肺炎 誘發菌의 生育을 抑制하는 韓藥材 探索에 關한 硏究

정병운,서운교,정지천,한영환 동국대학교 한의학연구소 1999 東國韓醫學硏究所論文集 Vol.7 No.2

韓藥材 중 肺炎의 치료효과가 기대되는 淸熱化痰, 止咳平喘藥을 중심으로 23種의 藥材를 사용하여 肺炎을 유발하는 K. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes 및 S. pneumoniae 세균의 생육을 억제하는 藥材를 탐색하고, 탐색된 藥材의 추출물에 대한 세균의 最小生育抑制濃度를 측정하였다. 韓藥材의 水溶性 추출물 중 黃連, 胡黃蓮, 敗醬, 黃芩이 K. pneumoniae에서, 黃連이 S. pyogenes에 대해서 생육억제 효과가 있었으며, S. pneumoniae에 대한 比較沮止環의 直徑은 黃連, 鳥梅, 五味子, 黃芩이 우수하였으나 黃連 추출물 사용시 병원균 모두에서 生育沮止環의 크기가 가장 크게 나타났으며 對照群로 사용된 大腸菌과 枯草菌에서도 어느 정도의 抗細菌 효과를 볼 수 있었다. 에탄올 추출물에서는 敗醬, 黃芩, 五味子, 鳥梅가 K. pneumoniae 세균의 생육을 억제하였으며, S. pyogenes 세균은 黃連, 五味子, 鳥梅, 馬兜鈴찾, 黃芩에 의하여 생육이 억제되어 黃連은 水溶性 및 에탄올 溶解性 주출물에서 모두 우수한 抗細菌 효과를 보여주고 있다. 각 세균에 대한 最小生育沮止濃度(MIC)는 K. pneumoniae 세균일 경우 黃連 및 黃芩의 水溶性 추출물과 鳥梅 및 敗醬의 에탄올 溶解性 추출물이 유의성을 보였으며, S. pyogenes 세균은 黃連의 水溶性 및 에탄올 溶解性 추출물과 鳥梅의 에탄올 溶解性 추출물, S. pneumoniae 세균은 黃連과 鳥梅의 水溶性 및 에탄올 溶解性 주출물에서 유의성이 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 통하여 黃連, 五味子, 鳥梅, 黃芩, 胡黃蓮, 敗醬의 水溶性 및 에탄올 溶解性 추출물이 肺炎 誘發菌f K. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, S. pneumoniae에 對하여 우수한 生育抑制 作用을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. The various oriental herbal medicines, which have usually been used for treatment of reducing fever, purging intense heat and detoxication, were screened to determine the antibacterial activity and the minimal inhibitory concentration against pulmonary disease-causing Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Among the 23 oriental medicines tested, the water-soluble extracts of Coptis japonica, Scutellaria baicalensis and Picrorrhiza kurroca showed the antibacterial activity against K. pneumoniae and that of C. japonica against S. pyogenes. The antibacterial activities of C. japonica, Prunus mume, Schizandra chinesis, Scutellaria baicalensis were also found against S. pyogenes. When C. japonica was used, the high antibacterial activity was shown against Bacillus subtilis and other extracts showed a little activity against B. subtilis and E. coli as a control. 2. The ethanol-soluble extracts of Patrinia scabriosaefolia, P. mume, S. baicalensis, S. chinensis showed the antibacterial activity against K. pneumoniae and those of S. baicalensis, C. japonica, S. chinensis P. mume against S. pyogenes and S. pneumoniae. However, those extract showed a little antibacterial activity against B. subttilis and E. coli except for that the extract of C. japonica showed comparatively high growth inhibition of B. subtilis. 3. Among the medicinal herbs tested, the water- and ethanol extracts of C. japonica showed very extcellent antibacterial activity against the pathogenic bacteria and controls. 4. When the water-soluble extracts of C. japonica and S. baicalensis, minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against K. pneumoniae were 10 ㎎/㎖ and 22 ㎎/㎖, respectively. The MICs of the ethanol-soluble extracts of P. mume and P. scabriosaefolia were 5 ㎎/㎖ and 20 ㎎/㎖, respectively. 5. For the MICs against S. pyogenes, C. japonica showed 15 ㎎/㎖ with the water-soluble extract and P. mume and C. japonica with the ethanol-souble extract did 5 ㎎/㎖ and 10 ㎎/㎖, respecitively. 6. For the MICs against S. pneumoniae, C. japonica and P. mume with the water- and ethanol-souble extract showed 5 ㎎/㎖ and 10 ㎎/㎖, respecitively. As a result, the highest antibacterial activity was found in the water- and ethanol-soluble extracts of C. Japonica against pulmonary disease-causing bacteria, K. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, and S. pneumoniae. Also, the water- and ethanol-soluble extracts of S, chinensis, P. mume, S. baicalensis and P. kurrooa showed high antibacterial activities.

