A Study of Power Distribution between Engine and Motor for a CVT Based Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle

Jian Ji,Chao Ma,Hyunsoo Kim(김현수) 한국자동차공학회 2011 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.5

In this paper, an optimal control strategy on how to distribute the demanded vehicle power to the engine and motor for a CVT based parallel hybrid electric vehicle is proposed. The purpose of this strategy is to find the optimized CVT gear ratio to maximize the integrated efficiency of the engine and motor. Although considerable fuel economy is achieved, depletion of battery energy occurs since the optimal strategy takes the motor as a primary power source and distributes the demanded vehicle power to the motor as much as possible. To solve this problem, a practical modification is made for the proposed control strategy. Modified control strategy takes the engine as a primary power source and distributes the demanded vehicle power to the engine as much as possible. It is found from the simulation results that 2.3% improvement of the fuel economy is achieved by the modified control strategy compared with that of a weight factor based power assist control algorithm.

Motor Control of a Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle

Jian Ji,Chao Ma,Hyunsoo Kim 한국자동차공학회 2010 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2010 No.11

In this paper, a control strategy of a CVT based parallel hybrid electric vehicle is proposed. The control strategy is developed based on the assumption that the energy flow from/to the motor/battery within a successive deceleration and acceleration process is equal. For power distribution between the motor and engine, first, the motor power is determined from the viewpoint of battery energy balance and, then, the remaining power is supplied by the engine. In this way, improved fuel economy is achieved since more regenerative braking energy can be recuperated and both the motor and engine operate in a higher efficiency region compared with that of the power assist control algorithm. It is found from the simulation results that almost symmetric motor (generator) performance is observed in the motor speed/torque/efficiency map and 5.1% improvement of the fuel economy is achieved by the proposed strategy.

Development of Torque Converter Lockup Performance Evaluation Environment using SimulationX

Jian Ji,Oheun Kwon,Sangwon Lee,Jaeduk Jang,Hyunsoo Kim 한국자동차공학회 2012 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2012 No.11

In this paper, a lockup performance evaluation environment is developed using SimulationX by considering the engine vibration and the shaft torsional resistance. Every shaft is modeled as damper-spring system and the engine output torque is modeled as the sum of average torque and vibration torque. Using the performance evaluation environment, the torque converter lockup performance is investigated by changing various design specifications, i.e. spring rate, travel, hysteresis of the lockup clutch damper system. It is found that the torque converter lockup performances can be evaluated effectively in terms of driveline vibration.

The Optimization Process of Aircraft Side Panel’s Weight Reduction Based on Orthogonal Experiment

Jianjie Chu,Pengchao Wang,Lei Wang,Wenzhe Cun,Meixuan Zhang 한국항공우주학회 2021 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.22 No.6

Reducing aircraft weight for engineering and manufacturing processes is very important but challenging. To solve this problem, a weight-reduction optimization design method for aircraft side panels based on orthogonal experiments and finite-element analysis was proposed for the first time in this paper. The design factors of the aircraft side panels and the layout of composite materials were comprehensively considered in an orthogonal design experiment and optimized using the finite-element analysis software ABAQUS. The side panels were locally strengthened to reduce the thickness of the honeycomb core in the composite material to meet the strength requirements, thereby reducing the weight of the side panels. The final experimental scheme was 245.7 g (11.4%) lighter than the original scheme, showing that the proposed method can efficiently and rapidly achieve significant weight reduction of aircraft side panels.

Inhibition of Tumor Growth by Recombinant Adenovirus Containing Human Lactoferrin through Inducing Tumor Cell Apoptosis in Mice Bearing EMT6 Breast Cancer

Jianjie Wang,Qingwang Li,Yetao Ou,Zengsheng Han,Kun Li,Peijun Wang,Shaobo Zhou 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.6

Human lactoferrin (hLTF), an 80-kDa iron-binding glycoprotein, has antitumor activity. In this study, a recombinant adenovirus containing the human lactoferrin cDNA (ad-rhLTF) was constructed and its effect on tumor growth was investigated in mice bearing EMT6 breast cancer. Ad-rhLTF was injected seven times within 14 days into the tumor site at two concentrations (10^8 and 5 × 10^8 pfu/mL) in mice bearing EMT6 breast cancer. Injected ad-rhLTF had considerable cytotoxicity on mice breast cancer, and significantly reducing the weight of tumor produced and increasing the tumor inhibition rate up to 52.64%. The presence of apoptotic cells was confirmed using TUNEL staining and flow cytometry assays. At the same time, RTPCR and Western blot analyses demonstrated that ad-rhLTF also decreased expression of Bcl-2 and increased Bax and caspase 3 expressions. Therefore, we conclude that ad-rhLTF inhibits tumor growth by inducing tumor cell apoptosis in mice with breast cancer by triggering the mitochondrial-dependent pathway and activation of caspase 3. The results indicate that adrhLTF might be a promising drug for breast cancer gene therapy.

