제올라이트촉매상에서의 톨루엔과 메탄올의 측쇄알킬화반응

朴憲烈,金正基,李寅善 중앙대학교 기술과학연구소 1988 기술과학연구소 논문집 Vol.18 No.-

The side-chain alkylation of toluene with methanol was studied experimentally over cation-exchanged X and Y zeolites. According to the experimental results, the higher conversions have been obtained at 420℃ and reactant mole ratio=6(toluene/methanol) and over K-exchanged X-zeolite, the yields of styrene and ethylbenzene were 5.7%, 4.4% respectively that were remarkably higher compared with those over KY-zeolite, and also the yield of products over KX-zeolite was higher than over CaX-zeolite since the potassium ion over X-zeolite enhances the catalytic due to its basic tendency compared with the calcium ion. The reaction path was suggested for this reaction using both the acidic and basic sites on the surface.

하악대구치의 치성감염으로 유발된 안외골막하농양의 치험례

김동률,최동주,홍광진,이정구 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2000 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.22 No.1

A 61-years old man with diabetes mellitus (DM) was admitted to our hospital, complaining of progressive right periorbital swelling, headache and toothache on the right lower second molar. On the first visit, moderate swelling was noticed from the right periorbital region with exophtalmos and subconjunctival effusion. Intraorally, right lower second molar had a severe periodontal disease and fistular formation on its distal area. From 3 days after hospitalization, the visual acuity of his right eye was gradually worsen and we performed CT scan. CT scan demonstrated an inflammatory change at the right orbit with subperiosteal abscess at the inferior orbital wall, which was extended from the right infiratemporal, parapharyngeal and internal pterygoid space. Patient was treated by mean of intraoral (right upper vestibular and retromolar) and extraoral(infraorbital) incision and drainage, massive anti-therapy and DM control. The patient improved gradually and finally was discharged from the hospital, but his visual loss of right side was not recovered.

東南鑛山의 地質과 鑛床成因에 對한 硏究

徐正律,李在英 慶北大學校 自然科學大學 1983 自然科學論文集 Vol.2 No.-

This work deals with geology and ore deposits at the Dongnam mine. dongnam mine is located at 128°46'∼18°49'E, 37°16'∼37°18'N in Mureong-ri, Nam-myun, Jeongseon-gun, Gangweon-do, Korea. Geology of the mine consists of Cambrian slate(Myobong Formation), Ordovician limestone (Poongchon and Hwajeol Formation), Cretaceous (?) granitic intrusives, and Quaternary alluvium deposits. General trend of strike and dip of bedding plane in sedimentary rocks is N10°∼45°E, 5°∼30°SE, and joints in granitic intrusives strike NS-N30°E, dipping 70°∼80°NW. Main lineament of the study area shows a trend of NNE-SSW. Granitic intrusives, diorite and quarts porphyry, are classified depending on the predominent normative minerals and chemical compositions: diorite into diorite-tonalite-monzodiorite-granodiorite, and quartz porphyry into granite-quartz monzonite-granite. The petrochemical nature of source magma inferred from Niggli value is semi-femic, intermediate alkaline and c-normal for diorite, and salic, alkali-rich and c-poor for quartz porphyry. Sedimentary rocks were thermally metamorphosed by the granitici ntrusives to form mostly albiteepidote hornfels from pelitic Myobons slate and hornblende hornfels from Poongchon limestone. Contact metasomatic deposits of magnetite and hematite were formed in the country rocks in the border zone with the intrusives, hydrothermal Pb-Zn-Mn deposits along the fault shear zoneand a stockwork deposit of molybdenite in the diorite itself. The molybdenite deposit is thought to be formed in the early solidified margin by the residual mineralized solution of the intrusive itself. Molybdenite bearing skarn is plotted in the triangualr diagram of diopside-hedenbergite-johannsenite within the same compositional region as the copper-bearing skarn of general porphyry copper deposits. The wallrock alteration is potassic in diorite and propylitic in quartz porphyry. As shown in ACF and AKF triangular diagrams quartz porphyry belongs to epidote-chlorite-calcite and kaolinite-muscovite-chlorite facies. The sequence and stage of mineralization is: igneous intrusion→skarnization→Fe oxide→Fe sulphide→rhodochrosite→calcite→supergene enrichment of Mn oxide. The Dongnam mine has 4 types of ore deposite: contact metasomatic deposits at the border zone of limestone with the granitic intrusives, hydrothermal filling and replacement deposits along the fault shear zone, and disseminated hydrothermal stockwork deposit in the diorite itself. Main ore minerals are composed mainly of magnetite and hematite in the contact metasomatic deposits, and Mn carbonates, galena, sphalerite and molybdenite in the hydrothermal deposits. Mn oxides are enriched at surface by surpergene oxidation of primary Mn carbonates.

