김정한의 〈인가지〉를 둘러싼 친일 담론 연구

정봉석(Jeong Bong seok) 동남어문학회 2016 동남어문논집 Vol.1 No.42

1943년 9월 『 춘추』에 발표된 이후 사장되었던 김정한의 희곡 〈인가지〉는 1966년 임종국의 『친일문학론』에서 처음으로 거명되고, 1989년 양승국이 엮은 『한국근대희곡작품자료집』에서 텍스트의 전문이 영인본으로 공개된다. 하지만 〈인가지〉의 친일극적 성격이 본격적으로 문단과 학계에서 공론화되어진 것은 2002년 박태일의 논문 「김정한 희곡 〈인가지〉 연구」가 발표되면서부터이다. 이 글은 〈인가지〉를 둘러싸고 전개된 친일극 논쟁을 분석하기 위하여 작품이 학계에 소환되어진 일련의 과정을 우선적으로 정리하였다. 본론에서는 〈인가지〉를 둘러싼 김정한의 부일 행적을 이른바 ‘절필 담론’과 ‘피신 담론’을 중심으로 밝히고자 하였다. 김정한은 조선어 교육이 금지되던 1940년부터 1966년 〈모래톱 이야기〉를 발표할 때까지 절필하였음을 밝혀왔다. 하지만 자전기록들과는 달리 1943년에 친일극 〈인가지〉를 발표하였고 광복기에는 좌익 계열의 소설들을 발표하였던 사실들을 비추어볼 때 그의 절필 담론이 허구였음을 확인하였다. 그리고 일제 말기에 식민지 지배기관이었던 ‘경남면포조합’에서 근무하였던 사실에서 〈인가지〉의 창작이 일제에 협력하였던 시기의 한 증좌임도 확인하였다. 피신 담론에서는 김정한이 해방 직전에 ‘불령선인’으로 지목되어 피신하였던 행적을 밝히고 있는데, 이 또한 쉽게 납득하기 어려운 지점이 있으며, 그진술의 일관성과 신빙성에도 의문이 제기되었다. 그리고 광복을 맞이하는 심경을 표현하는 대목에서도 모순적인 태도가 발견되었다. 이에 대한 분석을 통해 그동안 형성된 민족주의적 저항 이미지와 우국지사의 이미지가 사실은 김정한이 스스로를 분식한 결과였음을 밝힘과 동시에, 일제 말에는 친일로, 광복기에는 좌익으로, 정부수립 후에는 보도연맹으로 세 번의 전향을 경험하게된 경로를 확인할 수 있었다. 〈인가지〉는 김정한이 윤색하고자 하였던 일제 부역 행적의 정점에 놓여있는 상징적 표상이다. 한동안 〈인가지〉의 텍스트 독법과 해석 문제를 둘러싼 찬반 논의가 이루어졌으나 최근 발전적으로 계승되지 못하는 실정이다. 2부에서는 그 해석에 따른 쟁점들을 텍스트 분석을 통하여 비판적으로 조명하고자 한다. In September 1943, 〈Ingaji(Neighbor Story)〉 which was written by Kim, Jeong-han died out after being published in 〈Chunchu〉. In 1966, 〈Ingaji〉 was mentioned firstly in Im, Jong-Gook’s Pro-Japanese Literary Theory, and its full text was recovered through Korean Modern Drama Sourcebook edited by Yang, Seung-Gook in 1989. However, 〈Ingaji〉’s pro-Japanese play characteristics became an official issue in the literary and academic world in Park, Tae-Il’s thesis, Study in pro-Japanese play “인가지” written by Kim, Jeong-han in 2002. This writing preferentially arranged a series of process of 〈Ingaji〉 being recalled to the academic world to analyze the arguments of pro-Japanese play surrounding 〈Ingaji〉. This thesis tried to explain Kim’s trace of Japanophilism (pro-Japanese collaborationism) in 〈Ingaji〉 with two discourses: 1) giving up writing and 2) hiding from arrest. Kim, Jeong-han announced that he gave up writing from 1940 to 1966, from the time when teaching Korean was banned by Japan and to the time when he wrote 〈Moraetop(shoal) Story〉. However, his discourse of giving up writing was a false claim according to the fact that he published pro-Japanese play, 〈Ingaji〉 in 1943, and he also published left-leaning novels in contrast to his autobiographical records. Furthermore, he worked at ‘Kyoengnam Textile Union’ which was an institution of colonial exploitation in the late Japanese colonial period and it means that his creation of 〈Ingaji〉 is evidence which shows that he collaborated to Japan consistently. At the same time, Kim wrote about his trace of escaping from arrest. He explained that he was pointed out as 不逞鮮人(ふていせんじん, Huteisenjin)from Japan right before the independence of Korea which made hide from Japan. It has some less convincing explanations, however, and questions are being asked regarding the consistency and reliability. Also, his self-contradicting attitudes were found in the passage that he expresses his feelings when Korea became independent. Through the analysis, this thesis could reveal that his images of nationalistic defiance and patriotism were made-up by himself. In addition, it turned out that Kim had turned three times into the pro-Japanese collaboration in the late Japanese colonial period, the left-wing in the liberation period, and the Bodo-League after establishment of the government. Thus 〈Ingaji〉 is a symbolic representation which is at the peak of pro-Japanese behavior that Kim tried to embellish. 〈Ingaji〉’s pros and cons about the way of reading and interpretation have been debated for a while, but it couldn’t be developed and continued effectively in recent years. In part II, this thesis attempts to demonstrate issues depending on interpretations critically through the analyzing the texts.