Prognostic Evaluation of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma with Bone-Only Metastasis after Therapy

Jianji Pan,Tianzhu Lu,Qiaojuan Guo,Xiaofei Cui,Zhuhong Chen,Shaojun Lin,Luying Xu,Jin Lin,Jingfeng Zong 연세대학교의과대학 2016 Yonsei medical journal Vol.57 No.4

Purpose: To evaluate the prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients who developed bone-only metastasis after primarytreatment and the stratification of these patients into different risk groups based on independent prognostic factors. Materials and Methods: Eighty NPC patients who developed bone-only metastasis after definitive radiotherapy from October 2005to December 2010 were enrolled. All these patients received palliative treatment for bone metastasis, including chemotherapyand/or radiotherapy. Clinical features, treatment modality, and laboratory parameters were examined with univariate and multivariateanalyses. Results: The median follow-up time was 15.5 months (range, 2–67 months) for the whole cohort. The median overall metastaticsurvival (OMS) time and the 2-year estimate OMS rate were 26.5 months and 52%, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated thatpatients with short metastases-free interval, multiple bone metastases sites, high serum lactic dehydrogenase levels, and treatedwith radiotherapy or chemotherapy alone had significantly worse outcomes. Patients were stratified into three different risk groupsbased on the number of adverse factors present. The OMS curves of the three groups were all significantly different (p<0.001). Conclusion: Severl prognostic factors were found to be associated with worse outcomes. According to the number of adverse factorspresent, bone-only metastasis patients can be stratified into three risk groups with significantly different prognoses. Suchgrouping may help in improving the design of clinical trials and in guiding individualized treatment for NPC patients with boneonlymetastasis.

중국 유통산업의 경제적 파급효과 분석

봉제제 ( Feng Jianjie ),채지흔 ( Cai Zhixin ),맹해양 ( Meng Haeyang ),배기형 ( Bae Kihyung ) 한국유통경영학회(구 한국유통정보학회) 2017 유통경영학회지 Vol.20 No.5

본 연구는 중국 유통산업의 경제적 파급효과를 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 중국 통계국의 2015년에 발표한 2012년 산업연관표를 이용하여 도·소매업을 유통산업으로 구분하고 분석하였다. 분석 결과 중국 유통산업의 경제적 파급효과는 다음과 같다. 우선, 중국 유통산업의 생산유발계수는 열 합계 1.809, 행 합계 4.143으로 제조업과 일부 서비스업을 제외하곤 낮은 생산유발효과를 보이고 있다. 둘째, 중국 유통산업은 감응도 계수는 1보다 큰 1.393, 영향력계수는 0.6084로 1보다 작아 중간수요적 원시산업이다. 셋째, 중국 유통산업의 부가가치유발계수는 1로 이는 유통산업 전체에서의 부가가치 창출의 기회가 거의 모든 것이 국내에서 이루어지고 있음을 의미하며, 소득유발계수는 0.324이다. 특히 생산세 유발계수는 0.274로 유통산업의 세부담이 큼을 알 수 있다. 넷째, 중국 유통산업의 최종수요액 7.2조 위안을 국가 경제에 투입할 경우 전 산업에서 유발되는 총생산유발액은 491.7조 위안으로 이중 유통산업 산업 자체는 총 19.4조 위안으로 3.9%에 달한다. 그리고 총부가가치유발액 196.9조 위안 중 유통산업은 13.4조 위안(6.8%), 총생산세 유발액 약24.2조 위안 중 유통산업은 4.4조 위안(18.1%), 총소득유발액 약72.7조 위안 중 유통산업은 4.0조 위안(5.5%)를 차지하는 것으로 각각 나타났다. This study aims to analyze the economic effects of the Chinese distribution industry. To this end, the wholesale and the retail industry were classified and analyzed as the distribution industry by using the 2012 input-output table released by the Bureau of Statistics of China in 2015. The results shows that the economic impact of the Chinese distribution industry is as follows. First, the production inducement coefficient of the distribution industry in China is 1.809(row) in total, 4.143(column), which shows a low production inducement effect except manufacturing and some service industries. Second, in the Chinese distribution industry, Index of the sensitivity dispersion is 1.393, which is greater than 1, and the index of the power of dispersion is 0.6084, Third, the value added inducement coefficient of the Chinese distribution industry is 1, which means that almost all opportunities for creating added value in the retail industry are performed in China, and the income inducement coefficient is 0.324. Especially, the tax inducement coefficient is 0.274, which shows that the tax burden of the distribution industry is large. Fourth, when the final demand amount of 7.2 trillion yuan in the Chinese distribution industry is put into the national economy, the total industrial production induced by the whole industry is 491.7 trillion yuan, which is 19.4 trillion yuan, or 3.9%. In the total value added inducement amount of 196.9 trillion yuan, distribution industry is 13.4 trillion yuan (6.8%), gross tax inducement amount is about 24.2 trillion yuan, distribution industry is 4.4 trillion yuan(18.1 percent) (5.5%), in the gross income inducement amount about 72.7 trillion yuan, distribution industry accounted for 4.0 trillion yuan (5.5%) respectively.

