E)/diastolic mitral annular velocity (Em) ratio (p<0.001), as well as lower endocardialvoltage (p=0.035), and slower conduction velocity (p=0.048) in the posteriorLA than those without the mutation. In multivariate analysis, E/Em ratio was found to be significantly associated with the presence of mtDNA4977-mut in peripheralblood. Conclusion: mtDNA4977-mut, an age-related somatic mutation detected in the peripheral blood, is associated with advanced age and electro-anatomicalremodeling of the atrium in non-valvular AF.

2000-2014년 한국에서 수행된 백신 유용성 평가 연구

차지혜 ( Jihei Cha ),김한울 ( Han Wool Kim ),이소영 ( Soyoung Lee ),조혜경 ( Hye Kyung Cho ),안종균 ( Jong Gyun Ahn ),김경효 ( Kyung-hyo Kim ) 대한소아감염학회 2016 Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Vol.23 No.2

목적: 2000년부터 식품의약품안전처 주관 하에 국내 주요 백신의 안전성과 면역원성에 대한 임상평가자료를 확보하기 위한 백신 평가 연구를 시작하였다. 본 연구는 백신의 면역원성, 효능, 효과, 안전성 및 다른 평가분야에 대해 수행된 연구 및 보고서들을 고찰하여 각 백신 별 유용성 평가 자료를 찾아 분석하고자 하였다. 방법: 지난 2000년부터 2014년까지 여러 연구자들에 의해 “백신 유용성 평가” 과제가 수행되었다. 백신 유용성 평가 자료들의 결과 및 성과들을 고찰하여 향후 국내 백신 정책에 활용할 수 있는 가능성을 분석하였다. 각 백신은 백신 평가 영역에 따라 자료를 분석하고 체계화하였다. 결과: 2000년부터 2014년까지 주요 백신에 대해 총 83개의 연구과제가 수행되었다. 각 백신 별로는 BCG 8개, DTaP/Td 14개, 폴리오 1개, Hib 5개, 폐구균 3개, 인플루엔자 11개, A형 간염 3개, MMR11개, 수두 11개, 일본뇌염 16개였다. 평가 영역은 안전성, 면역원성, 면역도, 면역지속능, 효능평가, 효과평가, 유효성 평가기술, 품질평가 및 기타로 나누어 분석하였다. 결론: 우리나라에서 수행된 백신 유용성 평가 연구를 통해 유용한 자료가 도출되어 향후 국내 백신 평가 사업, 백신 정책 수립 및 대중/전문가 교육에 필요한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. Purpose: Vaccine evaluation studies were initiated from 2000 by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety to produce proper data about the safety and immunogenicity of vaccines. The purpose of this study was to review studies and reports on evaluation of vaccine such as immunogenicity, efficacy, effectiveness, safety and other related topics in order to find and analyze the data on the usefulness of each vaccine. Methods: From 2000 to 2014, the project "The vaccine evaluation" had been performed by several researchers, and studies and reports of vaccine evaluation. We reviewed the results and outcomes of studies regarding the evaluation of vaccine’s usefulness and analyzed the possibilities of applying these data for establishing vaccine policies. For each vaccine, data analysis and organization were done according to evaluation fields. Results: A total of 83 studies were performed on vaccines from 2000 to 2014. For each vaccine, 8 studies were performed on BCG, 14 on DTaP/Td, 1 on poliovirus, 5 on Hib, 3 on pneumococcus, 11 on influenza, 3 on hepatitis A, 11 on MMR, 11 on varicella, and 16 on Japanese encephalitis. All studies were analyzed by the following evaluation area, such as safety, immunogenicity, seroprevalence, persistence of immunity, efficacy, effectiveness, vaccine evaluation methods, quality control product for vaccine, and others. Conclusions: Vaccine evaluation studies performed in Korea may be useful as references for establishing vaccination strategy and policy and could be used as baseline data for future studies on vaccine evaluation, vaccine policy establishment, and public/expert vaccine education in Korea.

