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鄭正男 東亞大學校 1985 東亞論叢 Vol.22 No.1
Mercuric chloride-induced nephrotoxicity was evaluated by urinalysis and determination of several enzyme activity in rat urine at day intervals after a single ip injection of mercuric chloride. A time study (6 days) by urinalysis following administration of 2mg/kg of HgCl₂showed that secretion of glucose, protein, and urea nitrogen was increased whereas secretion of creatinine was decreased. Significant increases occurred in the activity of alkaline phosphatse and lactic dehydrogenase. The activity of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase in rat urine showed no change. Urinary enzyme values more rapidly returned to normal values than glucose, urea nitrogen, and creatinine values. These findings suggest that the assay of urinary enzyme may be useful in the detection of slight injury in renal tubules. Specifically, proximal tubular injury is indicated by increased alkaline phosphatase activity and distal tubular injury by an elevation of lactic dehydrogenase.
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南廷杰 서울 敎育大學校 1977 論文集 Vol.10 No.-
Educational administration is undergoing radical change as a field of study since last twenty five years or so. Inspired by social and behavioral scientists, writers of educational administration were attracted to create administrative theory in education based on scientific inquiry. To be a scientific inquiry or to develop as a discipline, educational administration places the great emphasis on theory and research. In this context this paper clarifies what theory is excluding non-theory, anti-theoretical bias and blind beliefs in theory as well. Educational administrative theory is a set of assumptions from which can be derived principles that describe, explain, and predict the phenomena of educational administration. By definition, the commonly assumed dichotomy between theory and practice does not exist. Without theory practice is accidental and blind, and without practice theory is empty, for hypotheses can be tested only by an empirical examination. The value of theory lies in its usefulness as a tool. Administrative theory in education should be regulated by certain criteria which regulate scientific inquiry in general:objectivity, reliability, operational definitions, systematic structure, and comprehensiveness. In the similar point of view Thompson suggested the criteria for adequate administrative theory. In short, educational administrative theory should be hypothetico-deductive in terms of logico-positivism. The relationship of behavioral and social science to the study of educational administration may be identified three main points of view: as liberalizing, supplementary, and basic. Since this paper puts the emphasis on theory among a number of stimulating and challenging developments in the field of educational administration, social science is basic as the source of concepts, models, theories, and methodology which are applicable to educational administration. To implement social science concepts relevant to educational administration, there would be some sort of systematic process of five steps refered as "if-what," search, selection, teaching, and testing; and some danger of superficiality and narrowness, trained incapacitation, over-dependence. In conclusion, this paper proposes some issues and problems in current Korean educational administrative sitution. Those are as follows: a) significant role of the professors of educational administration. b) avoidance of substituting educational administration with social science, c) lack of precise domain of the study, d) over-respect for the experts, and theories from some developed nations with het-rogeneous cultural background, e) ignorance of philosophy and humanities, and f) lack of cooperative systems for interdisciplinary approach to educational administration.
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혼합치열기 전치부 반대교합 아동에서 Fra¨nkel functional regulator III의 치료효과
박정아,양규호,최남기,김선미 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.4
본 연구는 혼합치열기 전치부 반대교합 어린이를 대상으로 FR III가 치아와 골격의 성장에 미치는 효과를 평가하고자 하였다. FR III로 처치한 전치부 반대교합을 지닌 30명의 아동(평균나이 7.9 ± 1.1세 : 평균 치료기간 1.5 ± 0.8년)을 대상으로 치료 전후의 측모 두부방사선 사진을 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 상악에 대한 FR III의 골격적인 효과는 상악의 하방이동이며, 전방이동은 대조군과 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 2. 하악에 미치는 FR III의 골격적인 효과는 하악의 후하방이동과 SNB의 감소이다. 3. 치아에 대한 FR III의 효과는하악전치 첨부의 후방이동과수평피개의 증가였다. 이상의 결과로 단기간의 FR III 치료는 상악골의 전방이동 촉진효과는 미미하며 상악골의 하방이동, 하악골의 후하방 회전, 수평피개 증가효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the skeletal and dental effects obtained by the Frankel functional regulator III in growing children with Class III malocclusions. Cephalometric changes in thirty children at the time of mixed dentition malocclusions(initial mean age, 7.9 ± 1.1 years; mean treatment duration. 1.5 ± 0.8 years) were analysed. The results were as follows : 1. The skeletal effects on the maxilla showed a significant downward displacement whereas forward displacement was not significant in comparison with the control group. 2. The skeletal effects on the mandible showed statistically significant backward and downward displacement. 3. The dental effects showed statistically significant backward movement in the mandibular incisor tip and increase of overjet. The results suggested that forward displacement on the maxilla was insufficient and treatment effects were caused mainly by downward displacement of the maxilla, backward and downward rotation of the mandible, and the increase of overjet during short period.