하악과두의 인위적 병소에 대한 악관절 촬영법의 판독능 비교연구

조봉혜,정연화,정희정 大韓口腔顎顔面放射線學會 1997 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.27 No.2

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the detectability of various radiographic techniques for mandibular condylar lesions. Erowive lesion, osteophyte and flattening were formed on the artificial mandibular condyle, and panoramic, transcranial, transorbital radiography, lateral and frontal tomography were taken. The results were as follows; 1. The detectability for erosive lesions was superior in the order of frontal tomography(96%), lateral tomo-graphy (78%),transorbital(59%), transcranial(56%) and panoramic(48%)radiography. 2. The location of erosive lesion that showed the highest detectability was the medial third in panoramic, the lateral third in transcranial, the central portion of anteroposterior direction in transorbital, the central portion of mediolateral direction and the posterior third in lateral tomography. Frontal tomography disclosed all erosive lesions except one anterolateral lesion. 3. The detectability of osteophyte was 100% in lateral tomography, 78% in transcranial and 56% in panoramic radiography. 4. For flattening, lateral tomography showed the flattened condyle, but both panoramic and transcranial views showed only decreased bone density without the change of condylar shape.

원문 : 좌업 시간과 알코올 섭취가 30대 남자 사무직 근로자의 혈압과 혈관탄성에 미치는 영향

조봉오 ( Bong Oh Cho ),이인녕 ( In Yeong Lee ),정균근 ( Gyun Geun Jeong ),장창현 ( Chang Hyun Jang ) 한국운동생리학회(구 한국운동과학회) 2014 운동과학 Vol.23 No.3

