John Donne`s Devotions upon Emergent Occasions I: Corporeal Infirmity, Misery, and Subsequent Reverberation

( Jie Ae Yu ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2015 현대영어영문학 Vol.59 No.1

This article aims to investigate how the first chapter of John Donne’s Devotions upon Emergent Occasions features his unswerving contemplations into his physical enervation and its vigorous influences on the inner workings of his mind. The author establishes one of the recurrent issues throughout the whole work ― his perception of wretchedness in the midst of the bodily ordeal. He depicts the present condition of discomfort, enquiring as to where man’s unforeseen, bitter occasion would possibly originate. While dealing with this subject, Donne simultaneously draws on the imperishable spirit inherent within his mind, which enables him to sustain the afflictive aftermaths of physical weakness. He elaborates on the coherent thematic conceptions by utilizing the intertwined structural patterns of “Meditation,” “Expostulation,” and “Prayer,” which are constituted within this chapter.(Changwon National University)

John Donne's La Corona: the Anticipation of Spiritual Affliction and Enhancement in Holy Sonnets

Jie-Ae Yu 한국영미어문학회 2013 영미어문학 Vol.- No.108

This article aims to examine how John Donne's La Corona formulates the recurrent motif of the speaker's internal distress and unswerving attempt to regenerate spiritual vehemence. Numerous textual passages of the poem elucidate the manifold accounts for the speaker's spiritual discomfort, simultaneously expounding his utmost endeavor to relieve from his current tribulation. This vigorous procedure inherent in his interior world features the collateral situation and attitude of the poetic speakers manifested in Donne's Holy Sonnets, most of which were composed in his turbulent period of the 1610s. Donne makes a contrived anticipation of his thematic concerns with the unfathomable dilemmas in the process of his religious confrontation. The writer, who foreshadows the speaker's frustration and resilience in La Corona, propounds these crucial ideas in Holy Sonnets, whereby enriching his persistent preoccupation with the irresolvable sides of human endeavors and enterprises.

Unraveling Internal Burdens, Predicament, and a Pursuit of Liberation in John Donne’s Hymns

Jie Ae Yu 한국영미어문학회 2018 영미어문학 Vol.- No.130

This paper examines how Donne’s three hymns feature his interrelated perceptions of inner disease, afflictive struggle, and a quest for liberation from such internal ordeals. Resonating confessional articulation of Holy Sonnets regarding his religious dilemmas, Donne’s hymns intensify his persistent concern with wrongdoings and consequential afflictions through the heavy load on his mind. However, he simultaneously shows resilient power not to succumb to the disruption of his faith identity. Donne’s recognitions of sinfulness and affliction encompasses his humane disputation with the Almighty. However, they are embedded with the author’s ultimate recovery of confiding in His presence and imperishable activities, despite his agony necessitated by physical and internal weakness.

Byron’s Hebrew Melodies and the Manifold Repercussions of Music

( Jie-ae Yu ) 대한영어영문학회 2016 영어영문학연구 Vol.42 No.4

The main purpose of this article is to investigate how Byron’s Hebrew Melodies features his diverse deployment of the function of music in personal, social, and spiritual domains. Byron’s utilization of music is closely entwined with enhancing his thematic considerations such as the curing process of the speaker’s heavy heart imposed by the continual sense of private, inward distress. The author’s manifestation of music is also used to enact the imperishable achievement and fame of a dead person whereby his absence does not leave friends and relatives bereft and miserable. In addition, Byron accentuates the social function of music which enables the Hebrews to maintain their identity and unification in sharing their afflictive moment of slavery. Hebrew Melodies further embodies the spiritual power of music which drives the Hebrews to yearn for regaining their past glory and liberation. (Changwon National University)

Byron`s Don Juan VII-VIII: Characters` Diverse Attitudes toward Glory through War

