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컴퓨터 언어 보조 학습의 제반 이론 : an Interdisciplinary Field of Study
김지영 중앙대학교 외국어문학연구소 2000 외국학연구 Vol.- No.4
<Abstract> CALL(Computer-Assisted Language Learning) is interdisciplinary in nature and it has eveolved out of using the computer for instructional purposes across a wide variety of subject areas. This paper reviews theories and research from second language acquisition; 2) psychology; 3) artificial intelligence; 4) natural language processing; 5) human-computer interaction and 6) instructional design. By reviewing theories and research from other disciplines, a clearer understanding of theory and practice of CALL would emerge. It would also provide solutions for the problems in the CALL area, such as a lack of standards for current generation of CALL material developments and no reliable conceptual framework by which to measure the CALL programs.
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심지영 새한영어영문학회 2008 새한영어영문학 Vol.50 No.4
The purpose of this study is to show the differences of the verbs see and watch by comparing their noun and adverb collocations. This study analyzes 114 noun and 37 adverb collocations which are chosen from BYU/COCA(the Corpus of Comtemporary American English) program. The findings of this study are as follows: According to Lee(2006)'s definition, the meanings of see are defined as 'To be aware of sth/sb' and 'To meet sb' while those of watch are defined as 'To look at and pay attention to sth/sb' and 'To take care of sth/sb'. The noun and adverb collocations of see and watch are strongly related with the meanings of each verb. See and watch collocate the same nouns(54(47.4%)) such as aunt, conductor etc. The preferred nouns of see(42(36.8%)) are some groups such as criminals, medical personnel, religious personnel etc. and those of watch(18(l5.8%)) are other groups like sportsmen, celebrities, passersby etc. The same adverbs which collocate two verbs are the adverbs of tense(6(l6.2)) like later, today etc. The preferred adverbs of see(11(29.7%)) are some adverbs such as esp, ibid, socially etc. and those of watch(20(54.1%)) are other adverbs like helplessly, intently, constantly, apprehensively etc. The findings of this study indicate that the meanings of the synonyms and their collocations are strongly related with each other; therefore, acquiring collocation knowledge of each word can help one understand and distinguish these synonyms more easily.
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문용화,김지현,강웅철,박병은,고영국,최동훈,유경종 대한내과학회 2004 대한내과학회지 Vol.66 No.3
관동맥우회술을 포함한 심장수술 후에 생기는 급성 장간막경색은 매우 드물지만 치명적인 합병증으로 발생률은 비교적 낮으나 사망률은 매우 높게 보고 되고 있다. 본 증례에서는 55세 여자 환자가 관동맥우회술을 시행받고 수술 후 1일째에 발생한 복부통증에 대해서 장간막경색증을 의심하지 못하고 수술과 연관된 비특이적 증상으로 판단하였으나 그 후 환자의 증상이 악화되면서 상장간막동맥 혈전 색전증에 의한 광범위한 급성 장괴사로 판명되었다. 관독맥우회술 후 상장간막 동맥에 생긴 혈전색전증에 의해 발생한 급성 장간막경색의 증례는 국내에 보고된 바 없고 본 증례를 통해 교육적인 경험을 하였기에 저자들은 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. 심폐우회술을 요하는 심장수술을 받은 환자 중 특히 급성 장간막허혈의 위험인자를 가지고 있는 환자에 대해서는 급성 장간막허혈이 생길 수 있다는 세심한 관찰이 진단이 늦어지지 않게 하는 방법이며 장간막허혈이 의심되면 즉시 적극적인 진단 및 치료적인 접근을 시도해야 하겠다. Acute mesenteric ischemia leading to massive bowel infarction following cardiac surgery particularly coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), is reported to be a very rare but serious life-threatening complication. In this case, a 55-year-old female underwent CABG and complained of abdominal pain on the first postoperative day, which was thought to be nonspecifically related to the operation wound, In the further hospital course, the patient was found to have extensive acute mesenteric infarction due to thromboembolism of superior mesenteric artery. This is a valuable educational case, since only high index of suspicion does not delay making a diagnosis especially in the patients with risk factors of acute mesenteric ischemia after cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass. On suspicion of acute mesenteric ischemia, an aggressive diagnostic and therapeutic approach should be performed immediately.(Korean J Med 66:317-320, 2004)
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Effects of Polysaccharide Ginsan from Panax ginseng on Liver Function
Jie-Young Song,Medea Akhalaia,Alexander Platonov,Hyung-Doo Kim,In-Sung Jung,Young-Soo Han,윤연숙 대한약학회 2004 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.27 No.5
Ginsan, a polysaccharide isolated from Panax ginseng, has been shown to be a potent immunomodulator, producing a variety of cytokines such as TNF-a, IL-1b, IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, IFN-g and GM-CSF, and stimulating lymphoid cells to proliferate. In the present study, we analyzed some immune functions 1st-5th days after ginsan i.p. injection, including the level of non-protein thiols (NPSH) as antioxidants, heme oxygenase (HO) activity as a marker of oxidative stress, zoxazolamine-induced paralysis time and level of hepatic cytochrome P-450 (CYP450) as indices of drug metabolism system, and activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, and albumin level as indicators of hepatotoxicity. Ginsan in the dose of 100 mg/kg caused marked elevation (1.7~2 fold) of HO activity, decrease of total CYP450 level (by 20-34%), and prolongation of zoxazolamine- induced paralysis time (by 65-70%), and showed some differences between male and female mice. Ginsan treatment did not seem to cause hepatic injury, since serum AST, ALT, and ALP activities and levels of total bilirubin and albumin were not changed.
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Jie Wang,Young Koo Park,Young Min Jo 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.89 No.-
For effective capture of low-level indoor CO2, a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solution was doped withpotassium hydroxide (KOH) before electrospinning to increase the specific surface area andmicroporosity of the resulting activated carbon nanofiber (ANF). Additionally, the KOH-doped ANFwas treated with tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) in ethanol to introduce nitrogen functionalitiesfavorable for CO2 adsorption on the surface. The sequential improvements of the physical and chemicalproperties of ANF were carried out at a PAN: KOH mass ratio of 1:0 0.05 and TEPA solutionconcentrations of 1, 2, and 3%. The effects of KOH and TEPA on the structure and chemical propertieswere investigated using a Monosorb instrument, afield-emission scanning electron microscope, athermogravimetric analyzer, and an x-ray photoelectron spectrometer. In terms of the texturalimprovements resulting from KOH doping, a sample of 0.03-ANF showed a significant increase inspecific surface area: from 94.59 for pristine ANF to 469.09 m2/g after treatment. The XPS(X-rayphotoelectron spectroscopy) examinations also showed a large increase in the content of the nitrogen-containing functional groups on the sample treated with TEPA, thereby increasing the selectiveadsorption capacity of 0.3% CO2 by 21-fold. The combination of textural enhancement by KOHimpregnation and surface chemistry enhancement provided by the TEPA doping improved the low-level CO2 capture capability of ANF.
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