당뇨병 백서의 간세포에서 Glucokinase 활성도 및 유전자 발현에 대한 인슐린의 영향

강성이,팽정령,서광식,안규정,우정택,김성운,양인명,김진우,김영설,김광원,최영길 경희대학교 유전공학연구소 1993 遺傳工學論文集 Vol.5 No.-

목적 당대사의 조절 상태에 따른 생체 변화를 분자 수준에서 이해하고자 식이 조건을 달리한 정상 백서와 화학적으로 유도된 당뇨병 백서의 간조직에서 혈당수준과 인슐린치료 정도에 따라 나타나는 글루코키나제 활성도 및 유전자 발현을 분석하였다. 방법 스트렙토조토신 정맥투여 후 당뇨병의 유발을 확인하고, 인슐린을 1일 3회 3일간 복강내로 투여하여 상태를 안정시킨 후, 인슐린 투여군은 인슐린 투여 6시간이내에 그리고 인슐린 비투여군은 24시간 후 단두하여 채혈하고 복강을 열어 간조직을 채취하였다. 채취한 간조직에서 글루코키나제 활성도는 인산화된 포도당에서 NADH의 형성을 형광분광계로 측정하였으며, 글루코키나제 유전자 mRNA발현은 Northern 분석법을 이용하였다. 성적 정상 백서에서 공복상태와 식이를 섭취한 경우에 간조직의 글루코키나제 효소의 활성은 차이가 없었으나, 글루코키나제 유전자 mRNA 발현은 증가되었다. 당뇨병이 유발된 백서의 간조직에서 글루코키나제 효소의 활성 및 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA 발현은 정상 백서에 비하여 낮았다. 인슐린 투쳐 후 글루코키나제 효소의 활성 및 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA 발현이 증가되었고, 특히 혈당이 정상화된 경우에서 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA 발현이 증가도었다. 결론 인슐린에 의한 간조직에서 글루코키나제 효소의 활성 및 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA을 증가를 볼수 있었다. 당뇨병 백서에서 인슐린 투여 후에 혈당조절이 안된 경우 간조직의 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA 발현이 증가가 없는 것으로 보아 글루코키나제 mRNA의 발현에는 인슐린 이외의 다른 요소가 관여할 것으로 생각된다. The liver-specific hexokinase isoenzyme, referred to as glucokinase, is thought to play a key reglulatory role in hepatic glucose metabolism. The glucokinase gene is, therefore, of interest both because of its tissue-specific expression and because of the several regulatory processes that can be analyzed. The level of hepatic glucokinase activity appears to be determined essentially by regulation of the rate of enzyme synthesis, with insulin playing a leading role as an inducer. We investigated the role of insulin for the induction of glucokinase in the liver of diabetic rats. Experimental diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin 7 days before the experiment. Regular insulin was given by three days intraperitoneal injection at 8-h interval. The glucokinase mRNA in the liver was estimated by Nothern blot assay, as well as by fluorometric enzyme activity assay. Glucokinase activity was not reduced in the liver of normal fasting rats as compared to normal fed rats. And glucokinase activity was reduced in the liver of diabetic rats as compared to normal rats. In diabetic rats treated with insulin, glucokinase enzyme activity were increased. But glucokinase mRNA expression was only increased in normoglycemic diabetic rat with treated with insulin as compared to hyperglycemic rat. These data indicate that insulin stimulates hepatic glucokinase enzyme activity and mRNA expression. But other hormonal or metabolic factors may be contribute to regulation of glucokinase mRNA expression.

