신속한 간흡충증 진단과 혈청 및 혈구 변화양상 분석

박지현,최혜정,정석률 남서울대학교 2010 남서울대학교 논문집 Vol.16 No.2

Diagnosis of Clonorchis sinensis requires specific proteins as antigens and it has been developed by using a rapid detection kit which identify circulating antibodies. In this study during Namseoul University Health/Medicine Care Service conducted in October 2010, with the residents in Wondeok-eup Samcheok Kangwon-do, the rapid diagnosis of C. sinensis infections was performed and patients' blood sera were analyzed. From 12 patients' sera of total 83, antibodies to C. sinensis were detected. According to the patients' sera analysis, about 73% of Total bilirubin, 40% of Cholesterol and 40% of Creatinine were abnormally exhibited. In the C. sinensis-positive sera detected by a rapid diagnostic kit, about 92% of Total bilirubin, 33% of Cholesterol and 50% of Creatinine were abnormally exhibited. According to analysis of blood cells, there was no abnormal result except for Hematocrit. In particular, high Eosinophil which means high incidence of C. sinensis infection was not observed. Taken together, it implied that the positive diagnosis of clonorchiasis would be previous infections of C. sinensis and its patients recovered from clonorchiasis have still antibodies in their sera. In addition, it also suggested that C. sinensis-positivity by the rapid diagnostic kit be not consistent with the present infections of C. sinensis. Key Words : Clonorchis sinensis, Rapid diagnostic kit, Serum, Blood cell, Antibody

건강보험 본인부담률의 인상이 건강보험재정에 미치는 영향

박지연,채희율 한국보험학회 2003 保險學會誌 Vol.64 No.-

본 연구는 건강보험에서의 도덕적 해이에 관한 이론적 논의에 기초하여 국민건강보험 본인부담률의 인상이 건강보험재정에 미치는 직간접적 영향을 실증분석하였다. 본인부담률의 인상은 직접적으로는 초진횟수를 감소시키는 반면 재진횟수를 보다 크게 증가시켜 전체적으로 내원일수를 증가시킴에 따라 진료강도의 지표인 내원일당 진료비의 감소에도 불구하고 종합적으로 건강보험재정에 부정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 이 연구결과는 본인부담률의 인상에 따른 건강보험 재정절감 효과를 극대화하기 위해서는 공급자들의 재진 유인행위를 적절하게 통제하는 것이 필요함을 시사한다. Based on the theoretical discussions on moral hazard in health insurance, this research aims to test empirically the direct and indirect effects of an increase of outpatient co-insurance rate on the financial status of the National Health Insurance. Directly, an increase of co-insurance rate lessens the financial burden of the National Health Insurance by lowering the benefit rate. Indirectly, an increase of co-insurance rate is expected to increase the number of medical visits despite the reduction of first examinations by consumers. Consequently an increase of co-insurance rate is found to have negative indirect effect on the financial status of the National Health Insurance despite a slight reduction of the costs of medical services per visit. This empirical findings imply that it is necessary to monitor and control the supplier induced medical demand in order to maximize the budget saving effect of an increase of outpatient co-insurance rate.

생리식염수 및 포도당수액 정액 투여가 에탄올 농도에 미치는 효과에 관한 연구

김원율,이상래,안지영,안성훈,류석용,김경환,김홍용 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.3

Background: In emergency department, there are many drunken patients with various emergency medical situations. In these patients, evaluation and management of the medical problems are delayed from time to time because of the uncooperative nature of the patients and because of consciousness and sensory changes. A precise evaluation can only be obtained when the patients become sober. For this purpose, most clinicians start IV fluid loading. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of IV fluid(normal saline and glucose solution) on the rate of ethanol clearance in such patients Methods: Ten volunteers(healthy males in their twenties and with a Michigan alcohol screening test below 4) were enrolled in this study. Alcohol intake was restricted to at least 48 hours before the test and food intake to at least 4 hours. For the test, A predetermined dose of ethanol(1 gm/kg) was given to the volunteers. Each volunteer was tested on three consecutive times with 3 or more days interval for alcohol wash out period . On the lst day, the volunteers received ethanol only per os. On the second day, they received ethanol and a liter of IV 10% dextrose solution. Each day, blood was drawn from the antecubital vein to measure the ethanol level at the time of ethanol ingestion and at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 hours after ingestion. The repeated measure ANOVA test was used for the statistical analysis. Results: The difference in the blood ethanol level between the 3 test was F=1.7, p=0.184 and the difference corrected by the time factor was F=0.32, and p=0.985. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the blood ethanol level between the tests. In conclusion, the IV normal saline or glucose solution does not accelerate ethanol clearance in suffering