조봉오, 이인녕, 정균근, 장창현. 좌업 시간과 알코올 섭취가 30대 남자 사무직 근로자의 혈압과 혈관탄성에 미치는 영향. 운동과학, 제23권 3호, 241-248, 2014. 본 연구의 목적은 일과 중 대부분을 좌업근무 형태로 업무를 수행하고, 스트레스로 인해 음주가 잦고, 운동이 부족한 30대 남자 사무직 음주자 15명을 대상으로 좌업 시간과 알코올 섭취가 혈압과 혈관탄성에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 사무직 근로자에게 건강관리에 필요한 정보를 제공하는데 있다. S대학 운동 생리학 실험실에서 사전 인적 사항과 설문을 작성하고, 신장, 체중, 채혈, 혈압, 혈관탄성, BMI를 측정하였다. 알코올 섭취 횟수, 섭취량, 좌업 시간, 그리고 음주 섭취 전과 후 및 시간대별 (10분, 40분, 60분) 혈압과 혈관탄성의 변화를 측정 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 평균 좌업시간이 9.87시간, 음주횟수 및 음주량은 월 평균 9.13회와 12.47잔 이였다. 2) 알코올 섭취횟수 및 섭취량에 따른 BMI, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, 혈압과 혈관탄성 비교에서 알코올 섭취횟수에서 좌상지 혈관탄성은 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냈다(p<.05). 3) 알코올 섭취 전, 후 비교 분석 결과 우상지와 좌상지의 혈관탄성에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다(p<.05). 4) 알코올 섭취 후 시간대별 우상지 혈관탄성은 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냈다(p<.05). 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 좌업 시간이 혈압과 혈관탄성에 미치는 영향은 통계적으로 유의하게 나타나지 않았고, 알코올 섭취는 혈관탄성에 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 이는 직장생활의 스트레스를 음주로 해소하는 경향이 있음을 보여주며 건강에 부정적인 영향을 주고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 신체가 음주에 적응되어 실험 시 섭취한 적은 양(1/2병)은 1회 12.47잔에 비해 혈압과 혈관탄성에 큰 영향을 미치지 못한 것으로 사료된다. Cho, Bong-Oh, Lee, In-Yeong, Jeong, Gyun-Geun, Jang, Chang-Hyun. Effects of Sedentary Occupation Time and Alcohol Intake on Blood Pressure and Vascular Compliance in 30s Male White-Collar Workers. Exercise Science, 23(3): 241-248. 2014. The purpose of this study was to examine effects of duration of sedentary office work and alcohol intake on blood pressure and vascular compliance in male subjects who were office workers aged between 30 to 39 and frequently drink alcoholic beverages to cope with their stress without exercising for health. The study was to provide health-related information necessary for white-collar workers. We collected data of demographic information, height, weight, blood sample, blood pressure, vascular compliance, and BMI from 15 subjects in S University`s Exercise Physiology Laboratory, and analyzed the frequency and amount of alcohol intake, duration of sedentary work, and changes in blood pressure and vascular compliance at diffident time points (10, 40, and 60 minutes post drinking) from baseline. I t was found that the average time of sedentary work was 9.87 hours, drinking 9.13 times a month on average, 12.47 glasses of alcohol beverages per drink. In comparison of BMI, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, blood pressure and vascular compliance upon the frequency and amount of alcohol intake, the upper left limb`s vascular compliance had a statistically significant difference (p<.05). In the result of the comparative analysis of pre-and post-drinking, vascular compliance was significantly different in the upper right and left limbs (p<.05). Vascular compliance in the upper right limb after drinking significantly changed (p<.05). As a result, the duration of sedentary work had no statistically significant difference in blood pressure and vascular compliance. T he vascular compliance after drinking h ad a statistically significant difference. This suggested that the result was an index that shows the trend of the office workers releasing their work stress by drinking alcoholic beverages, and that drinking had negative impacts on them. In addition, a small amount of intake (a half bottle) at the test time, after the body was adjusted to drinking, compared with 12.47 glasses per intake, had no great impacts on blood pressure and vascular compliance.