박실지와 연당지의 植物相과 그들의 保護

鄭宇珪,孔榮植,金哲壽,梁運眞 경남대학교 환경문제연구소 1996 환경연구 Vol.18 No.-

1990년 7월부터 1996년 8월까지 16회에 걸쳐 慶南 陝川郡 龍州面 박실지와 연당지 및 그 周邊 地域의 水生植物과 植物相을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. 조사된 總 植物은 38目 107科 287屬 365種 1亞種 61變種 3品種 總 430種類로 구성되었다. 2. 이들 중 水生植物이 11目 22科 41種 10變種 1品目 總 52 種類 12.1%이고, 挻水植物 25種類 5.8%, 浮葉植物 15種類 3.5%, 沈水植物 9種類 2.5%, 浮生植物 3種類 0.8%였다. 3. 陸上植物은 36目 92科 269屬 324種 1亞種 51變種 2品種 總 378種類 87.0%였고, 이들 중에는 濕生植物이 50種類 13.2%, 水邊植物이 328種類 86.8%였다. 4. 박실지의 溜池에서 優占種은 마름, 準優占種은 줄이었고, 연당지에서의 優占種은 줄이었고 準優占種은 연이었다. 5. 희귀식물인 가시연꽃과 통발, 북방분자인 돌단풍과 도루박이 및 최근에 국내에 분포하는 것이 확인된 민초피나무의 분포가 논의되었다. The flora and distribution of hydrophytes and terrestrial plants from Paksil and Yundang swamp and their adjacent area in Hapchon-hun. Kyongsangnam-do were investigated at sixteen times from July. 1990 to August. 1996. The flora was composed of 38 orders. 107 families. 287 genera. 365 species. 1 subspecies, 61 varieties, and 3 forma, total 430 taxa. Among them, the vascular hydrophytes were composed of 11 orders. 22 families, 31 genera, 41 species, 10 varieties, and 1 forma, total 52 taxa. 12.1%. These were composed of 25 taxa emerged plants. 15 taxa floating-leaves plants. 9 taxa submerged plants, and 3 taxa free-floating plants. The terrestrial plants were composed of 36 orders. 92 families. 269 genera. 324 species. 1 subspecies. 51 varieties, and 2 forma. total 378 taxa. 87.9%. Among them, the hygrophytes and water side plants were 50 taxa, 13.2% and 328 taxa, 86.8%. In Paksil swamp dominent species was Trapa japonica and subdominent was Zizania latiforia on the whole. In Yundang swamp dominent species was Zizania latiforia and subdominent species was Nelumbo nucifera on the whole. The distribution of Euryale ferox. Scirpus radicans. Acerphyllum rossii. Utricularia Japonica. Xanthoxylum piperitum var. inerme. were discussed. Also the work protection of Paksil swamp were discussed.

X-cut LiNbO_3 광도파로 제작 및 패턴 특성

정운조,김성,박계춘 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2001 공업기술연구 Vol.1 No.-

The optical near field patterns, propagation loss and mode sizes of x-cut Ti:LiNbO_3 optical waveguide which was fabricated by Ti-diffusion varying with Ti strip thickness in wet oxygen atmosphere were investigated and tested at optical wavelength 1550㎚. As Ti thickness increased from 760A˚, the insertion loss of waveguide was decreased. But at Ti thickness 1500A˚, mode sizes are widely broadened. The Ti thickness of below 1100A˚ and above 1500A˚ showed negative effects to propagation loss and fiber coupling. The best Ti thickness for fabricating low propagation loss and good fiber coupling was inferred to be between 1100A˚-1500A˚ in our conditions. And for Ti thickness 1150A˚, its propagation loss, horizontal/vertical mode sizes were measured 1.61㏈/㎝, 11.9/8.9㎛ for TM, 0.22㏈/㎝, 12.0/9.1㎛ for TE respectively.

