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특수교육 현장에서 AAC 시스템의 활용에 대한 사용자의 경험 및 요구분석
김정연,황지현 이화여자대학교 특수교육연구소 2012 특수교육 Vol.11 No.3
This study was performed to identify the AAC users' requirement to improve the utilization of the AAC system and supplement of the high-quality AAC system to develop a fitting system for user convenience. To collect data, focus group and individual interviews were conducted. Thirty-four individuals (twenty-four specialist of special educations and ten parents) who assisted ten users of AAC system with disabilities were interviewed. The results of usability evaluation showed six themes and sixteen sub-topics by analysis of the transcribed interview contents were as follows. (1) the technical characteristics of the AAC system, (2) the contents of the AAC system, (3) the teaching and learning supports through the AAC system, (4) the utilization of AAC system user, (5) the utilization of AAC system facilitator, (6) the support of the various conditions. Based on these results, in order to increase the utilizability of the AAC system in the field of special education, the flexible user interface design considering the various levels and the ability of the user should be developed during initial development process and the further studies on ways to increase the efficiency of the AAC system based on continued usability evaluation should be continued. 본 연구는 보완·대체 의사소통(AAC) 시스템을 개발하는 과정에서 특수교육 현장에서의 AAC 사용자의 요구사항을 파악하여 AAC 시스템의 활용도를 높이고 고품질의 AAC 시스템을 보완하여 사용자 편의에 적합한 시스템을 개발하기 위해 수행되었다. AAC 시스템으로 마이토키(My Talkie) 사용자인 장애학생 10명을 직·간접적으로 지원한 특수교육 관련 전문가 24명, 대상 학생의 보호자 10명을 대상으로 개별면담과 포커스그룹 면담을 통한 자료를 수집하였다. 면담 내용을 전사하여 분석한 사용성 평가의 결과는 6가지 대주제와 16개의 하위주제로 도출되었으며, 결과는 다음과 같다. (1) AAC 시스템의 기술적 특성, (2) AAC 시스템의 내용, (3) AAC 시스템을 통한 교수-학습 지원, (4) 대상 학생의 AAC 시스템 활용성, (5) 촉진자의 AAC 시스템 활용성, (6) 제반 여건 지원 측면의 내용들이 제시되었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 향후 AAC 시스템의 현장 활용 가능성을 높이기 위해서는 초기 개발 과정에서 다양한 사용자의 수준과 능력을 고려한 융통성 있는 사용자 인터페이스 설계가 이루어져야 할 것이며, 현장에서의 계속적인 사용성 평가를 바탕으로 AAC 시스템의 효율성을 높일 수 있는 방안에 대한 추후 연구들이 지속되어야 할 것이다.
건축 단열재의 장기 경년변화에 따른 열전도율 변화에 관한 실험 연구 Ⅱ
최현중,정영선,김경우,강재식,이승언 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1
The objective of this study is to test for thermal conductivity of architecture insulation materials in domestic buildings with environmental condition change. In study, we measured change of thermal conductivity with test temperature change, long-time leaving and change of contained water rate. For long-time leaving test, the specimens of building insulation materials were kept in test conditions, which were influenced by the outside environment. The results of the study show 1) the contained water rate of artificial mineral fiber insulations was big for others, 2) thermal conductivity rose as test temperature(median) grew up and 3) the extruding insulations and hardened Urethane foam changed thermal conductivity with environmental condition and time elapse.
김현정,김윤영,이혜숙,현미나,남동현,김상원,안동현 韓國學校保健學會 2009 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.22 No.1
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to·find the strategies of mental health screening in school. Based on the literature review, we discuss the importance of screening students in schools for mental health problems. Methods: Data from the 2008 Korean Mental Health Screening in Schools(2008-KMHSS) are used to estimate the outline of this screening. We administered the questionnaire for satisfaction of 2008-KMHSS for students(N=1,280), parents(N=2,672), school nurses(N=75), teachers(N=685), district personnels(N=6), and mental health center staffs(N=37). Also we interviewed a part of them by telephone and e-mail. And we reviewed the tools and methods for screening students for emotional/behavioral problems. Results: Mental health screening in schools is a very important, yet worrisome, agenda that is in its very early stages. From the 2008 Korean Mental Health Screening in Schools, 9,588 students(12.9%) needed more evaluation in the first stage. Of these, 6,910(72.1%) completed the second stage screening. In this sample, 1,975(28.6%) utilized the mental health services in school or community. 38.3% of students and 43.7% of their parents notified the2008-KMHSS. But only 12.1% of students and 10.9% of their parents dissatisfied with the screening. 9.9% of teachers and 22.7% of school nurses dissatisfied with the screening. Among them the school nurses were mostly dissatisfied, and they complained work burden from KMHSS. Mental health center staffs complained similar issues. The Children's Problem-behavior Screening Questionnaire(CPSQ) and Adolescents' Mental-health & Problem-behavior Screening Questionnaire(AMPQ) were compatible to screen students in schools for mental health problems in first stage. Conclusion: Mental health screening in schools needs careful planning and implementation. For successful mental health screening in schools, several elements need to be considered: careful planning, collaboration, staff training, and integrative mental health programs and services in community or schools.