TFELD 절연층을 위해 ITO glass위에 증착된 (Ba_(0.5),Sr_(0.5))TiO₃박막의 특성

김정환,배승춘,권성렬,정훈,박진우,김기완 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1998 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.9 No.1

We have studied that dielectric and electrical properties of (Ba_(0.5),Sr_(0.5))TiO_(3) thin films deposited on Indium Tin Oxide-coated glass substrate by using rf-magnetron sputtering method in this paper. Substrates were heated at room, 300℃ , 400℃, and 500℃. Working pressure was changed 5mTorr, 10mTorr, 20mTorr, 30mTorr respectively substrates temperature, and Ar:O_(2), ratio was fixed 9:1. SEM analysis was conducted to investigate thickness of BST thin films. Dielectric constant, current-voltage(I-V), and transmittance were measured. We observed difference of that thickness, dielectric constant, current-voltage(I-V), and transmittance due to variable substrates temperature and working pressure. We also obtained best conditions at 400℃, 30mTorr. Dielectric constant was 209.1 at 1kHz, leakage current density was below 7.35X10^(-7)A/cm^(2) at 100V, and transmittance was over 91%.

악성 흉막삼출액에서 Bleomycin을 이용한 흉막유착설의 시술효과

박정현,김학렬,양세훈,정은택 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2002 圓光醫科學 Vol.17 No.1

목적: 악성 흉막삼출액이 반복적이고 지속적으로 발생하는 경우, 호흡곤란, 흉통등의 증상을 유발시키므로 흉막경화제에 의한 흉막유착술을 시행할 수 있다. 흔히 사용되던 talc의 심각한 부작용이 보고되고 있고, doxycycline 주사제도 국내에서 발매되지 않고 있다. 이에 연자들은 항암제로 소개된 bleomycin을 이용한 흉막유착술의 단기와 중기효과, 부작용 및 생존율 등을 전향적으로 확인하였다. 방법: 2000년 1월부터 2001년 12열까지 원광대학교 부속병원에 내원하여 반복적이고 지속적인 악성 흉막삼출액으로 흉막유착술이 필요한 26명의 환자를 대상으로 특별한 전 처치 없이 bleomycin 60 unit를 식염수와 함께 흉강 내 주입 후, 1일 후의 흉관에 의한 배액량을 확인하고 부작용을 관찰하였으며, 1개월 후에 흉부 방사선상으로 재 저류 유무를 확인하였다. 또한 시술 반응군과 비반응군으로 나누어 중앙생존기간을 비교분석 하였다. 결과: 시술 1일 후 26예중 10예(38%)에서 배액이 없었고, 8예(31%)에서 배액량이 100ml이하였으며, 8예(31%)는 100ml이상이었으나 시술 전보다 감소하였으며 증가된 경우는 없었다. 유의할만한 부작용은 4예(고열 3예, 흉통 1예)에서 발생하였으나, 대증요업으로 조절되었다. 시술 1개월 후 흉부 방사선과 26예중 9예(35%)는 재 저류액이 없었고, 10예(38%)는 저류액이 있으나 시술 전보다 감소하였으며, 1예(4%)는 이전과 변화가 없었고, 6예(23%)는 시술 전보다 저류액이 증가하였다. 시술 후 단기 및 중기효과를 반응군과 비반응군으로 나누어 중앙생존기간으로 양군간을 비교하였을 때, 반응군에서 연장이 되었으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론: 이상의 결과로서 bleomycin에 의한 흉막유착술은 다른 경화제보다 특별한 전 처치가 필요 없는 간편하고, 비교적 부작용이 적은 안전한 방법이며, 효과적인 치료성적을 보이는 시술로 사료된다. Background : Malignant pleural effusions are common and significant problems in patients with advanced malignancy. Repeated thoracentesis provides temporary symptomatic improvement, but most patients progressively cause dyspnea or pleuritic pain. So pleurodesis with sclerosing agent is effective as a palliative treatment. There are many drugs used as pleural sclerosing agents. But doxycycline hasn't been used in Korea since 1999. And recently talc has been reported serious side effects. In this study, pleurodesis with bleomycin was prospectively investigated for its short term and middle period effects and its side effects. Methods : Twenty-six patients with malignant pleural effusion were prospectively analyzed to estimate the effects of bleomycin pleurodesis. Without special management before the procedure, 60 units of bleomycin in 50-100ml of normal saline were instilled into the pleural space via a small bore catheter(8-10 F). Andthen repeated positional changes and rotations were done for 2 hours. We measured the drainage amount and evaluated the side effects after 24 hours and checked the existence of the effusion by chest radiography after 1 month. Results : After 24 hours, the drainage amount showed that the responder group(none or ≤ 100ml) was 69%, and that the nonresponder group(> 100ml) was 31%. Side effects (high fever in 3 cases and severe pleuritic pain in 1 case) were 15%(4/26), but patients recovered easily by symptomatic management. After 1 month, chest radiography showed that the response rate(complete or partial response) was 73%. Differences of survival times between responder and nonresponder group was not statistically significant. Conclusions : We are suggest that bleomycin as a pleural sclerosing agent is a relatively simple, safe and effective agent. But a prospective study with a larger number of patients must be warranted.