다문화교육에 대한 대구·경북지역 중등학교 국어·사회과 교사의 인식 비교 연구

정진홍,강운선 大邱大學校 師範大學 附設 敎育硏究所 2009 學校敎育硏究 Vol.5 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 대구․경북 지역의 사회과 교사와 국어과 교사는 다문화 교육에 대한 인식과 이해의 정도에서 차이가 있음을 밝히는 것이다. 이를 위하여 다문화교육에 관한 선행연구를 고찰하여 다문화 교육의 목표와 다문화 교육에 대하여 교사들이 취할 수 있는 다양한 관점 등을 정리하고, 그것에 근거하여 설문지를 구성하였다. 설문지는 우편과 온라인의 방법으로 배부하였으며, 169부의 설문지가 분석 대상으로 활용되었다. 다문화교육 이해도와 다문화교육 목표에 대한 관점의 차이를 검증하기 위해 t-test, 분산분석(ANOVA)을 활용하였다. 분석 결과는 국어 교사와 사회과 교사의 다문화교육 이해도에서는 차이가 없었으며, 다문화교육 목표에 대한 관점에서도 오히려 국어 교사가 더 배려적인 것으로 조사되었다. The objective of this study was to examine the degree of understanding and perspective on multicultural education of secondary school Korean and social studies teachers in the Daegu/Gyeongbuk region. In order to achieve the goal of this study, I set the following hypotheses: 1) Social studies teachers will have a higher degree of understanding for multicultural education than Korean teachers; 2) Social studies teachers sided more with the goal of consideration type multicultural education compared to Korean teachers. In order to verify the above-mentioned hypotheses, this study implemented verification and analysis procedure using statistics processing program (SPSS 14.0). In order to examine teachers' characteristics, the degree of understanding for multicultural education, and frequency of the perspectives on the goal of multicultural education, I utilized frequency analysis. In order to verify the reliability of the measurement method, I implemented verification by using Cronbach’s Alpha. In addition, in order to verify the difference of the degree of understanding for multicultural education and perspectives on multicultural education goal according to teachers' census statistical characteristics, I utilized t-test and ANOVA. Therefore, I came up with the following analysis results: First, most of the respondents had heard of multicultural education and understood the concept of multicultural families, however a few teachers understood "negatively" by answering that multicultural education is education for encouraging students from multicultural families, education about minority group cultures, and alternate curriculum for current curriculum, which is for students from multicultural families. Second, respondents answered that they do not agree that multicultural education is for minority groups to give up their mother tongue and culture and accept the mainstream society's culture in order to live in the mainstream society, Third, as a result of the hypotheses verification, Hypothesis 1 and 2 was rejected.

木浦(나무벌)의 水生 및 濕生管束植物相과그들의 保護

鄭宇珪,孔榮植,梁運眞 경남대학교 환경문제연구소 1995 환경연구 Vol.17 No.-

1993년 7월 부터 1995년 5월 까지 9회에 걸쳐 慶南 昌寧郡準 梨房面 木浦(나무벌)의 水生 및 濕生植物과 그들의 生活形, 開花期 및 花色을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. 조사된 總 植物은 4目 31科 48屬 71種 14變種 2品種 總 87種類였다. 2. 이들 중 水生植物이 11目 20科 23屬 38種 9變種 1品種 總 48種類 55.2%이고, 挻水植物 22種類 45.8%, 浮??植物 15種類 31 3%, 沈水植物 8種類 9.2%, 浮生植物 3種類 6.3%였다. 3. 濕生植物은 10目 24科 25屬 33種 5變種 1品種 總 39種類 44.8%였다. 4. 木浦 植物相의 開花期는 7~8월에 가장 많이 開花하여 여름개화기 후형이었고 北半球 溫帶 氣候 開花期이었다. 5. 木浦 樵物相의 花色 多樣性에서 가장 많은 색은 綠色(33.3%)이었고 다음이 흰색(25.4%)이었다. 6. 溜池에는 마름이 優占種이었고, 가시연꽃이 準優占種이었으며 가시연꽃은 單一種으로 된 群落을 형성하고 있었다. 7. 늪지의 水生 및 濕生植物의 分布 즉 마름, 가시연꽃 자라풀, 수염마름 등의 分布가 논의되었으며 이들 濕地植物과 늪의 保護를 위한 課題도 논의되었다. The flora, distribution, life form, flowering period, and flower colors of hydrophytes and hygrophytes from Mokp,o swamp in Changny□ng-gun, Ky□ngsangnam-do, Korea were investigated at nine times from July, 1993 to August, 1995. The flora was composed of 16 orders, 31 families, 48 genera, 71 species, 14 varieties, and 2 forma; total 87 taxa. Among them, the vascular hydrophytes were composed of 11 orders, 20 families, 23 genera, 38 species. 9 varieties, and 1 forma, total 48 taxa, 55.2%. These were composed of 22 taxa emerged plants(45.8%), 15 taxa floating-leaves plants(31.3 %), 8 taxa submerged plants(9.2%), and 3 taxa free-floating plants(6.3%). The hygrophytes were composed of 10 orders, 13 families, 25 genera, 33 species, 5 varieties, and 1 foema: total 39 taxa, 44.8%. The peak of flowering period occurred in August. The most species in this swamp were flowering from July to August. The pattern of flowering period was responded summer flowering climate pattern and northern middle latitute region flowering climate pattern. In the study of flower color diversity of Mokp,o flora, the most abundunt colcr was green taxa(33.3%) and the white was second(26.4%). In Mokp.o swamp dominent species was Trapa japonica and subdominent was Euryale ferox on the whole. The distribution of hydrophytes: Euryale ferox, Trapa japonica, Hydrocharis dubia and Trapella sinensis var antenifera were discussed. Also the work for protection of the swamp and wetland plants in Mokp.o were discussed.

