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Life history responses of the cabbage beetle Colaphellus bowringi to temperature change
Jian‐Jun Tang,Hai-Min HE,Ting GENG,Shu FU,Fang-Sen XUE 한국곤충학회 2016 Entomological Research Vol.46 No.6
Temperature is considered one of the most important mediators of phenotypic plasticity in ectotherms. Here, we investigated life history traits of the cabbage beetle, Colaphellus bowringi Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), at a wide range of temperatures (16, 19, 22, 24, 26 and 28°C). The larval and pupal times were significantly decreased with increasing rearing temperature and growth rate was positively correlated with temperature. However, the relationship between body size and rearing temperature in C. bowringi did not follow the temperature–size rule; both males and females reached the highest body weight at 19°C. Females were significantly larger than males at all temperatures. Male pupae lost significantly more weight at metamorphosis compared to females. However, diapausing males gained significantly higher weight after feeding compared to diapausing females at higher temperatures of 22, 24, 26 and 28°C. Body weight tended to decrease with increasing rearing temperature, whereas sexual size dimorphism (SSD) tended to increase with increasing rearing temperature; thus, Rensch's rule is upheld. The degree to which SSD changed with temperature varied with different development stages. SSD was lowest in pupae, highest in newly emerged adults and intermediate in diapausing adults.
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Fu‑an Hua,Hong‑wu Song,Tao Sun,Jian‑ping Li 대한금속·재료학회 2020 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.26 No.3
A model based on inter-diffusion theory was established to predict growth kinetics of the intermetallic compounds (IMCs)formed in roll bonded Al/Cu sheets during annealing process. The model can give good prediction of both IMC layers growthkinetics and element concentration distribution at the interface of roll bonded Cu/Al sheets with different thickness underdifferent annealing conditions with certain roll reduction range. It is revealed that the calculated results of the proposedmodel are depended on the inter-diffusion coefficient of each components, which could be related to the interface bondingstate, i.e., bonding methods or rolling reductions for roll bonding. And there was big difference in inter-diffusion coefficientof Al and Cu matrix under different bonding state, while the inter-diffusion coefficient of IMCs changed slightly.
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Jian‑bo Xie,Bei‑bei Liu,Xiang‑yu Wu,Jian‑xun Fu 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.5
This work aims to comprehensively summarize the types and distribution of the isolated Bi particles and MnS inclusions inthe Bi-bearing steels, to study the precipitated behavior of sulfide, and to study the effect of Bi particles on grain sizes andthe volume thermal expansion coefficients of the steels. Results show that the average percentage of the isolated Bi particles,semi-encapsulation, complete encapsulation, back-bridge, tiny encapsulation, cavity bridge Bi–MnS inclusions in the Bibearingsteels was 16.89%, 20.49%, 3.44%, 16.89%, 31.63%, 10.66%, respectively. The average equivalent diameters of thegrains in the 0 ppm, 130 ppm, 240 ppm, 760 ppm, 1200 ppm and 2300 ppm Bi content steels were 20.88, 20.17, 19.54, 18.13,13.98 and 13.25 μm, respectively. The precipitated equilibrium mass concentration product of the MnS (w[Mn]·w[S]) wascalculated to be 1.07, and the solid fraction fS value was 0.61. At 950 °C, the volume thermal expansion coefficient change(ΔVE) in 760 ppm Bi content steel was minimum 4 × 10–10%, while at 461.6 °C the ΔVE was maximum, 0.09%, which meansthat Bi affected the volume thermal expansion of the steel strongest in this temperature range.
