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Effect of Natural Extracts on Oral Care Probiotics Weissella cibaria CMU and Periodontal Pathogens
Ji-Eun Yeu,Hyun-Jin Kim,Mi-Sun Kang 대한구강생물학회 2018 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.43 No.4
The purpose of this study is to determine if natural extracts could be used as an additive in oral health food made with Weissella cibaria CMU (oraCMU). Natural extracts of green tea, mulberry leaf, licorice, and propolis, which are reported to have antimicrobial activities, were selected and used in this study. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of extracts on periodontal pathogens such as Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis and their synergy effects with oraCMU by the fractional inhibitory concentrations methods were measured. From the results obtained, all the extracts showed no effect on the growth of oraCMU. Green tea extract showed the best antibacterial activity with MIC of 1.8 mg/ml against both F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis. In addition, green tea extract had a synergistic effect with oraCMU against F. nucleatum. Therefore, these results suggested that green tea extract is available as an additive in oral health food made with oraCMU.
IT Security Strategies for SME’s
Ji-Yeu Park,Rosslin John Robles,Chang-Hwa Hong,Tai-hoon Kim,Sang-Soo Yeo 보안공학연구지원센터 2008 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.2 No.3
Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is leaning more on their information technology (IT) infrastructure but they lack the means to secure it appropriately due to financial restrictions, limited resources, and adequate know-how. Many SME managers believe that IT security in their company is basically equivalent to having a firewall and updating the antivirus software regularly. Strategic policies, information theft, business continuity, access controls, and many other aspects are only dealt with in case of security incidents. To improve security in a company holistically, four levels (organizational level, workflow level, information level, and technical level) need to be addressed. Parts of existing standards are useful to address issues on the organizational level; Pipkin’s approach is especially useful for SMEs. Modeling of business processes and taking security/dependability into account can improve reliability and robustness of the workflow level. On the information level, role-based access control is state-of the art.
Otto F . Bollnow의 교육 사상에 나타난 아동 - 교사간 실존적 관계론에 관한 연구
정지숙,유혜령 한국아동교육학회 1996 아동교육 Vol.5 No.1
This study attempts to interpret the existential nature of the child and teacher relationship appeared in Otto F. Bollnow's thoughts on education, and to obtain some implications to improve today's educational settings for young children. Faithful to the existential features of human life itself, Bollnow develops existential concepts of educational process such as the concepts of "discontinuity' and "unpredictability." These concepts underline the fact that education is in and of itself living process where contigent growth, crisis, rupture, and sudden enlightenment occur with no prediction, and therefore human development is basically discontinuous. This type of understanding of education process is innovative, for it attacks the previously held presupposition that child development follows the continuous procedure as claimed by most empirical scientists. Understanding Bollnow in this way the study attmpts to disclose what could be 0utlined as the existential nature of the relationship between child and teacher. Findings are summarized as follows. First, truly communicative relationship between child and teacher is build up by child's emotional feeling of security, cheerfulness, gratitude and trust, which Bollnow titled as the "pedagogical atmosphere". Second, the relationship between child and teacher comes to be educational when teacher' attends for the child's crisis in her/his life. This is to help the child to get over the crisis and its accompanying effects of any rupture and confusion, from which the child eventually benefit to grow into a more matured being. Third, the relationship between child and teacher flourish in the sudden encounter with the child's spirit, for the encounter is the moment of mutual understanding and of un-preplanned leap in child's growth. Lastly, the relationship between child and teacher is mutually educative in its essential nature of having mutual influence on both child and teacher herself/himself. This is to say, teacher is not just a knowledge-deliverer nor a morally and personally perfect saint, but a living person who is also on the middle way of her/his life. Therefore, being a teacher means "becoming" a teacher learning what the teaching job is in actual in daily practice. Such an existential relationship between child and teacher implies that teaching young children is to live with human finitude and incompleteness as an important hope for mutual development. Therefore, educationally successful relationship depends on the humble attitude of teacher to attentively learn together with children what the living itself is through her/his teaching activity.