Sex-related Differences in DNA Copy Number Alterations in Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Zhu, Zhong-Zheng,Wang, Dong,Cong, Wen-Ming,Jiang, Hongmei,Yu, Yue,Wen, Bing-Ji,Dong, Hui,Zhang, Xiao,Liu, Shu-Fang,Wang, Ai-Zhong,Zhu, Guanshan,Hou, Lifang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.1

Background: Males have a higher prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) than females in general, but the reasons for the sex disparity are still obscure. DNA copy number alteration (CNA) is a major feature of solid tumors including HCC, but whether CNA plays a role in sex-related differences in HCC development has never been evaluated. Methods: High-resolution array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was used to examine 17 female and 46 male HCC patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Shanghai, China. Two-tailed Fisher's exact or ${\chi}^2$ tests was used to compare CNAs between females and males. Results: The overall frequencies and patterns of CNAs in female and male cases were similar. However, female HCC tumors presented more copy number gains compared to those in males on 1q21.3-q22 (76.5% vs. 37.0%, P = 0.009), 11q11 (35.3% vs. 0.0%, P = 0.0002) and 19q13.31-q13.32 (23.5% vs. 0.0%, P = 0.004), and loss on 16p11.2 (35.3% vs. 6.5%, P = 0.009). Relative to females, male cases had greater copy number loss on 11q11 (63.0% vs. 17.6%, P = 0.002). Further analyses showed that 11q11 gain correlated with 19q13.31-q13.32 gain (P = 0.042), 11q11 loss (P = 0.011) and 16p11.2 loss (P = 0.033), while 1q21.3-q22 gain correlated with 19q13.31-q13.32 gain (P = 0.046). Conclusions: These findings suggest that CNAs may play a role in sex-related differences in HBVassociated HCC development.

Motives for Empathy among Clinical Nurses in China: A Qualitative Study

Zhu, Yu,He, Ming-Mei,Zhu, Ji-Min,Huang, Li,Li, Bai-Kun 한국간호과학회 2020 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.50 No.6

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the motives of clinical nurses for experiencing empathy with patients and their families based on a self-determination theory framework. Methods: Semi-structured face-to-face interviews with twenty-one nurses at four tertiary hospitals in Anhui, China, were conducted, recorded and transcribed. A content analysis with a directed approach was performed. Results: An analysis of the interview transcripts revealed three categories of empathy motivation: autonomous motivation, controlled motivation and a lack of empathy motivation. Autonomous motivation included personal interests, enjoyment and a sense of value, pure altruism, assimilation, and recognition of the importance of empathy. Controlled motivation highlighted pressures from oneself and others, the possibility of tangible or intangible rewards, and avoidance of adverse effects. Finally, a lack of empathy motivation referred to a lack of intention for empathy and denial of the value of empathy. Conclusion: This study provides a deep understanding of the motives underlying empathy in nurses. The results reveal the reasons for empathy and may support the development of effective strategies to foster and promote empathy in nurses.

The Band Offset at CdS/Cu2ZnSnS4 Heterojunction Interface

Ji Li,Qingyang Du,Weifeng Liu,Guoshun Jiang,Xuefei Feng,Wenhua Zhang,Junfa Zhu,Changfei Zhu 대한금속·재료학회 2012 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.8 No.4

The band offset at the CdS/Cu2ZnSnS4 heterojunction interface is studied by measuring the valence band spectra using synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy. The Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films are prepared by the sulfurization of electrodeposited Cu-Zn-Sn precursors. A CdS overlayer is sequentially grown on the Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films from a chemical bath deposition process. Valence band spectra were obtained before and after each period of growth to study the electronic structure at the heterojunction interface. The valence band offset was determined to be 0.96 eV, and the conduction band offset was determined to be .0.06 eV. This means that the CdS/Cu2ZnSnS4 hetrojunction has a ‘type II’ band alignment which will cause largescale recombination at the interfaces and will not be suitable for solar cells fabrication.