이춘식,정병윤,하태명,박현건 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 2001 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.14 No.-
This study was carried out to investigate the purification effect of wastewater included LAS by electrolysis treatment system. Wastewater included LAS treated electrolysis treatment process, temperature of inner treated system were high than those of this raw wastewater, temperature change was electrolysis oxidation of LAS wastewater both cathode and anode. Electrolysis oxidation was oxidized LAS by oxidants of chlorine and ozone, on the time, according to the result development of treated efficiency on electrolysis contact time.
유한요소 해석을 이용한 현장 콘크리트 부착강도 측정조건
김성환,정원경,권 혁,김현오,이봉학 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2002 産業技術硏究 Vol.22 No.A
The performance of old and the new concrete construction depends upon bond strength between old and the new concrete. Current adhesive and strength measurement method ignores the effect of stress concentration from shape of specimens. Therefore, this research calculates stress concentration coefficient as the ratio of drilling depth to drilling diameter(h_s/D), the ratio of overlay thickness to drilling diameter(h_o/D), the ratio of steel disk thickness to drilling diameter(t/D), the ratio of overlay elastic modulus to substrate modulus(E_l/E_0), the distance from core to corner border(L_corner) and the distance between cores(L_core) vary. The finite element method is adapted to analysis. The results from the F.E.M analysis are as follows : The stress concentration effects can be minimized when the ratio of drilling depth to drilling diameter(h_s/D) is 0.20∼0.25, the elastic modulus ratio(E_l/E_0) is 0.6~1.0, and the ratio of steel disk thickness to drilling diameter(t/D) is 3.0. The overlay thickness, the distance from specimens to corner border(L_corner), the distance between cores(L_core) almost do not affect to the stress concentration.
LMC로 보강된 철근 콘크리트 보의 부착파괴 거동에 관한 실험적 연구
이봉학,김성환,정원경,김현오 강원대학교 부설 석재복합신소재 제품연구센터 2004 석재연 논문집 Vol.9 No.-
이 논문은 동일 조건에서 양생되어진 LMC 보강 철근 콘크리트의 특성 및 보강 효과에 대하여 연구되었다. 이때 변수는 스터럽의 유무와 보강높이를 변화하여 실험을 실시하였다. 시험편돌의 처짐과 철근의 변형은 보의 중심에서 다이얼 게이지 그리고 스트레인 게이지로 측정되었다. 실험 결과는 LMC의 철근 콘크리트가 OPC의 것보다 상당히 높은 초기 균열 하중을 보여주었다. 이것은 라텍스 필림 막에 의해 수화한 시멘트와 골재의 맞물림 작용에 기인할 수 있다. 라텍스의 추가는 균열 하중을 상당히 줄일 수 있었고, 극한 강도, 철근 변형, 처짐은 일반 콘크리트의 것과 유사하게 측정되어, LMC로 압축부 및 인장부를 보강할 경우 보강효과가 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. The purpose of this study was to study the reinforced concrete beam properties of LMC with the main experimental variables such as concrete types(ordinary portland cement concrete, latex modified concrete), the use of stirrup and curing days at the same controlled environment of 60 % of relative humidity and 20 ℃ of temperature. The deflection and steel's strain for specimens were measured with a dial gauge and strain gauge at the center of beam. The test results showed that the reinforced concrete of LMC was considerably higher initial cracking load than that of OPC. This might be attributed to the interlocking of hydrated cement and aggregates by a film of latex particles, water retention due to hydrophobic, and colloidal properties of the latexes resulted in reduced water evaporation. As a result, the addition of latex would be able to reduce considerably cracking load. However, similar to ultimate strength, steel strains, and deflection of concrete than that of OPC. It may be considered that reinforcing steel affected in the concrete beam than that of concrete.