중량이 비슷하고 형태가 다른 의복간의 신체보온효과와 체온조절반응

정운선 安東大學 1991 安東大學 論文集 Vol.13 No.1

Present study was conducted to compare the effects of different types of clothing in the similar weight on temperature regulation under the cyclic changes of air temperature : cooling(from 22℃ to 10℃) and warming(from 10℃ to 22℃). Experiment was carried out in a climatic chamber with six healthy male subjects in the supine posture. Two types of clothing were considered : one insulated the central part of the body and half of the extremities (Type B : 1722g) and the other insulated whole body except the face (Type C : 1825g). Major findings are summarized as follows : 1) Rectal temperature was varied with the cyclic changes of air temperature and was maintained higher in Type B than Type C. 2) Mean body and mean skin temperature were maintained higher in Type C than Type B. 3) There were no significant differences in heat production and heat loss between Type B and Type C. 4) Subjective thermal sensations and general thermal comfort which the subjects felt were colder and less comfortable in Type B than Type C. These findings were discussed in terms of vasomotor activity with peripheral vasoconstriction and counter-current heat exchange system.

알루미나 기판상에 형성된 타이타늄 박막의 특성연구

정운조,박계춘,정해덕 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2002 공업기술연구 Vol.2 No.-

Ti films were deposited onto 100×100 ㎜ alumina substrates using dc magnetron sputtering under the following conditions; substrate temperature of R.T.∼400 ℃, annealing temperature of 100∼400 ℃ and sputtering gas pressure of 1.3∼3.0×10^-2 Torr. And the film were examined by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and 4-point measurement system. The best electrical and structural properties obtained by substrate temperature of ∼200 ℃, target-substrate distance of ∼14 ㎝ and sputtering pressure of 1.3∼1.7×10^-2 Torr. Also at that condition the most excellent adhesion was observed.

농작업복 및 농작업 환경에 관한 국내연구의 동향

정운선 安東大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 1997 農業科學技術 硏究論文集 Vol.4 No.-

본 연구에서는 농작업복과 농작업 환경에 관하여 연구된 것으로서 국내 학회지에 게재된 문헌을 중심으로 연구내용을 연대별로 고찰하였다. 농작업복 연구 (11편)의 특징은 신소재 직물을 사용하였거나 비닐 하우스 내 작업에 적합한 작업복을 개발하고, 인체 착용실험을 통하여 착용효과를 관찰한 것이다. 농작업 환경 연구 (7편)는 작업 도구를 사용하여 작업자의 신체적 부담을 줄이고 작업 능률 향상을 꾀한 것이다. A study was conducted to review the research papers on work clothing and working environment in the rural area, published in Korean journals. Eleven papers on work clothing research were mainly related to the effect of wearing work clothing made of newly developed fabrics, especially in the plastic house. Seven papers on working environment were quite related to reduced work load and improving work efficiency with some tools.

X-cut LiNbO_3 광도파로 제작 및 패턴 특성

정운조,김성,박계춘 木浦大學校 應用科學硏究院 2001 應用科學硏究誌 Vol.1 No.-

The optical near field patterns, propagation loss and mode sizes of x-cut Ti:LiNbO_3 optical waveguide which was fabricated by Ti-diffusion varying with Ti strip thickness in wet oxygen atmosphere were investigated and tested at optical wavelength 1550nm. As Ti thickness increased from 760Å, the insertion loss of waveguide was decreased. But at Ti thickness 1500Å, mode sizes are widely broadened. This Ti thickness of below 1100Å and above 1500Å showed negative effects to propagation loss and fiber coupling. The best Ti thickness for fabricating low propagation loss and good fiber coupling. The best Ti thickness for fabricating low propagation loss and good fiber coupling was inferred to be between 1100Å-1500Å in our conditions. And for Ti thickness 1150Å, its propagation loss, horizontal/vertical mode sizes were measured 1.61dB/cm, 11.9/8.9㎛ for TM, 0.22dB/cm, 12.0/9.1㎛ for TE respectively.