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자궁경부암 냉동조직에서 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)을 이용한 인 유듀종바이러스 (HPV)의 출현과 임상적 특징과의 연관성에 관한 연구
권선호,남상륜,이증훈,노재랑,최준호 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1995 충남의대잡지 Vol.22 No.1
Infection with human papillomavirus(HPV) is considered to be the principal causal agent in the development of the uterine cervical cancer. To detect HPV types prevalent in carcinoma of the uterine cervix, a type-specific, sensitive polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-based assay for HPV types 16, 18, and 33 was applied to 40 cervical carcinomas(39 squamous cell carcinomas and 1 adenocarcinoma), 6 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN), and 18 samples of cervicitis and histologically normal cervix. PCR was done using 2 sets of Ll primer of HPV-16 and 18, 1 set of E2/E1 primer of HPV-33, and 3 sets of E6 primer of HPV-16, 18, 33. The amplified product was analyzed directly on the basis of the size of the ethidium bromide-stained band visible after agarose gel electrophoresis, which was confirmed by Southern blot hybridization. The results were as follows : 1. As expected, the combined incidence of the common high-risk genital HPVs(types 16, 18 and 33) was high in carcinomas (82.5%) and CIN 111(66.7%), low in CIN 1(33.3%), and nonexistent in the normal controls. 2. By using L1 primers and E1/E2 primers in 46 CINs and cervical carcinomas, HPV DNA was detected in 36(78.3%), which were 65.2%(30/46) for HPV 16, 8.7%(4/46) for HPV 33, 6.5%(3/46) for HPV-18, and only 1 case of mixed infection of HPV-16 and HPV-18 was detected. All normal cervices and cervicitis tissues were negative for HPV 16, 18 and 33. By using E6 primers, 35 (76.1%) cases were positive for HPV DNA, which were 67.4%(31/46) for HPV-16, 4.3%(2/46) each for HPV-18 and HPV-33. HPV 16 is the most common type present in squamous cell carcinoma. 3. There was no difference in detection rates of HPV DNA according to patients age in cervical carcinoma (p=0.188). 4. There were good correlation between the results obtained by PCR using Ll or E1/2 primer and those by E6 primer. The concordance rates were 93.8%(60/64) for HPV-16, 98.4% for HPV-18, and 96.9% for HPV-33. 5. There was no difference in detection rates of HPV DNA according to clinical stage in cervical carcinoma(p=0.2). 6. The detection rate of HPV DNA in case of serum SCC level under lOng/ml was 100%(17/17), which was higher than those in cases of serum SCC levels of 10ng/ml or more. "The detection rate was significantly decreased as serum SCC became high in level(p=0.012). 7. There was no difference in detection rates of HPV DNA according to tumor size in cervical carcinoma (p=0.743). 8. The reccurrence rate of patients with HPV-16 containing tumors was 28.6%((8/28), which was 3.4 times more than that of patients without HPV-16, but it was not statistically significant(p=0.162). The survival rate of patients with HPV-16 containing tumors was 82.1%, which was not different from from that of patients without HPV-16 containing tumrs(p=0.405). In conclusion, papillomavirus, especially HPV-16, played some role in the development of cervical cancer. There was no association between the HPV infection and the clinical characteristics including prognosis. However, in contrast to other studies, HPV type 18 and 33 were not the common type of HPV. Perhaps more cases should be analyzed.
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황해익,임재택,김정신,송연숙,이경화,김남희 부산대학교 영유아보육연구소 1998 영유아보육연구 Vol.4 No.-
This study aimed to develop Materials for (The Infant Educare Program) (Dept. of Health & Welfare, 1996). Infant educare Materials were developed through following procedures: 1) analysis of reference and other educare materials 2) content analysis of (The Infant Educare Program) 3) developing materials and 4)testing and revising materials by professionals. Infant educare Materials that developed in this study were constituted of 12 kinds in 5 areas - Materials for management of daycare center, the nursery stories for infants, musical materials for infants, play things for infants, and educational materials for parents. First, materials for management of daycare center were considered various conditions whithin daycare centers and were compased of 2 kinds - diary for educare plan and diskettes for documents. Second, the nursery stories for infants were compased of materials for 3 stages-the weaning stage, the toddling stage, and the independent stage. Similarly, musical materials for infants were composed of 3 stages. And play things for infants were composed of 2 kinds - play things to be easily founded and easily making play things. Finally, educational materials for parents were composed of 2 kinds - guide book for parents education and diskettes for communication with parents. It is needed that persistent attention from professionals in developing and testing materials for infant educare. Also, further educational implications were discussed
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Nam, Tae Kyun,Han, Jeung whan,Nam, Suk Woo,Seo, Dong-Wan,Lee, Young Jin,Ko, Young Kwon,Lee, Hyang Woo 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1996 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.8 No.1
Nitric oxide (NO) is thought to be a second messenger involved in secretion. Upon stimulating pancreatic acinar cells with cholecystokinin- pancreozymin (CCK-PZ), No formation has been shown to be associated with increased levels of cGMP (Seo et al., 1995). To elucidate the signaling pathway of VIP-induced enzyme secretion, we investigated the NO and cGMP synthesis steps as potential steps where two signal pathways triggered by CCK-PZ and VIP Interact. The results obtained in this work provide evidence that increase in pancreatic enzyme secretion by treatment with VIP has no relationship with NOS activity and cGMP level. This conclusion was derived from the following findings that VIP treatment of rat pancreatic tissue increased amylase release as well as protein output in a dose- and time-dependent manner, whereas NOS activity and cGNP synthesis were not affected by VIP treatment as monitored by NOS activity assay and determining cGMP level, which was further confirmed by a NOS-inhibitor study. Consequently, CCK-PZ or VIP increases enzyme secretion in rat pancreatic tissue, but the two hormones are different in their mode of action. Together the results suggest that signaling pathway of VIP-induced enzyme serection might either bypass the NO and cGMP synthesis steps or lie on a distinct pathway from CCK-PZ-induced pathway.
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