한국인 정상교합자의 3차원 디지털 모형을 이용한 순,협측 치면 곡률

채지현,송진욱,차정열,최정수,박영철 대한치과교정학회 2008 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.38 No.2

본 연구는 한국인의 치아형태에 적합한 브라켓 베이스를 만들기 위해 임상 치관의 순, 협측 곡률을 3차원적으로 계측하여 치관의 곡률 자료를 얻고자 하였다. 정상적인 해부학적 형태를 가지는 구강모형 30쌍을 3차원 디지털 모델로 제작한 후, FA점을 기준으로 수평 기준면과 수직 기준면을 설정하였다. 이 기준면에 대한 치면의 곡선을 형성한 후, 곡률을 이차방정식의 계수로 표현하였다. 수평면과 수직면의 곡률과 FA점을 기준으로 근심과 원심, 치은측과 교합면측의 곡률을 측정한 결과, 상악견치와 상악 제2소구치 외에는 남녀간 치면 곡률의 유의한 차이가 없었다. 하악 측절치, 상악 견치, 상하악 제1, 2소구치와 제1대구치에서 근원심 또는 치은교합면측 치면 곡률의 유의한 차이가 관찰되었다 (P < 0.05). 본 연구에서 얻어진 순, 협측 치면의 곡률 자료는 한국인의 치아 형태에 적합한 Straight Wire Appliance 개발의 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있다. Objective: This study was performed to investigate the labio/buccal clinical crown curvatures of Korean permanent teeth and to obtain the curve-ratio data in an attempt to fabricate bracket bases fit for each individual Korean permanent tooth. Methods: Three-dimensional digital models were made from 30 sets of dental casts with normal anatomic structures. According to the FA points, horizontal and vertical reference planes were established and lines were drawn on the tooth surfaces in reference to these planes. The curvature was expressed as the coefficient of a quadratic equation. Lines mesial, distal, gingival and occlusal to the horizontal, vertical reference planes and the FA point were drawn. Results: The curvature measured for each line revealed that there are no significant differences between male and female, except for maxillary canines and maxillary second bicuspids (P > 0.05). There were notable differences in the mesio-distal or gingivo-occlusal curvatures among the mandibular lateral incisors, maxillary canines, maxillary and mandibular first and second bicuspids and first molars (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The labial & buccal crown curvatures of teeth in Korean normal occlusion were measured on the mesial and distal, gingival and occlusal sides respectively in this study. Based on these data, a SWA can be developed to fit the individual features of Korean tooth crowns.

