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한정한 ( Han¸ Jeong-han ) 한국어문학국제학술포럼 2021 Journal of Korean Culture Vol.53 No.-
이 논문의 목적은 체계기능언어학(systemic functional linguistics, SFL)의 관점에서 국어 소형절의 특징과 유형을 분석해 보는 것이다. 흔히 독립어, 감탄사, 호칭어, 인사말, 응답어, 간투사, 절대문 등으로 불리는 표현들이 그러한 예들이다. SFL에 따르면 절(clause)은 [서법부+잔여부]의 구조를 완전히 갖추어야 한다. 소형절은 이러한 구조를 갖추지 못한 채로 구어 또는 문어 텍스트에 쓰여서 주절 메시지 주위를 위성처럼 떠도는 담화표지들이다. SFL에서 모든 텍스트는 언어 시스템의 개별 사례가 되며, 맥락 안에서 다양한 양식(문어, 구어, 독백, 대화 등)으로 실현된다. 소형절과 생략절은 둘 다 텍스트의 일종이며 깊은 상관관계가 있다. 즉 화청자의 맥락 정보가 분명한 생략절에서는 주제구조(주제+제술)와 정보구조(구정보+신정보)에 편입되어야 할 성분들이, 맥락 정보가 불분명하거나 불특정한 청자를 대상으로 하여, 생략 성분을 복원할 수 없을 때는 소형절이 된다. 생략절과 소형절은 이렇게 중간지대가 존재할 수 있다. 그러나 대부분의 소형절은 후자에 해당한다. 소형절은 기본적으로 모두 텍스트적 차원의 소형 메시지들이지만, 소형절 성분의 기원이 어디에 있느냐에 따라서 크게 대인적 차원의 소형절과 텍스트적 차원의 소형절로 나누어진다. 첫째, 대인적 차원의 소형절에는, 다시 절 내부 성분으로, 양태 부사, 명사(구)(절대어), 동사(구)가 있다. 이들은 주제구조의 주제어(theme)로 기능하거나 아니면 주절과 독립적으로 쓰여 특정 담화 기능을 갖는 소형절이 된다. 그리고 절 외부 성분으로는 감탄 소형절, 호칭 소형절, 응답 소형절, 간투 소형절이 있다. 둘째, 텍스트적 차원의 소형절에는 계속 소형절, 접속 소형절, 절대절(유사절) 소형절 등이 있다. 한편, 제시어는 비록 텍스트 차원의 메시지에 속하지만, 제시적 주제어로만 쓰이고, 소형절 용법으로는 잘 사용되지 않는다. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the characteristics and types of Minor clause of Korean from the perspective of Systematic Functional Linguistics(SFL). Examples include expressions often called Independent, Exclamation, Call, Greeting, Response, Interjection, and Absolute sentences. According to the SFL, a clause must have a complete structure of [Mood+Residue]. Minor clauses is speech function signs that are used in spoken or written text without the mood structure and float like satellites around the main clause message. In SFL, all texts are individual instantiation of language system and are realized in various mode type(written, spoken, monologue, dialogue, etc.) within the context. Both minor and elliptical clauses are types of text and are highly correlated. That is, in an ellipsis with clear contextual information, the components that should be incorporated into the theme structure(theme+rheme) and information structure(old +new) become minor clause when the contextual information is unclear or unspecified. Elliptical and minor clauses can have this middle ground. However, a lots of Minor clauses correspond to the latter. Minor clauses are basically all text dimension small messages, and they can divided into Interpersonal and textual minor clauses depending on where the origin of the Minor clauses come from. First, Minor clauses on the interpersonal dimension, in more detail as internal components of the clause, include modal adverbs, nominal group/phrase(Absolute), and verbal group/phrase. They function as the theme of theme structure, or, written independently of the main clause, become minor clauses with specific textual functions. And as external components of the clause, there are exclamations, call, responsive, interjection. Second, minor clauses on the textual dimension include Continuative, Conjunctions, and Absolute clauses (pseudo clauses). On the other hand, although the Presentive word belongs to textual messages, unlike the rest, it is used as the Presentive theme of the theme structure, and is never used as minor clause.
Jeonghan Kwon,Subeen Kim,Jongduk Choi 한국전문물리치료학회 2023 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.30 No.4
Background: As social problems due to the acceleration of the aging era and the increase in the elderly population are becoming serious, virtual reality (VR)-based healthcare is emerging as an approach for preventing and managing health issues. Objects: This study used validity and reliability analyses to examine the clinical efficacy that is, the clinical value and usability of a novel VR cognitive evaluation system index that we developed. Methods: We developed a VR cognitive evaluation system based on motion recognition analysis evaluation for individuals aged 65 to 85. After conducting the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Exam (K-MMSE) cognitive evaluation, the evaluation score was verified through correlation analysis in the VR cognitive evaluation system. To verify the construct validity of the two groups, the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) grades were categorized into a normal cognitive group (GDS grade 1) and a cognitive impairment group (GDS grades 2 and 3). The data were measured twice to determine the reliability between the two measurements and assess the stability and clinical value of the evaluation system. Results: Our evaluation system had a high correlation of 0.85 with the widely used K-MMSE cognitive evaluation. The system had strong criterion-related validity at the 95% confidence interval. Compared to the average score of GDS grade 1 in the VR cognitive evaluation system, the average score of GDS grades 2 and 3 in the VR cognitive evaluation system was statistically significantly lower while also having strong construct validity at the 95% confidence interval. To measure the reliability of the VR cognitive evaluation system, tests–retests were conducted using the intraclass correlation coefficient (3,1), which equaled 0.923 and was statistically significant. Conclusion: The VR cognitive evaluation system we developed is a valid and reliable clinical tool to distinguish between normal cognitive status and mild cognitive impairment.