컴퓨터 법에 있어서의 책임에 관한 연구

鄭鎭世,鄭在晃,方碩皓,河泰勳,李成德,崔鳳哲 홍익대학교 1995 弘大論叢 Vol.27 No.-

This paper, coauthored by Chin-Se Chung, as well as other 5 faculty members at Hong-Ik University Department of Law (Jea-Hwang Jeong, Suk-Ho Bang, Tae-Hoon Ha, Seong-Deog Yi and Bong-Chul Choi), deals with liability issuses surrounding constitutional law, administrative law, civil law (contracts, torts), commercial law, criminal law, international law and philosophy & law. Professor of Law Jea-Hwang Jeong makes a comparative analysis of privacy protection and disclosure of information legal issues, appeared at current Korean law and draft of law in case of the latter one. He suggestes some desirable ways of legislation through revision process and operation of legal rules at his paper. Professor of Law Suk-Ho Bang makes a brief survey of civil liability issues arising out of contracts and torts in English and American law, first. He tries to show that many Parts of arguments in such legal world are attributed to Statute of Frauds tradition, unique to such legal world. New developments in the area of torts, including computer malpractice and computer virus, are shown and analysed in terms of application possibility under our current law. But, as even the Anglo-American courts are found very reluctant to accept those arguments as new grounds for torts liability, it seems more plausible and practicable to refer to contractual approach, basically, rather than to torts approach even under English American law. Professor of Law Chin-Se Chung suggests in his paper on EFT that the allocation of liability under EFT be made under the new and most relevant principle, working for useful transmission way of fund, not solely under traditional legal principles. If such new principle works with high return of risk to users, it makes imminent problems against the goats of consumer protection, and eventually will be hardly refered to. Conversely, if it requires too much sacrifice from the side of banks, then the convenience in such system will not be utilized. So, it may be natural that EFT be discarded even without proper functioning under market system. In conclusion, Professor Chung points out that, only when banks fond that the economy out of cost-saving at tasks outweighs the risk undertaken by the banks, the banks will operate the system. But, if this system makes more return of benefits to the banks with the burden of users, it is against the idea of equity. Consequently, the banks should bear the aggeviated risks in return for the cost saved under this system Professor of Law Tae-Hoon Ha focuses his research paper on criminal liability under EFT. He draws his conclusion out of current criminal statutes that illegal fund transfer under automatic teller machines, cash cards and information system can not be penalized due to lack of proper statutory provision. So, the criminal provision on computer crime, newly made on December of 1995, can be positively appreciated. But, he anticipates that the question whether such new provision will be successful in regulating all illegal activites at fund transfor system without any operation defects in criminal code, or will cause new problem in interpretation of criminal code remains unsolved. Professor of Law Seong-Deog Yi examines the international legal issues which may be given rise to by direct satellite broadcasting. In his paper, the issue of national jurisdiction in relation to direct satellite broadcasting is firstly dealt with. Secondly, the possible ways in which direct satellite broadcasting is regulated by international law are examined with special emphasis of two different approaches, that is, freedom of information approach and state sovereignty approach. In this context, many international conventions concerning direct satellite broadcasting in Particular, and international regulatory regime of outer space in general are broadly reviewed. Thirdly, the types of activities which may be a violation of international legal regime of direct satellite broadcasting are suggested and the possible lethal remedies for these violations are proposed with the traditional international state responsibility law in mind. Professor of Law Bong-Chul Choi explores the relations of computerized society to its laws throughout his paper as a kind of conclusion of this whole paper. Computerized society is one that the technical, scientific, informational knowledge prevails. With correspondence to the structural change in knowledge, the law of such a society has suffered transformation, and the knowledge and techniques distributing and computing legal responsibility has also changed. However, he does not insist that the diffusion of technical knowledge is the sole factor of the transformation of legal responsibility. It is only one of the various factors. Moreover, he does not deny the continuation between the classical techniques distributing legal responsibility and the contemporary ones. In this era, the law realizes fairness and community values at the expense of singularities. In addition, he proposes that legal scholars take the diagnosis of law from the perspective of the technology/knowledge shifts seriously.

흰쥐중심편도체핵에서 Neurotensin 면역양성세포의 다리옆핵으로의 투사

박인식,최정화,박봉수,백선용,김봉선,김재봉,김진정 대한해부학회 1996 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.29 No.2

뇌하수체 종양 제거술 시행 후 뒤늦게 발생한 횡문근 융해증과 동반된 중추성 열

장제혁,최규남,김일환,노은지,김윤정,유충헌,고정해,박봉수,김태균,권민정,이순희,박정현 인제대학교 2008 仁濟醫學 Vol.29 No.-

Body temperature is controlled by thermoregulatory center of the hypothalamus. We report a case of 24 years old man with central fever. He was subjected to a partial excision of pituitary tumor compressing optic chiasm four years ago. He has received hormonal therapy for panhypothyroidism after removal of pituitary tumor. And He received gamma knife operation for partially contrast-enhancing masses in suprasellar and both hypothalamic areas that is probably postoperatively remnant or recurrent tumor of pituitary adenoma. One year after gamma knife operation, he presented with a febrile syndrome of unknown origin including rhabdomyolysis. All usual investigations proved negative. We diagnosed him as central fever with rhabdomyolysis. He received medical ICU care with cooling bed, ice pack. And his symptom improved. Postoperative hyperthermia may result following resection of the pituitary tumor. When central fever is suspected taking note of past history, a quick recognition of course of fever can help reduce the using of unnecessary antibiotics and hospital stay.