韓國竹林生高等菌類의 分類學的 硏究

李址烈 서울여자대학교 1977 서울여자대학논문집 Vol.- No.6

283 specimens of the higher fungi were collected at the bamboo forest of Uljin, Kyungsangbook-Do and at the other areas of Korea, Damyang Jyunranam-Do and at Kyungju, Kyungsangnam-Do during the period of August 19 to 31, 1975 and May 6, August 17, 29 and October 23, 1971 respectively. According to the results of the identification of these fungi which were composed of 4 orders, 14 families, 27 genera and 43 species, they only belong to Basidiomycetes. Among them Clitocybe cataneifloccosa S. Ito et Imai, Collybia matris S. Ito et Imai, C. erythropus (Fr.) Kummer, Oudemansiella longipes (St. Amans) Moser, Marasmiellus lactea Fr. Lepiota hetieri Boud., L. rhacodes (Vitt.) Quel, Coprinus friesii Quel, Paxillus atrotomentosus (Fr.) Fr. var bambusinus Baker et Dale and Leccinum rugosiceps (Peck) Sing. Were found to be new in Korea. On the other hand, 16 species of the tatal number of the Korean bamboo forest fungi werecommon to the bamboo forest fungi reported by T. Shidei (1974 and 1976) in Kyoto, Japan. As a result of the studies Hygrophorus pantoleucus Hongo, Clitocybe cataneifloccosa S. Ito et Imai, Collybia erythropus (Fr.) Kummer, C. matris S. Ito et Imai Marasmiellus lactea Fr. and Lepiota hetieri Boud. were fonnd to be new in bamboo forest. Attempts to investigate Korean bamboo forest higher fungi have been made by the author. These bamboos of Damyang were Phylostachys heterocycla var. pubescens and those of Kyungju and Uljin were Ph. bamboosoides while these bamboos of the ohter areas of Korea were Ph, nigra var. henonis. These fungi collected at Damyang were of various kind and the dominant species of Kyungju and Uljin etc. were Dictyophora indusiata(Pers.)Fishch. T. Shidei reported that 90 species of the fungi which belong to Basidiomycetes were found at the bamboo forests of Kyoto, Japan in 1974 and 1976. According to the results compared with those fungi found at Kyoto bamboo forest, 16 species of th total numbers of the Korean bamboo forest fungi were common to those of the fungi. They were as follows: Hygrophorus conicus, Tricholomopsis platyphylla, Collybia peronata, Armillariella mellea, Oudemansiella radicata, Lepista nuda, Agaricus subrutilescens, Lepiota procera, L. rhacodes, Coprinus friesii, Naematoloma fasciculare, Paxillus atrotomentosus var. bambusinus, Dictyophora indusiata, Mutinus caninus, Phallus inpudicus and Pacudocolus schellenbrgiae. Comparative studies of the distribution of the fungi which were separatively found at the above-mentioned areas of Korea will appear in near future. Their located places will be refered to D to Damyang, K to Kyungju, U to Uljin and A as to the other areas of Korea. Basidiomycetes 담자군강 Agaricales 송이목 Hygrophoraceae 벚꽃버섯과 Hygrophorus conicus (Fr.) Fr. (A) 붉은산벚꽃버석 H. pantoleucus Hongo (A) 흰갓주름 버섯(신칭) Pileus 1.5-2cm broad, convex, wrinkled when adult, borwnish-white, flesh white. Lamellae decurrent. Stipe 4-6cm long, 0.3-0.5 cm thick, subequal, brownish-white, hollow. Spores 5.9-10.6×4.1-5.9μ, elliptical, apiculate, grey. Cystidia 52.9-56.5×5.9-7.6μ, clavate. Hab : On ground of forests. Tricholomataceae 송이과 Clitocybe castaneifloccosa S. Ito et Imai (D) 꼬마깔대기버섯 S, Ito & Imai Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc 16:12. 1939. Pileus 0.5-1㎝ broad, funnel-shaped, plane or depressed in center, dark, yellowish brown or grayish yellow brown. Lamellae 1㎜ wide, sparse, brown. Stipe 0.5-1㎝ long 0.6-1㎜ thick brown, hollow, decurent, thick and roundish downward. Spores subglobose, 7.2-8.6×5.7-7.2μ, white, enclosed one or some oil drops, nonamyloid. Hab.: Caespitose on cut bamboo. C. acromelalga Ichimura (A) 독깔대기버섯(독) C. clavipes (Fr.) Quel. (D) 배불뚝 이깔대기버섯 Tricholomopsis platyphylla (Fr.) Sing. (D) 넓은주름버섯 T. rutilans (Fr.) Sing. (A) 솔버섯 Collybia confluens (Fr.) Kummer (D) C. erythropus (Fr.) Kummer (U) 넓은 잎버섯 (신칭) Singer, Agaricales 315. 1961. Pileus 1.5-3.3㎝ broad, convex, then nearly plane or subinfundibuliform, crumpled radiately on the surface, grey brownish-buff, lined on the margin when moist. Flesh thin, leathery. Taste acrid, Lamellae sparse, adnexed or adnate, then free, light yellow to light brown, 2-4㎜ wide. Stipe 2.5-5㎝×2-3㎜, becoming light color than pileus, stuffed, covered with light yellowish compact hair at the lower portion. Spores subglobose, apiculate, white, 7.5-11×3.5-4μ. Hab.: Caespitose, on the ground among leaves of broad-leaved tree and bamboo forest. Armillariella mellea (Fr.) Karst. (K) 뽕나무버섯 Oudemansiella longipes (St. Amans) Moser (U) 털긴 뿌리버섯(신칭) Agaricus longipes Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 232. 1775; Collybia longipes Quel. Champ. Jura Vosg. 1:92, 1872; Xerula longipes K. Masre, Ic 1933. Pileus 1.5-5.8㎝ broad, semispherical, then convex to plane, surface yellowish brown or grey brown, covered with blackish brown, fine hairs. Flesh white. Lamellae free, yellowish white, sparse. Stipe 6-20.5㎝×3-5㎜, thickened at the base, becoming slendar downwards and grew into the ground deeply, surface clothed with compact hairs, brownish orange or dark brown, hollow. Spores globose of subglobose, 10-11.5μ. Cheilocystidia tusiform, 83-100×23-30μ. Hab. : Scattered, on the ground under pine and bamboo forest. O. radicata (Fr.) Sing. (A) 긴 뿌리버섯 ndrical, brownish velvet hair covered irregularly, stuffed, tough, flesh white, decurrent. Spores elliptical, 4.3-5.8×3.6-4.3μ, light yellowish, pseudoamyloid, hyphae from stemtrama 57.2-72.5×5.7-10μ. Clamp present very seldom. Hab.: Solitary or clustered on rottn bamboo. Boletaceae 그물버섯과 Boletus rubellus Krombh. (U) 붉은두메그물버섯 Leccinum rugosiceps (Peck) Sing. (U) 붉은 갓두메그물버섯(신칭) L. nigrescens (Richon et Roze) Sing. sensu Hongo, Boletus impolitus Fr. Fries, Epier. Myc. 421. 1838. Pileus 7-19㎝ broad, semispherical, then plane, surface muccous when moist, velet, dark yellowish brown, split. Flesh thick, yellow, light purple when bruised them. Tubes adnexed, yellow, then olive-green, 1-2㎝ long, spherical. Stipe 5-13×2.5-4㎝, thickened at the central portion, yellow, covered with orange, fine spots, solid. Spores subglobose to fusiform smoth, 9.5-13×3.5-4.5μ, olive-brown. Hab. : Scattered on the ground ane bamboo forest. Russulaceae 무당버섯과 Russula cutifracta Cooke (D) 청버섯 R. foetens Fr. (A) 애기깔대기버섯 R. fragilis (Pers.) Fr. (D) 애기무당버섯 R. nigricans Fr. (A) 절구버섯 Lactarius piperatus (Fr.) S. F. Gray (A) 굴털이 Polyporaceae 구멍장이버섯과 Elfvingia applanata (Pers.) Karst. (D) 잔나비걸상 Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) Karst. 불노초 Gasteromycetes 복균류 Sclerodermatales 어리알버섯목 Calostomataceae 목연지버섯과 Astraeus hygrometricus (Pers.) Morgan (K) 먼지버섯 Phallales 말뚝버섯목 Phallaceae 말뚝버섯과 Dictyophora indusiata (pers.) Fisch. (K & U) 망태버섯 Mutinus bambusinus (Zoll.) Fisch. (A) 끝검은뱀버섯 M. coninus (Pers.) Fr. (U) 뱀버섯 Phallus impudicus pers.(A) 말뚝버섯 Pseudocolus schellenbergiae (Sumst.) Johnson (D) 세발버섯 Clathraceae 바구니버섯과 Linderia bicolumnata Lloyd (A) 게발버섯 Lycoperdales 말불버섯목 Lycoperdaceae 말불버섯과 Lasiophaera nipponica (Kawam.) Kobay. (A) 댕구알버섯