Safety of Brucea javanica and Cantharidin Combined with Chemotherapy for Treatment of NSCLC Patients

Ji, Zhu-Qing,Huang, Xin-En,Wu, Xue-Yan,Liu, Jin,Wang, Lin,Tang, Jin-Hai Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.20

Objective: To assess the safety of Brucea javanica and Cantharidin combined with chemotherapy in treating patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Method: A consecutive cohort of patients with NSCLC were divided into four groups: experimental group A treated with Brucea javanica injection combined with chemotherapy; experimental group B with Cantharidin injection combined with chemotherapy; experimental group C treated with Brucea javanica and Cantharidin injection combined with chemotherapy; and the control group receiving only chemotherapy. After more than two courses of treatment, safety, quality of life and side effects were evaluated. Results: The incidences of myelosuppression in groups A, B and C were lower than that in Control group (p<0.05), but without significant differences among A, B and C. Adverse effects on the gastrointestinal tract also were lower than in controls (p<0.05) without variation amnog the combined treatment groups. Conclusions: Brucea javanica or Cantharidin combined with chemotherapy could in both cases improve quality of life in our cohort of NSCLC patients without any increase in toxicity. However, further clinical experiments should be conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Brucea javanica and Cantharidin combined with chemotherapy for patients with NSCLC.

<i>In Situ</i> Activation of Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Anchored on Graphite Foam for a High-Capacity Anode

Ji, Junyi,Liu, Jilei,Lai, Linfei,Zhao, Xin,Zhen, Yongda,Lin, Jianyi,Zhu, Yanwu,Ji, Hengxing,Zhang, Li Li,Ruoff, Rodney S. American Chemical Society 2015 ACS NANO Vol.9 No.8

<P>We report the fabrication of a three-dimensional free-standing nitrogen-doped porous graphene/graphite foam by <I>in situ</I> activation of nitrogen-doped graphene on highly conductive graphite foam (GF). After <I>in situ</I> activation, intimate “sheet contact” was observed between the graphene sheets and the GF. The sheet contact produced by <I>in situ</I> activation is found to be superior to the “point contact” obtained by the traditional drop-casting method and facilitates electron transfer. Due to the intimate contact as well as the use of an ultralight GF current collector, the composite electrode delivers a gravimetric capacity of 642 mAh g<SUP>–1</SUP> and a volumetric capacity of 602 mAh cm<SUP>–3</SUP> with respect to the whole electrode mass and volume (including the active materials and the GF current collector). When normalized based on the mass of the active material, the composite electrode delivers a high specific capacity of up to 1687 mAh g<SUP>–1</SUP>, which is superior to that of most graphene-based electrodes. Also, after ∼90 s charging, the anode delivers a capacity of about 100 mAh g<SUP>–1</SUP> (with respect to the total mass of the electrode), indicating its potential use in high-rate lithium-ion batteries.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2015/ancac3.2015.9.issue-8/acsnano.5b03888/production/images/medium/nn-2015-03888k_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn5b03888'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Adsorption of copper on iminodisuccinic acid modified attapulgite: characterization and mechanism

Qiuzi Zhu,Jianzhong Zhu,Meng Su,Liang Liu,Cunshi Wang,Dongliang Ji,Wangjun Bai,Wentao Shen 대한환경공학회 2023 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.28 No.4

Heavy-metal ions are common pollutants in wastewater and are thus attracting considerable attention. Herein, an eco-friendly biodegradable adsorbent, iminodisuccinic acid (IDS) modified attapulgite (ATP) is prepared by graft-polymerization to reduce Cu(II) in water, referred as IDS-ATP. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of IDS-ATP for Cu(II) is increased by 329.5% and 272% compared with raw ATP and non-degradable chelator ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-modified ATP (EDTA-ATP), respectively. Moreover, the adsorption capacities for Cu(II) in combined system increased by 186% compared with in single system. The structure and surface properties of IDS-ATP are characterized, demonstrating that the IDS moieties are anchored on the surface of ATP without structural damage. In the aqueous Cu(II) (64 mg /L), the best adsorption pH is 5.0, the best dosage is 800 mg/L, and the adsorption equilibrium time is 4 h. The adsorption of IDS-ATP is chemical adsorption and regenerated adsorbent still exhibits high adsorption capacity. The adsorption mechanism includes the coordination of amino groups with Cu(II), the chelation of -COOH on heavy metals (HMs), and the ion exchange. Taking Cu(II) as an example to study the process of IDS-ATP in water, it is beneficial to apply this degradable material to reduce the other HMs.

중국어 부사 ‘就’ 연구사 소고

주기하(Zhu, Ji-xia) 한국중어중문학회 2014 中語中文學 Vol.57 No.-

The Influence of Relative Humidity, Temperature, Insect Developmental Stages on the Susceptibility of Sweetpotato Whitefly to Conidia of Isaria javanica

Hong Zhu,Jeong Jun Kim,Ji Hee Han,Sang Yeob Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2013 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.04

Bemisia tabaci, sweetpotato whitefly, has been recognized one of the most destructive insect pests worldwide because of increased resistance to some insecticide groups requiring alternative strategies for its control. We conducted a study of the influence of relative humidity, temperature and different developmental stages on the susceptibility of sweetpotato whitefly to conidia of Isaria javanica isolate, which had been reported high virulence against Q biotype of B. tabaci. The mortality of tobacco whitefly was low at low constant relative humidities, but was high when kept high humidity for first 24 hours and transferred to low humidity. The Isaria isolate had wide range of temperature (15℃ to 35℃) to control sweetpotato whitefly. The isolate has virulence to the egg and all developmental stages of nymph of B. tabaci. These results indicated that the isolate had good control effects at various environmental conditions and is an excellent candidate to develop a microbial pesticide to control sweetpotato whitefly.