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Fu‑xiang Cao,Kun‑kun Deng,Cui‑ju Wang,Kai‑bo Nie,Wei Liang,Jian‑feng Fan 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.12
The 10 μm 10 vol% SiCp/2024Al composites sheet was successfully fabricated by semi-solid stir casting followed withtwo-step deformation (extrusion and rolling). The two-step thermal deformation solves the sheet rolling formability of theSiCp/2024Al composites produced by stir casting. Compared with the SiCp/2024Al composites prepared by traditional powdermetallurgy, this paper innovatively studied the synergistic enhancement between CuAl2phase and SiCpon the mechanicalproperties. The result shows that the two-step deformation can significantly improve the uniformity of the distribution of SiCpand CuAl2phases. At the same time, the average size of the SiCpand CuAl2phase decreases after the two-step deformation. During the hot extrusion, SiCphas an obvious hindrance to the refinement of the CuAl2phase. Moreover, the SiCp/2024Alcomposites sheet exhibits excellent yield strength (295 MPa), ultimate tensile strength (489 MPa), and elongation (10.42%). The performance improvement of SiCp/2024Al after two-step thermal deformation is mainly attributed to the improvedinterface bonding strength of SiCp-2024 Al matrix, the refined SiCpand the more uniform distribution of SiCp.
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Enhancement of Impurity, Machinability and Mechanical Properties in Te-Treated 0Cr18Ni9 Steel
Jian‑bo Xie,Tian Fan,Han Sun,Zhi‑qi Zeng,Jian‑xun Fu 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.6
To enhance the machinability and mechanical properties of 0Cr18Ni9 steel, free-machining element Te was introduced inthis work. By adding various quantities of Te to steel, several machining and tensile tests were carried out. Results show thatwith Te addition of 530 ppm, the number of inclusion sizes below 1 μm disappeared. With raising Te from 360 to 530 ppm,more MnTe–MnS inclusions of 10–40 μm were in spherical shape; above 50 μm2, the ratio of inclusion area at 530 ppmwas greatest among all, and the large-sized inclusions occupied a larger share. Te addition contributed to the surfaces ofmachining steels more smooth. The ultimate tensile strength of steel increased from 399 to 435 MPa. Te resulted in growthof sulfides and improved the machinability of steel.
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Research on the Inter-harmonics Equivalent Impedance of Series Hybrid Active Power Filter
Jian-gong, Zhang,Jian-ben, Liu,Shao-jun, Dai,Qiao-fu, Chen,Jun-jia, He The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2015 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.10 No.5
In the series hybrid active power filter (SHAPF) with magnetic flux compensation (MFC), the system current oscillate in the experimental results when adding the same phase harmonic current command in current control block. This condition endangers the security of the SHAPF. Taking the digit period average arithmetic as example, this paper explains the inter-harmonics current oscillation in the experiment. The conclusion is that the SHAPF is unstable to the inter-harmonics current in theory. Limited by the capacity of the inverter, the system current and the inverter output current do not increase to infinite. At last, some methods are proposed to solve this problem. From the practical viewpoint, the voltage feed-forward control is easy to achieve. It can suppress the current oscillation problems, and also improve the filtering effect. The feasibility of the methods is validated by both the emulation and experiment results.
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Jian Fu,Haibin Sun,Yongzhe Zhang,Wei Xu,Chuan Wang,Yanwei Fang,Jianhui Zhao 한국식품영양과학회 2018 Journal of medicinal food Vol.21 No.1
Luteolin (LU) is a widely distributed flavonoid with multitarget effects. The objective of this study was to determine whether LU could reduce the ischemia–reperfusion injury of the spinal cord (SCII) in a rat model. Forty-eight rats were divided into four groups: sham, SCII, SCII+L-LU (50 mg/kg), and SCII+H-LU (100 mg/kg). Abdominal aortic occlusion was carried out for 40 min in all groups. Hindlimb motor functions were evaluated using the Tarlov scoring system. Nissl and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining were used to detect cell survival and apoptosis in the spinal cord. Spinal cord samples were taken for determination of malondialdehyde, xanthine oxidase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18 were assessed using ELISA kits to examine the inflammatory responses in the spinal cord. Western blot analysis was used to examine the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 protein (NLRP3) levels. We found that LU pretreatment significantly improved the locomotor function of rats after SCII, increased neuron survival, and inhibited apoptosis in the spinal cord. Furthermore, the oxidative stress and inflammatory response were significantly suppressed upon treatment with LU. Finally, LU upregulated Nrf2 levels and downregulated NLRP3 protein expression in SCII tissues. Thus, LU exhibited a neuroprotective effect following SCII by alleviating oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammatory responses and cell apoptosis. The possible mechanism may be related to the activation of Nrf2 and inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.