High Spontaneous Resolution Rates of Severe Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux and Minimal Development of New Renal Scars

Cha, Jihei,Lee, Seung Joo Korean Society of Pediatric Nephrology 2016 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.20 No.1

Purpose: The previous reports regarding VUR resolution were not precise due to early frequent surgical intervention. We evaluated the spontaneous resolution (SR) rate and the incidence of new renal scars in primary VUR, focusing on severe reflux. Methods: Medical records of 334 patients with primary VUR who were on medical prophylaxis without surgery for 1 to 9 years, were retrospectively reviewed. Medical prophylaxis was initiated with low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis or probiotics. Radioisotope cystourethrography was performed every 1 to 3 years until SR of reflux. New renal scar was evaluated with follow-up $^{99m}Tc$ DMSA renal scan. Results: The SR rates decreased as VUR grades were getting higher (P=0.00). The overall and annual SR were 58.4% and 14.9%/yr in grade IV reflux and 37.5% and 9.3%/yr in grade V reflux. The median times of SR were 38 months in grade IV reflux and 66 months in grade V reflux. The probable SR rates in grade IV and V reflux were 7.8% and 8.9% in the 1st year, 46.0% and 30.8% in the 3rd year and 74.4% and 64.4% in the 5th year. The incidences of new renal scars between low to moderate reflux and severe reflux showed no significant difference (P=0.32). Conclusion: The SR rates of severe primary VUR were higher than previously reported and most new renal scars were focal and mild.

Effect of Intraoperative Mitomycin C on the Surgical Outcomes of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation with Ciliary Sulcus Tube Placement

Na Eun Kim(Na Eun Kim),Sung Sik Kim(Sung Sik Kim),Jihei Sara Lee(Jihei Sara Lee ),Kwanghyun Lee(Kwanghyun Lee),Hyoung Won Bae(Hyoung Won Bae),Sang Yeop Lee(Sang Yeop Lee),Wungrak Choi(Wungrak Choi),Ch 대한안과학회 2023 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.37 No.3

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of intraoperative mitomycin C (MMC) on the surgical outcomes of ciliary sulcus (CS) Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) tube placement. Methods: A retrospective review of medical records of 54 consecutive patients who underwent AGV implantation with tube placed in CS was performed. Consecutive cases operated without the use of intraoperative MMC from 2017 to 2019 were compared with consecutive cases operated with MMC from 2019 to 2021. Surgical failure was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) exceeding 21 mmHg in two consecutive visits after postoperative 3 months or ≤30% IOP reduction, IOP ≤5 mmHg in two consecutive visits, or loss of light perception. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test were performed to compare the surgical failure rates. Results: A total of 54 eyes of 54 patients were investigated. Mean follow-up period after AGV implantation was 1.4 ± 0.8 years. The MMC group showed significantly lower IOP during the 1st postoperative month (20.5 ± 8.6 mmHg vs. 15.8 ± 6.4 mmHg, p = 0.027), but the difference did not persist 6 months after the surgery (p = 0.805). The mean number of postoperative antiglaucoma medications was significantly lower in the MMC group in the 1st postoperative month (p = 0.047) but no difference was found at 6 months. No statistical difference was noted in the rates of postoperative complications. Kaplan- Meier survival analysis showed comparable survival rates between MMC group and no MMC group (p = 0.356). Conclusions: The intraoperative use of MMC significantly lowered IOP in the 1st postoperative month but did not increase 6 months success rates in patients receiving AGV tube placement in CS.

Green Climate Fund, Pursuing Country Ownership

Jione Jung,Jihei Song 대외경제정책연구원 2015 World Economy Brief Vol.2015 No.01

The relationship between eosinophilia and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants at less than 34 weeks' gestation

Yang, Joo Yun,Cha, Jihei,Shim, So-Yeon,Cho, Su Jin,Park, Eun Ae The Korean Pediatric Society 2014 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.57 No.4

Purpose: Eosinophilia is common in premature infants, and its incidence increases with a shorter gestation period. We investigated the clinical significance of eosinophilia in premature infants born at <34 weeks gestation. Methods: We analyzed the medical records of premature infants born at <34 weeks gestation who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital between January 2003 and September 2010. Eosinophilia was defined as an eosinophil percentage of >3% of the total leukocytes. Perinatal parameters and clinical parameters were also analyzed. Results: Of the 261 infants born at <34 weeks gestation, 22.4% demonstrated eosinophilia at birth. The eosinophil percentage peaked in the fourth postnatal week at 7.5%. The incidence of severe eosinophilia increased after birth up to the fourth postnatal week when 8.8% of all patients had severe eosinophilia. Severity of eosinophilia was positively correlated with a lower gestational age, birth weight, and Apgar score. Respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, nephrocalcinosis, intraventricular hemorrhage, and sepsis were associated with a higher eosinophil percentage. The eosinophil percentage was significantly higher in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia from the first postnatal week and the percentage was the highest in the fourth postnatal week, with the maximal difference being 4.1% (P<0.001). Conclusion: Eosinophilia is common in premature infants and reaches peak incidence and severity in the fourth postnatal week. The eosinophil percentage was significantly higher in bronchopulmonary dysplasia patients from the first postnatal week. Severe eosinophilia was significantly associated with the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia even after adjusting for other variables.