Optimized Resource Allocation for Utility-Based Routing in Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks

( Yanjun Li ),( Jianji Shao ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.5

Utility-based routing is a special type of routing approach using a composite utility metric when making routing decisions in ad hoc and sensor networks. Previous studies on the utility-based routing all use fixed retry limit and a very simple distance related energy model, which makes the utility maximization less efficient and the implementation separated from practice. In this paper, we refine the basic utility model by capturing the correlation of the transmit power, the retry limit, the link reliability and the energy cost. A routing algorithm based on the refined utility model with adaptive transmit power and retry limit allocation is proposed. With this algorithm, packets with different priorities will automatically receive utility-optimal delivery. The design of this algorithm is based on the observation that for a given benefit, there exists a utility-maximum route with optimal transmit power and retry limit allocated to intermediate forwarding nodes. Delivery along the utility-optimal route makes a good balance between the energy cost and the reliability according to the value of the packets. Both centralized algorithm and distributed implementations are discussed. Simulations prove the satisfying performance of the proposed algorithm.

A Novel Hybrid Random Copolymer Poly(MAPOSS-co-NIPAM-co-OEGMA-co-2VP): Synthesis, Characterization, Self-Assembly Behaviors and Multiple Responsive Properties

Yiting Xu,Jianjie Xie,Lingnan Chen,Conghui Yuan,Yinyin Pan,Ling Cheng,Weiang Luo,Birong Zeng,Lizong Dai 한국고분자학회 2013 Macromolecular Research Vol.21 No.12

A novel organic/inorganic hybrid amphiphilic random copolymer poly(methacrylate isobutyl POSS-co-N-isopropylacrylamide-co-oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-co-2-vinylpyridine), poly(MAPOSS-co-NIPAM-co-OEGMA-co-2VP), was synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The self-assembly behavior of random copolymers in aqueous solution was investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate the novel random copolymer in water could self-assemble into spherical aggregates and the self-aggregate size displays a remarkable dependence on pH. The stimuli-responsive characteristics of these assembles were tested by means of UV-vis spectra,DLS and TEM. There is a critic Zn2+ concentration over which the aggregates can be coordinated into well-define spherical aggregate clusters. The critic Zn2+ concentration can be tuned finely through adjusting solution concentration or 2VP amount. Results from UV-vis and DLS reveal that the copolymer solutions exhibit a sharp and intensive lower critical solution temperature (LCST). Some factors such as the solution concentration, molecular weight, pH and copolymer generation, which could affect the cloud point, were studied systematically. The essentially predetermined LCST can be achieved by altering the content of 2VP or pH. In addition, these novel hybrid aggregates can undergo an association/disassociation cycle with the heating and cooling of solution and the degree of reversibility shows a strong concentration dependence. As a novel organic-inorganic hybrid material which can respond to multiple external stimuli including temperature, pH, metal ions with sharp stimuli-responsive behaviors, it is potentially used for biomedicine, catalysis, diagnostics, bioseparations, biosensors and for fundamental investigation.

Interpenetration Enhancing of Chitosan-PEGLM Double Network (DN) Hydrogel and Its Properties

Yiting Xu,Jianjie Xie,Hui Gao,Ying Cao,Min Chen,Yanling Liu,Birong Zeng,Feng-Chih Chang,Lizong Dai 한국고분자학회 2015 Macromolecular Research Vol.23 No.1

A series of polylactic acid-polyethylene glycol-polylactic acid diacrylate macromers (PEGLM) were synthesized,and a novel chitosan-PEGLM double network (DN) hydrogel was further successfully fabricated by thesequential interpenetrating technology with highly cross-linked chitosan as the rigid component and PEGLM as theflexible component. Their structures and components were characterized by 1H NMR, FTIR, and XRD. Their fracturemorphology was investigated by SEM. It was interesting to found that the compressive strength of hydrogel woundreach its maximum value when the chitosan content was 10%, no matter what the molecular weight of PEGLM componentwas. What’s more, we found that the compressive strength of 6KL7 could reach 1.07 MPa at gel state, whosePEG segment molecular weight was 6,000, and polymerization degree of PLA was 7. The effects of glutaraldehyderatio, polymerization degree of PLA, and molecular weight of PEG segment on the mechanical strength of DNhydrogels were also discussed in this article. To further strengthen DN hydrogels, the double network-linear (DNL)hydrogels were fabricated by introducing linear poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) into the DN hydrogels. The DN-Lhydrogels exhibited better mechanical properties, with the compressive strength up to 1.45 MPa. These hydrogelsmay have prospective applications in the fields of wound dressing, artificial cartilage and tissue engineering scaffoldmaterials which require high mechanical properties.