韓國産그물버섯品種에 對한 硏究

李址烈 서울여자대학교 1979 서울여자대학논문집 Vol.- No.8

Leccinum hortonii (Smith et Thiers) Hongo et Nagasawa and Xerocomus astraeicola Imazeki are newly recorded for Korean fungus flora with the descriptions and illustrations.

운동부하가 폐환기능에 미치는 영향

윤지열,장석종 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1985 충남의대잡지 Vol.12 No.2

The purpose of this study was to determine and evaluate the effect of an acute bout of treadmill exercise on the Forced vital capacity(FVC), Timed vital capacities(FEV_T), and Forced expiratory flow(FEF) in the sedentary subjects. The ventilatory functions of 18 male college students were measured ,before and immediately after 5% grade, 5 MPH, 3 min. (Ex-Ⅰ) or 6 min. (Ex-Ⅱ) treadmill exercise. The measured values also were standardized with height(height ratio) and body surface area(BSA ratio) of each subject. The values, measured and standardized of pre-and post-exercise, were compared each other. The FVC and its height and BSA ratio were not affect by treadmill exercise. The FEV_T and FEF were tend to increase with exercise and especially the increase in FEF_75∼85% and FEF_75% values were statistically significant. Furthermore, similar patterns of changes in height and BSA ratio of FEV_T and FEF were observed. From the above results, it was suggested that forced expiratory flow, especially end portion of expiration, eras increased by treadmill exercise.