膽痲疹의 原因, 症狀 및 鍼灸治療穴에 對한 文獻的 考察

金柾勳,李賢,李秉烈 대전대학교 한의학연구소 2001 한의학연구소 논문집 Vol.10 No.1

The following results were obtained. 1.The Urticaria is similar to the korean medical name of yeun-jin(연疹), yum-leu(염류), pung-jin-geu(風疹槐), pung-sa(風사), pung-so-yeunjin(風搖연진). 2.The most part of the causes that induce Urticaria are like that, the sup-yeul(濕熱) that caused by the sa-gi(邪氣)'s invasion, food and behavior's fault, is gathering in the gastrointestinal tract. 3.The symptomes are like that, the severe pruritic blisters are spread on the whole body, and the color of the blisters is red or white, and nausea, vomitting, abdominal pain, chest discomfort are induced with the Urticaria. 4.The Su-Chok yangmyong Kyong(手·足陽明經), Chok taeum Kyong(足太陰經) and Chok taeyang Kyong(足太陽經) are used for the acupuncture therapy of Urticaria. 5.The acupuncture points of the Kokch(曲地), Hyolhae(血海), Chok-Samni(足三里), Samumgyo(三陰交), Hapkok(合谷) are used for the acupuncture therapy of Urticaria. 6.the Pye-area(肺區), Shinmun(神門), dammajin-area(??麻疹區), Shinsangsun(腎上腺), Chimbu(枕部) are used for the acupuncture therapy of Uriticaria in the ear-acupuncture therapy of Urticaria.

PVD 방법에 의한 TiN barrier metal 형성과 공정개발

염병렬,박형호,최치규,이종덕,김건호,이정용,서경수,강민성 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1997 基礎科學硏究 Vol.10 No.2

Ar과 N₂?가스가 혼합된 분위기에서 반응성 스퍼터링 방법에 의하여 TiN 박막을 증착하였다. N₂ 가스의 농도는 화학양론적으로 TiN이 형성되는 조건에 맞도록 조절하였으며, 기판의 온도는 실온에서 부터 700℃의 범위내로 유지하였다. (111) texture 구조를 가지면서 화학양론적으로 Ti??N??인 박막은 기판의 온도가 600℃ 이상에서 형성되었고, 기판의 온도가 600℃ 이하에서는 형성된 박막은 N-과다형이었다. XRD, XPS 및 RBS 분석 결과 TiN 박막의 조성비는 기판의 온도에서 다소 의존하였으나 약 5% 이내에 불과하였다. TiN 박막의 면저항은 기판온도의 증가에 따라 감소하였고, 기판온도가 600℃에서 증착된 TiN 박막의 면저항능 14.5Ω/□ 였고, Ar―가스 분위기에서 700℃로 30초간 열처리한 후는 8.9Ω/□ 이었다. 따라서 반응성 스퍼터링방법에 의하여 형성되는 양질의 TiN 박막은 기판온도가 600℃이상이 최적조건임을 알았다. Titanium nitride (TiN) films were prepared by reactive sputter deposition in mixed gas of Ar+N₂?. The volume percentage of N₂ in the working gas was chosen so as to grow stoichiometric TiN films and the substrate temperature during film growth was set from room temperature to 700℃. stoichiometric Ti??N?? films with (111) texture were grown at temperatures over 600℃, while films prepared at temperatures below 600℃ showed N-rich TiN. The composition x and y in the Ti??N?? films determined by XPS and RBS varied within 5% with the substrate temperature. The sheet resisstance of the TiN films decreases as the substrate temperature increased. TiN film prepared at 600℃ showed 14.5Ω/□, and it decreased to 8.9Ω/□ after the sample was annealed at 700℃, 30 sec in Ar-gas ambient by RTA. By far, high quality stoichiometric TiN films by reactive sputtering in the mixed gas ambient could be prepared at substrate temperature over 600℃.