중년기의 스포츠 체력특성에 관한 연구

鄭升溶,崔淙洙,李鍾珏,金昌範,長鳳愚 忠北大學校 平生體育硏究所 1990 平生體育硏究所 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

The study aims to have cognizance of middle-aged mental and physiological properties by means of presenting the feature of physical strength, and to make middle-aged people try to prevent symptoms of senility and live a healthy and beneficial life for the rest of their days by means of showing a program of physical exercise suitable for middle-aged people. According to the middle-aged feature of physical strength, the decline of physical strength and physilogical function was remarkable. Individual variation in physical strength was wide and bodily organization was likely to get damaged easily as one attains an advanced age. Middle-aged people was slower in revovering and blood pressure was higher than young one after the same physical exercise. In conclusion, middle-aged people must build up his physical strength and try to prevent symptoms of senility through light physical exercises rather than heavy ones.

요한요소법과 LMA-GA 혼합법을 이용한 거대 강산란체의 역산란

정봉식 동아대학교 공과대학부설 생산기술연구소 1998 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.2

An iterative inverse scattering method(IISM) for reconstructing the permittivity of two dimensional high contrast and large object is presented. This method uses the finite element method(FEM) for calculating the scattering fields and the hybrid method for minimizing the cost function. The FEM calculates the scattered fields faster than the method of moment(MM). The hybrid method(HLMGA) is composed of a Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm(LMA) and a genetic algorithm(GA). Numerical results show that the IISM based on the HLMGA and GA can always reconstruct all the permittivity profiles of a high contrast and large object, in contrast the IISM based on the LMA often converges to the local minima of the cost function. The HLMGA gives better permittivity profiles and faster convergence than the GA. When the noise is presented in the scattering fields, the characteristics of the cost function show that multiple incident waves are needed for the stable inversion. Also both LMA and a prior knowledge of background medium for a fast convergence are used. The permittivity profile converged to local minima by LMA is modified by substituting the background profile into a known background medium, then this modified profile as an initial one in order to get out of a local minima of cost function is used.

H₂O₂에 의한 Tight Junction Protein Occludin의 변화

정봉수 외 중앙대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2006 中央醫大誌 Vol.31 No.1·2·3

Cerebral microvessel endothelial cells that form blood-brain barrier (BBB) have tight junction for maintaining brain homeostasis. Occludin, one of tight junction proteins, is crucial for BBB function. H₂O₂-induced occludin changes and its effects on bovine brain BBB endothelial cells were examined in this study. The decrease of transelectrical endothelial resistance (TEER) by H₂O₂ was due to occludin redistribution. Occludin disappeared in a dose dependent manner from intercellular junction in immunofluorescent study. But the total amounts of occludin and cell membrane bound occludin did not changed by H₂O₂. These showed that the loss of function of BBB was not due to the decrease of occludin or the internalization of occludin into cytoplasm. Occludin was limited within cell membrane of endothelial cell and H₂O₂ caused the redistribution of occludin within cell membrane. These data strongly suggest that H₂O₂-mediated loss of BBB function involves the loss of tight junction integrity through occludin redistribution.

주변성 거대세포 육아종의 증례보고

정연화,조봉혜,나경수,김성수 大韓口腔顎顔面放射線學會 1997 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.27 No.2

The authors experienced one case of peripheral giant cell granuloma occurred at the gingiva of right maxillary molar in a 12-year-old male patient. The lesion showed amorphous calcification within soft tissue mass which made difficult to differentiate this lesion from peripheral ossifying fibroma and peripheral odontogenic fibroma clinically and radiographically. The final diagnosis was made histologically.