蔚珍溪谷森林地帶의 菌類플로라

李址烈 서울여자대학교 1976 서울여자대학논문집 Vol.- No.5

A floral survey of the fungi, in the forests of Uljin valley was carried out during the period of August 19 to 21, 1975. 59 species of fungi were collected and identified in this survey. They are; one species of Myxomycetes, 2 species of Ascomycetes, 55 species of Basidiomycetes and one species of Fungi Imperfecti. The dominant species are; Cantharellus cibarius Fr., Hygrocybe miniata (Fr.) Karst. and Amanita phaloides (Fr.) Secr. Collybia erythropus(Fr.) Kummer, C. peronata (Fr.) Kummer, Oudemansiella longipes (St. Amans) Moser, Lepioa alborubescens Hongo, L. rachodes (Vitt.) Qu??l, Coprinus friesii Qu??l, Rhodophyllus muraii (Berk. et Curt,) Sing., Leccinum rugosiceps (Peck) Sing., Pulveroboletus ravenellii (Berk. et Curt.) Murr. and Monilia sitophila (Montagne) Saccardo are found to be new to Korea. The red pine forests are the habitat of Tricholoma matsutake (Ito et Imai) Sing.

역추적 에이전트를 이용한 역추적 시스템 설계 및 구현

정종민,이지율,이구연 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2002 産業技術硏究 Vol.22 No.B

It is very important to detect and remove original sources of DOS (Denial of Service) attacks or connection oriented/connectionless attacks. In this paper, we implement a traceback system that does not require the reaction of routers and administrators and does not need log data. We bring in a traceback server and traceback agents in each network and use sniffing and spoofing schemes. Finally, the traceback server detects attacking hosts using information transmitted from traceback agents.

광중합형 레진으로 아말감 면에 브라켓 접착 시 전단결합 강도

임용규,조지영,이동렬 대한치과교정학회 발행 2005 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.35 No.6

본 연구는 아말감 면에 광중합형 레진으로 교정용 브라켓을 접착시킬 경우, 광원의 차이(할로겐 광중합기와 light-emitting diode (LED) 광중합기)와 샌드블라스팅 표면처리 여부에 따른 접착제의 전단결합강도를 비교하고자 시행되었다. 발거된 소구치 30개를 대조군으로 이용하였으며, 법랑질 표면을 산부식한 후 통상적인 방법으로 브라켓을 접착하였다. 60개의 다른 소구치에 아말감 충전을 하여 실험군으로 이용하였다. 두 군에서 할로겐 광중합기와 LED 광중합기를 이용하여 브라켓을 접착시키고 브라켓이 탈락될 때까지 힘을 가해 전단결합강도를 측정하였다. 실험 결과, 실험군의 전단결합강도는 약 3-5.5 MPa로 대조군(19MPa)보다 낮았다. 실험군에서 샌드블라스팅 표면처리를 한 경우, 할로겐 광중합기를 사용한 군이 LED 광중합기를 사용한 군보다 높은 전단결합강도를 보였으나 (p<0.05), 샌드블라스팅 표면처리를 하지 않은 경우에는 광원에 따라 전단결합강도에 차이를 보이지 않았다. (p>0.05). 할로겐 광중합 군과 LED 광중합 군 모두에서 샌드블라스팅 여부에 따른 전단결합강도에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다 (p>0.05). 아말감 면에 광중합형 레진을 이용하여 브라켓을 접착할 경우, 할로겐 광중합기와 LED 광중합기로 얻을 수 있는 접착제의 결합강도는 임상적으로 사용하기에는 낮게 나타나, 이의 증진 방법을 도모하기 위해 앞으로 더 많은 연구가 필요하리라 사료된다. This study was performed to compare the shear bond strength of orthodontic adhesive to amalgam according to different light sources (halogen-based light and light emitting diode (LED)) and amalgam surface treatments. Ninety extracted human premolars were randomly divided into 6 groups (4 experimental and 2 control groups) of 15 by light sources and surface treatments. Orthodontic brackets were bonded and shear bond strength was measured with an Instron universal testing machine. The findings were as follows: The bond strength of adhesive to amalgam surface was 3-5.5 MPa which was lower than that of acid-etched enamel (19 MPa) control. In the sandblasted amalgam surface, the shear bond strength of the halogen light group was higher than that of the LED group (p<0.05) but, in the non-treated amalgam surface, there was no significant difference in the shear bond strength according to the light sources (p>0.05). Within the same light source. sandblasting had no significant effect on the shear bond strength of the adhesive bonded to amalgam surface (p>0.05). there was no significant difference in shear bond strength according to the light sources in acid-etched enamel control groups. This results suggerst that there can be a limit in using light curing adhesives when brackets are bonded to an amalgam surface. Additional clinical studies are necessary before routine use of halogen light and LED light curing units can be recommended in bonding brackets to an amalgam surface.