뮤코펙트 정(염산암브록솔 30mg)에 대한 암브렉트 정의 생물학적 동등성

유정연,정선경,최미희,한상범,이경률,이희주 한국약제학회 2003 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.33 No.3

A bioequivalence study of Ambrect^(™) tablets (Dong Wha Pharm. Ind. Co., Ltd.) to Mucopect^(™) tablets(Boe-hringer Ingelheim Korea, Ltd.) was conducted according to the guideline of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Twenty four healthy male Korean volunteers received each medicine at the ambroxol hydorchoride dose of 30 ㎎ in a 2×2 crossover study. There was a one-week wash out period between the doses. Plasma concentrations of ambroxol were monitored by a high-performance liquid chromatography for over a period of 24 hours after the administration. Aug_(t)(the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to 24 hr) was calculated by the linear trapezoidal rule method. C_(max) (maximum plasma drug concentration) and T_(max) (time to reach C_(max)) were compilied from the plasma concentraction-time data. Analysis of variance was carried out using logarithmically transformed AUC_(T) and C_(max). No significant sequence effect was found for all of the bioavailability parameters indicating that the crossover design was properly performed. The 90% confidence intervals of the AUC_(t) ratio and the C_(max) ratio for Ambrect^(™)/Mucopect^(™) were 0.89-1.01 and 0.89-1.02, respectively. These values were within the acceptable bioequivalence intervals of 0.80-1.25. Thus, our study demonstarated the bioequivalence of Ambrect^(™) and Mucopect^(™) with respect to the rate and extent of absorption.

상악골절단술 후 외전신경마비를 동반한 경동맥 해면정맥돌루

이원학,김동률,홍광진,이정구 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2000 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.22 No.2

Carotid cavernous sinus fistula(CCSF) is an abnormal communication at the base of the skull between the internal carotid artery and the cavernous sinus. Fistula is almost associated with extensive facial trauma as a result of direct or indirect forces. Most fistulas of traumatic origin develop as a result of fractures through the base of the skull, which cause the laceration of the internal carotid artery near the cavernous sinus. The signs and symptoms of CCSF are pulsating exophthalmosis, orbital headache, pain, orbital or frontal bruit, loss of visual acuity, diplopia and ophthalmoplegia. Angiography reveals a definite CCSF and a detachable balloon embolization is known to be the treatment of choice. Even though carotid cavernous sinus fistula is an uncommon complication after orthognathic surgery, several cases of CCSF due to congenital anomalies, pre-existing aneurysms and abnormally thickened maxillary posterior wall have been reported in the literature. We have experienced a case of CCSF after Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement in skeletal class III patient and the cause, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of this case.

지방자치단체의 업무생산성 제고방안 : 행정과정의 혁신과 정보기술의 활용 Focused on Innovation of Administrative Process and Application of Information Technology

김영재,김정렬 全北行政學會 2000 全北行政學報 Vol.14 No.1

정부 생산성의 위기시대를 맞이하여 새로운 요구를 반영하는 혁신작업이 다양한 형태로 추진되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 지방자치단체에 초점을 부여한 상태에서 정부생산성 개념에 대한 재검토 작업과 더불어 전자정부 구현수단을 활용한 업무생산성 제고방안들을 제시하였다. 부연하면, 먼저 정부생산성 개념에 대한 재검토 작업은 정부 생산성 논의의 원형으로 평가되는 미국과 영국사례를 소개하는 한편 생산성 개념의 구성요소들을 활용한 평가모형 사례들을 소개하였다. 다음으로 과정적 측면에 초점을 부여한 상태에서 전자 정부 구현수단들의 유용성과 한계를 다각도로 검토하였다.