Catalyzing Investment for Renewable Energy in Developing Countries

MOON Jin-Young,SONG Jihei,Seojin LEE 대외경제정책연구원 2016 World Economy Brief Vol.2016 No.01

High circulating adiponectin level is associated with poor clinical outcome after catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Kim, Tae-Hoon,Lee, Jihei Sara,Uhm, Jae-Sun,Joung, Boyoung,Lee, Moon-Hyoung,Pak, Hui-Nam WB SAUNDERS CO LTD 2018 EUROPACE -LONDON- Vol.20 No.8

Opsonophagocytic Antibodies of Intravenous Immunoglobulin Preparations against Seven Streptococcus agalactiae Serotypes

( Ji Hyen Lee ),( Han Wool Kim ),( Jihei Cha ),( Kyung-hyo Kim ) 대한소아감염학회 2021 Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Vol.28 No.1

목적: Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus [GBS])은 신생아, 임산부 및 성인에서 침습성 감염의 주요 원인균이다. 면역체계가 손상되거나 약화된 경우, 잘 알려진 10개의 GBS 혈청형 중 흔하지 않은 IV, VI-IX에 의해 침습적인 질환이 발생할 수 있다. 그러나, 지금까지 사람의 혈청 및 정주용 면역글로불린(intravenous immunoglobulin, IVIG) 제제 중 GBS의 흔하지 않은 혈청형에 대한 옵소닌 항체(opsonophagocytic antibody) 활동은 연구되지 않았다. 면역글로불린 치료 요법은 일차 항체 결핍증(primary antibody deficiency, PAD) 환자의 침습적 감염을 치료하거나 예방하는 데 사용된다. 이 연구에서는 면역글로불린에서 GBS에 대한 옵소닌 항체 활성을 평가하고자 한다. 방법: 2015-2016년 국내 두 회사에서 사용가능한 16개 면역글로불린에 대하여 7개 GBS 혈청형 (II 및 IV-IX)에 대한 옵소닌 항체 활성도(opsonic index [OI])를 HL-60 세포와 아기토끼 보체를 사용하여 옵소닌 분석법(opsonophagocytic assay)을 통해 분석하였다. (UAB GBS OPA, http://www.vaccine.uab.edu). 결과: 모든 면역글로불린 제제에서 GBS에 대한 OI의 검출 한계점(≥4)을 초과하였다. 혈청형 VII의 경우, OI 값은 6-136으로 모든 혈청형 중에서 가장 낮았다. IVIG의 최저 수준(trough level)을 추정해볼 때, 일반적인 면역글로불린 용량 (400 mg/kg)은 PAD 환자에게 침습성 GBS 감염을 예방하기 위한 적합한 용량으로 보인다. 결론: 국내에서 사용중인 면역글로불린 제품은 GBS에 대한 높은 수준의 옵소닌 항체 활성을 나타냈다. 면역글로불린은 PAD 환자에게 유용한 치료 또는 예방조치가 될 수 있을 것으로 보인다. Purpose: Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a causative organism of invasive infections in neonates and pregnant women as well as in non-pregnant adults. Among 10 known serotypes of GBS, uncommon serotypes, such as IV and VI to IX, can cause invasive infections in immunocompromised patients. However, opsonophagocytic antibodies against these serotypes in human sera and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) have not yet been studied. IVIG therapy is used to treat or prevent invasive infections in patients with primary antibody deficiencies. Here, we analyzed the activity of opsonophagocytic antibodies against GBS in IVIG preparations. Methods: Opsonophagocytic antibody activity (opsonic index [OI]) against seven GBS serotypes (II and IV to IX) was evaluated in 16 commercially available IVIG preparations using the opsonophagocytic assay (OPA) in HL-60 cells and baby rabbit complement assay during 2015-2016 in South Korea (UAB GBS OPA, at http://www.vaccine.uab.edu). Results: The estimated serum trough levels of OIs against GBS exceeded the limit of detection (≥4) in all IVIG preparations. For serotype VII, the serum levels of OIs were 6-136, the lowest among all serotypes. An IVIG dose of 400 mg/kg was found to be appropriate for immunocompromised individuals to prevent invasive GBS infections. Conclusions: Most immunoglobulin products displayed high levels of opsonophagocytic activity against GBS, except for serotype VII. IVIG preparations could serve as a therapeutic or immunomodulatory agent for immunocompromised individuals.