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Jian Fu,Wei Xu,Yongzhe Zhang,Haibin Sun,Jianhui Zhao 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.3
Spinal cord ischemia–reperfusion injury (SCII) easily causes unalterable neurological deficits. We previously demonstrated that the flavonoid luteolin (LU) has strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other neuroprotective efficacies against SCII. In our current study, we examined the contributions of the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/glutamate–cysteine ligase (GCL) pathway to LU-mediated neuroprotection in the transient abdominal aorta occlusion rat model of SCII. Rats were divided into four groups: Sham surgery, SCII alone, SCII plus LU pretreatment (SCII + LU), and SCII plus cotreatment with LU and the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 (SCII + LU + ML385). The Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan (BBB) scale was used to assess neurological function, hematoxylin and eosin staining to evaluate pathological change to the spinal cord, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure tissue markers of oxidative stress and inflammation induced by SCII. Mitochondrial injury and apoptosis were examined by flow cytometry and expression levels of Nrf2, GCL catalytic subunit (GCLc), and GCL modifier subunit (GCLm) by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. LU pretreatment significantly enhanced recovery of motor function as evidenced by the BBB score and attenuated the pathological damage. Furthermore, LU effectively enhanced the antioxidative activity, alleviated mitochondrial swelling, decreased the expression levels of several proinflammatory cytokines after SCII, and significantly upregulated Nrf2, GCLc, and GCLm expression levels. Cotreatment with ML385 reversed all these protective effects of LU except the anti-inflammatory response. Collectively, these findings indicate that the neuroprotective efficacy of LU depends on suppression of oxidative stress and preservation of mitochondrial function through signaling pathways involving Nrf2 activation and downstream gene expression.
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Fu, Jian-Hong,Gao, Zhan,Ren, Chen-Chen,Shi, Yong-Gang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.4
A total of 285 patients with stage Ib2 and IIa2 cervical cancer were categorized into three groups, and received preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with vaginal intracavitary irradiation, neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone or radiotherapy, respectively. The effective rate of 70.6 % in group 1 was much higher than 41.4% in group 2 (P=0.000) and 46.9 % in group 3 (P=0.000); The percentage of patients receiving postoperative adjuvant therapy was 44.1% in group 1, much lower than 67.8% in group 2 (P=0.001) and 64.6% in group 3 (P=0.004); The percentage of patients with no postoperative risk factor in group 1 was 52.0%, much higher than 32.2% in group 2 (P=0.006) and 35.4% in group 3 (P=0.019); The occurrence rate of surgery-related complications in groups 1, 2 and 3 were 29.4%, 28.7%, and 33.3%, respectively, with no statistical differences among the groups (P=0.981). Regarding preoperative neoadjuvant complications, none were obvious in group 3, while occurrence rates of myelosuppression in groups 1 and 2 were 89.1% and 86.6%, of nausea and vomitting were 78.4% and 78.2%, but without significant differences (all P>0.05). Among 166 patients who received postoperative adjuvant therapy in the three groups, the occurrence rates were: 65.4%, 64.3% and 61.1% respectively for myelosuppression; 42.3%, 38.1%, and 38.9% for nausea and vomiting; 9.6%, 9.5% and 9.7% for urocystitis; and 63.5%, 69.0% and 65.3% enteritis and rectitis. There were no statistically significant differences among them (all P>0.05). The five-year disease-free survival rates (DFS) in groups 1, 2, 3 were 78.3%, 75.1%, 80.9%, respectively; the five-year overall survival rates (OS) were 81.4%, 78.2%, and 81.1%, respectively. The five-year OS of 166 patients receiving postoperative in the three groups were 72.4%, 69.5%, and 71.8%, respectively, with no significant variation (all P>0.05). Although there were no differences among three groups in DFS and OS, preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with intracavitary radiotherapy may increase the effective rate and the percentage of patients with no postoperative risk factors and decrease the percentage of patients receiving postoperative adjuvant therapy, thereby decreasing complications indirectly and increasing quality of life.
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