( Jie Ae Yu ) 한국영어영문학회 2010 영어 영문학 Vol.56 No.3

논문 : Unraveling Spiritual Darkness in John Donne`s Holy Sonnets, 1, 5, and 19

( Jie Ae Yu ) 한국문학과종교학회 2013 문학과종교 Vol.18 No.1

본 논문의 목적은 존 던이 지은『성시』1, 5, 그리고 19번에 나타난 시적 화자들의 영적 어두움에 대한 종교적인 체험과 화자들이 이러한 내적 불인성에 대해 어떻게 반응하는가를 살펴보는데 있다. 존 던의 작품 전제를 통해 보았을 째 그는 인간의 죄, 두려움, 그리고 죽음의 문제에 대해 진지하게 성찰한 작이며 이러한 면모는 그의『성시』를 통해 더 강렬하게 나타나 있다. 특히 화자들의 영적인 어두운 면과 부합되어 복잡 미묘하게 그려지고 있다. 화자들은 신에 대한 믿음과 열정에 대해 불안한 심리 상태를 공통적으로 보여주고 있는데 이는 자신들이 과거에 범한 그릇됨과 이에 대해 내려질 신의 심판에 대한 두려움과 연관되어져 있음을 볼 수 있다. 이러한 유사점 이외에도 세 가지 시들은 시적 화자들이 영적 암흑 내지는 신앙의 어려움에 대해 어떻게 다르게 반응하고 있는가도 드러내주고 있다. 아울러 화자들은 이러한 신앙의 문제들을 직면함에 있어서 이를 해결하고자 각자 나름대로 노력하는 모습도 보여주고 있다. 이는 그들이 신의 자비와 은총 그리고 죄를 정화시켜 주는 전지전능함에 전적으로 의탁함으로써 가능해 짐을 잘 묘사해준다. 존 던은 이러한 궁극적인 신앙의 자세를 잘 그려주고 있지만, 아울러 시적 화자들이 영적인 회개와 강인함을 얻어가는 과정에서 인간의 나약함과 딜레마를 어떻게 대면하는가에 대해서도 다루고 있음을 알 수 있다. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate how John Donne`s Holy Sonnets 1, 5, and 19 feature the poetic speakers` religious experiences of spiritual gloom and their reactions to the internal turbulences. A number of textual evidences of the sonnets elucidate various reasons why the speaker undertakes the ineradicable torment inherent in his minds and hearts. Donne`s persistent concerns with sin, fear, and mortality are intertwined with each other while he formulates the entangled state of the spiritual darkness. The three sonnets intensify the diverse aspects of the shadow of religious endeavors in the course of the speaker`s struggling with his enthusiasm and commitment to God. The various facets of the speakers` inner torment are characterized by their anxiety about past wrongdoings and God`s punitive measures. Their contemplation into these dark sides brings forward their abhorrence of the bound of human life. Donne`s close examination of the spiritual distress is expanded into a further investigation into the speakers` earnest reaction to solve their current problems. Their ardent request for God`s mercy, grace and purification plays vital roles in relieving the speakers from the haunting sense of affliction and convulsion. Donne`s paradoxical treatment of their internal murkiness and resilience, however, becomes more elaborate when he endorses the unfathomable and ironic dilemma of human weakness in searching for the religious devotion and enhancement.

Byron and Christianity

( Jie-ae Yu ) 현대영미어문학회 2015 현대영미어문학회 추계학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2015 No.-

Suppressed Passions: Lord Byron`s The Two Foscari

( Jie Ae Yu ) 한국영어영문학회 2003 영어 영문학 Vol.49 No.4

It is a little known fact that Lord Byron, who is mainly regarded as a poet, composed eight closet dramas between 1816 and 1823. Despite the fact that these plays demonstrate a considerable amount of dramatic skill, both Romantic and modem critics have largely identified their characters with Byron himself, This stereotypical perception of the poet`s private life, known as the Byronic myth, has led many critics to presume that the protagonists of his dramas are little more than self-portraits, and hence to dismiss the objectivity which Byron achieves through his use of plot structure, theme, ideas and various dramatic techniques. Byron`s historical tragedy, The Two Foscari (written and published in1823), is based upon the tragic lives of an aristocratic father and son who lived in Venice in the fourteenth century. The play`s dramatic subject is the conflict between the Foscaris` sense of duty and patriotism, and the opposing tyranny of the Venetian oligarchy. In portraying this clash, Byron explores ideas of individual will, reason, patriotism, and public responsibility developed by Stoic philosophers such as cicero, Seneca, and Montaigne. At the same time, Byron is alert to the dilemma and limitations of stoic philosophy, which prohibits the expression of emotions. This crucial aspect of the play is embodied by the dramatic contrast which Byron sets up between the emotionally controlled Foscaris and the antithetical figures Marina and Loredano, who are ruled by their passions. Byron thus draws upon contemporary dramas about passion, in particular, those written by Joanna Baillie. Byron`s dramatic skill is further evident during key moments in the play when he interweaves silence and speech. In The Two Foscari Byron also seeks to transcend the limitations of Romantic theater, which tended to be frivolous and melodramatic. He perceived that the contemporary stage lacked the potential to display the subtleties of ideas, theme, and characters` interior worlds. Avoiding the faults of stage representation, Byron makes best use of the freedom of his chosen dramatic form. Lastly, the play also challenges conventional misconceptions about the depth of Byron`s religious and moral feelings.

Loss and the Ironic Consequences of Human Enterprises in Old English Poems

( Jie-ae Yu ) 현대영미어문학회 2011 현대영미어문학회 추계학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2011 No.-

Byron`s Reworking of Thomas Campbell: Unfolding Gloom in Darkness

( Jie Ae Yu ) 한국영어영문학회 2012 영어 영문학 Vol.58 No.3

This article aims to investigate how Byron reworks Thomas Campbell`s The Last Man while contriving the various strata of distress and blackness in his 1816 poem Darkness. The author initially deploys the recurrent motif of the speaker`s perception of gloom and heavy heart in "My Soul is Dark" (1814), concentrating on the individual facets of pain and internal turmoil. The subsequent poem Darkness maintains the underlying theme of murkiness portrayed in the previous work, yet Byron propounds such a major poetic concern through a larger perspective of the universe and the multitude`s reactions to the dark, abhorrent circumstances. In dealing with this matter, Byron, who had a great admiration for Campbell among his contemporary writers, creatively adopts Campbell`s 1806 poem, The Last Man. The article examines how Byron`s poetic considerations rework Campbell`s text into Darkness by way of making his vigorous, creative elaborations on thematic motif, structural pattern, and diverse images. While exploring this subject, the article reverberates Byron`s other 1816 works in which he unveils his persistent reflections and psychological affiliations to desolation and distress.