환경 및 시간경과에 따른 건축용 단열재의 열전도율 변화에 관한 실험적 연구
이승언,강재식,정영선,최현중 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.19 No.12
The objective of this research is to provide the basic experimental data for thermal insulation design standard of buildings and for test criterion. We tested the thermal conductivity of insulation materials which was the insulation materials in domestic buildings with environmental condition change and long-time elapse. In research, we measured change of thermal conductivity with change of contained water rate by weight, test temperature change and the passage of time. the specimens of insulation materials were kept in test condition, which was influenced by the outside environment during long-time elapse test. The result of the research shows 1)the contained water rate of artificial mineral fiber insulations is higher than others, 2)thermal conductivity rises as test temperature goes up, 3)the thermal conductivity of the extruding insulations and hardened Urethane foam changes with environmental condition and time elapse. As a result, the test methods and standards for thermal conductivity properties have much room for consideration.
이지운,권기정,안현숙,고광준 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2005 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.35 No.3
Metastatic tumors to the jaw bones are uncommon. The most common metastatic tumors to the jaw bones are the breast, lung and kidney. In the jaw bones, the common location of the lesions is the mandible, and the posterior area of the mandible is more commonly affected. The radiographic appearance is quite variable. In this report, a very rare case of metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma to the mandible is presented. The patient had undergone a gastrectomy 3 years ago.
20대 여성의 정장의류 상표군 선호도와 구매시 평가기준
권수애,장현주,한정혜,조소영,손지희,김선화,안경은 충북대학교 교육 ·생활연구소 생활과학연구센터 2002 생활과학연구논총 Vol.6 No.2
This study is to analyze the compitition structure and the brand image of the formalwear and the preferance of the brand group among the age of 20's females. The 207 samples of 20's females who live in Cheong-Ju city. The results of this study are followed as: The market competition structre appeared in positioning map have been constituted into four groups of the "Tomboy y'sb","lollol·selly·besti-belly","VOV·o.z.o.c·Joinus",EnC·i.n.v.u". The brand-trasfer of each group may easily be taken place as each compition among these groups was much feeble. By investigating the image of the formalwear brands appeared in positioning map, it may be presented that horizontality dimrnsion is "cute-ellegance image", and verticality dimension is "mannish-feminine image". Group Ⅳ such as EnC·i.n.v.u is brand which are prefered and purechaseed by the age of 20's females, whereas the preferance and puechase of brand such as VOV·o.z.o.c·Joinus.
Low-viscosity Resin System이 복합레진 수복물의 변연누출에 미치는 영향
백병주,김재곤,허선,김문현,양정숙 大韓小兒齒科學會 1997 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.24 No.2
The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of various low-viscosty resin systems used as rebonding agents to prevent microleakage at the margins of class I composite resin restorations. Seventy sound human premolars were selected for experiment. Class I cavities were prepared and each cavity was conditioned with a 37% phosphoric acid for 15 sec, rinsed with water for 15 sec, and dried with compressed air. Bonding agent(Scotchbond Multipurpose, 3M Co.) was applied and a hybrid composite resin(Z-100, 3M Co.) was placed using an incremental technic. The excess cured composite resin was carefully removed with Sof-Lex discs(3M Co.) to expose the original margins of the cavity. The following seven groups were established: group 1 was not rebonded and used ascontrol group; group 2 was rebonded with a Scotchbond Multipurpose(3M Co.) and finished ; group 3 was rebonded with a Fortify(BISCO) AND finished ; group 4 was rebonded with a Concise white sealant(3M Co.) and finished ; group 5 was rebonded with a Concise white sealant(3M Co.) and not finished ; group 6 was rebonded with a P&F sealant(BISCO) AND finished ; group 7 was rebonded with a P&F sealant(BISCO) and not finished. The specimens were then subjected to 500 thermocycles between 5 & 65 with a 10sec dwell time and immersed in 2% methylene blue dye solution for 24 hours and sectioned with low-speed diamond cutter into two part under water condition. The extent of microleakage at rebonded margins was evaluated microscopically and scored for dye penetration according to the following scale : 0=no dye penetration ; 1=dye penetration to half-way along axial wall between enamel surface and DEJ ; 2=dye penetration beyond halfway along axial wal between enamel surface and DEJ ; 3=dye penetration to the full depth of DEJ or beyond DEJ. Selected samples were prepared for SEM observation to determine the depth of penetration of the rebonding agent into the marginal interface. The obtained results were as follow : 1. In the group 2 and 3, which is rebonded with a Scotchbond Multipurpose and Fortify, dye penetration score were decreased significantly than that of group 1(P<0.05), but group 4 and 6 were not statistically different from group 1(P>0.05). 2. There were significant differences between group 4, 6 and group 5, 7 when compared by dye penetration score(P<0.05). 3. In the SEM observation, Scotchbond Multipurpose and Fortify were penetrated within 30-40㎛ depth of the outermost surface. However, both sealants were failed to penetrate into the debonded interface.