“V+得/不+开”中补语“开”的语义功能研究

주기하(Ji-Xia Zhu) 중국어문논역학회 2015 中國語文論譯叢刊 Vol.0 No.37

본고는 보어 ‘開’의 의미기능을 분석하는 것을 주 연구목적으로 한다. 본고는 ‘V+得/不+開’의 의미 유형을 분류하고, 보어 ‘開’와 그의 유사 구조인 ‘V+得/不+下’중‘下’의 의미기능 차이를 분석하였다. 본고의 연구결과에 따르면, ‘V+得/不+開’는 ‘존재 수용’과 ‘활동 수용’이라는 두 가지 의미를 나타내고, 전자는 기본 의미이고 후자는 전자의 확장의미이다. 또한, 보어 ‘開’와 ‘下’는 관점, 힘역학과 현저성 등 측면에서 의미기능 차이를 보인다. 그리고 이 세 가지는 독립적으로 작용하는 것이 아니고 서로 긴밀한 관계를 맺고 있다. 그 외에, 본고는 ‘開’가 ‘수용’을 의미한다는 기존연구의 주장을 지적하였고, ‘수용’은 ‘V+得/不+開’구조의 의미라는 것을 제기하였다. 또한, ‘開’는 수용물이 수용됨과 동시에 이상적인 공간을 획득하는 것을 의미한다고 밝혔다. We focused on the semantic function of the complement “Kai (?)” in the “V+de/bu+kai” structure, and analysed the meaning of the structure. There are two kinds of structures, namely “V不/得?” structure and “V不/得下” structure, the two structures although some similarities in appearance, but there are many different points in semantics. According to the results of this study, “V不/得?” have two meanings. One is “accommodation of existence”, and the other is “accommodation of activities”. The first one is the basic meaning and the latter is the extended meaning. Also, “?” and “下” appear different in terms of perspective, force dynamics, salience.

副词“简直”的主观性及认知依据

주기하(Zhu, Ji-Xia)(朱紀霞) 대한중국학회 2020 중국학 Vol.71 No.-

副词“简直”的主观性研究向来局限于表“夸张”和“强调”上,本论文试图突破缺乏有关其主观性具体特征分析的不足,以认知语言学理论和主观性理论为基础,着重分析“简直”在主观性的两大维度――向度维度与量度维度上所表现出的特征,并阐释现象背后的原因,从而明确“简直”的语用条件。本研究认为“简直”在主观性的向度维度上表现出“顺向”、“逆向”和“偏离”这三种特征。在表达“认同”和“递进”语义的语境中,表现为顺向;在表达“否认”和“贬抑”语义的语境中,表现为逆向;在表达“意外”语义的语境中,表现为“偏离”。“简直”在主观性量度维度上表现出标示“主观增量”与“主观减量”的特征。在标示“主观增量”时,“简直”的使用意味着把等级低的“A”等同于等级高的“B”,从而衍生出夸张语义;相反,“简直”在标示“主观减量”时,其使用等于把等级高的数值视同为等级低的数值,在量度上的体现就是“主观减量”。 The research on the subjectivity of the Adverb “Jianzhi” has always been limited to “hyperbole” and “emphasis”. This paper attempts to break through the lack of analysis on the specific characteristics of its subjectivity. On the basis of cognitive linguistics theory and subjectivity theory, it focused on the analysis of the characteristics of “Jianzhi” in the two dimensions of Subjectivity——directional dimension and measurement dimension, and explained the characteristics behind the phenomenon So as to clarify the pragmatic conditions of “Jianzhi”. “Jianzhi” has three characteristics——“forward”, “reverse” and “deviation” in the directional dimension of subjectivity. In the context of expressing “identification” and “progressive” semantics, it is expressed in a straight direction; in the context of expressing “denial” and “derogation”, it is expressed in a reverse direction; in the context of expressing “accident”, it is expressed in a deviation. “Jianzhi” shows the characteristics of “subjective increment” and “subjective decrement” in the measurement dimension of subjectivity.