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장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4
Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.
질병의 활동도 지표로써 머리카락 중 미량의 구리와 아연의 분석
정한성,최범석 慶熙大學校 材料科學技術硏究所 1997 材料科學技術硏究論集 Vol.10 No.-
The copper and zinc in scalp hair are determined by the ICP-AES and the relations between the trace elements concentrations with disease activity for the rheumatoid arthritis are investigated. The concentrations of the metals are varied depending upon the distance from the skin. The concentrations at the distal are higher than that of the proximal. Zinc concentration of the rheumatoid arthritis patients is higher than that of the osteroarthritis ones, and the confidence level that the group are different lies 95-99%. However, copper concentration for rheumatoid arthritis patients is lower and the two groups are different with a 50-80% confidence level.
정석찬,한태창,서범수,조장혁,주경준 한국경영과학회 1998 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.1
CITIS(Contractor Integrated Technical Information Service) is a contractor's developed service to provide electronic access and/or delivery of contractually required information. CITIS satisfies one of the major CALS objectives to furnish a single-entry point for authorized access to contractor-generated Contract Data Requirement List(CDRL) data. A critical requirement for the practical implementation of the CITIS concept is the ability to access multiple existing heterogeneous databases in a fashion transparent to the CITIS user. In this paper, we will propose a prototype system model for CITIS, and discuss the system architecture of proposed CITIS system as a global information management system for distributed and heterogeneous local information systems. Furthermore, we will discuss about the required server module and using-scenario of proposed CITIS system.
정한철,곽철호,김정범 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2002 정보통신논문지 Vol.6 No.-
Error control is one of major concerns in many computer systems. Experience shows that most malfunctions during system operation are caused by transient faults, which often mean abnormal signal delays that may result in violations of circuit element timing constraints. This paper presents a novel CMOS-based concurrent timing error detector that makes a flip-flop (or other timing-sensitive circuit element) to sense and then signal whether its data has been potentially corrupted or not by a setup or hold timing violation. Designed circuit performs a quiescent supply current evaluation to determine timing violation from the input changes in relation to a clock edge. If the input is too close to the clock time, the resulting switching transient current in the detection circuit exceeds a reference threshold at the instant of the clock transition and an error is flagged. The simulation results in this paper shows that designed circuit can be used to detect setup and hold time violations effectively in clocked circuit element.
PFA / Silica 유-무기 복합체의 제조 및 표면특성
범정철,하종욱,박인준,이수복 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.1
Poly(perfluoroalkyl acrylate)(PFA) / silica composites having different silica size were prepared by surface polymerization. In this study, surface characterizations of PFA/silica composites were done by HR-TEM(High Resolution Transmission Microscopy), contact angle measurement, sliding angle measurement, surface roughness measurement, and the relationships between the sliding angle and the contact angle were investigated. In the highly hydrophobic region, the sliding angles of water droplets decreased with increasing contact angle. Their surface free energies were calculated with contact angle data by geometric mean approximation. The composites with super water repellent and sliding could be obtained with contact angle of above 150。and sliding angle of below 10。to water droplets. The ultimate value of surface free energies of the composites reached below ca. ldyn/cm.
이정범,민영기,양훈모 순천향대학교 교수학습개발센터 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.3
발한 기능에 대해 연구하기 위하여 아세티콜린 (acetylcholine, Ach) 이온 투과법에 의해 축색 반사성을 자극하는 정량적 축삭 반사성 발한 검사법 (quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test, QSART)을 발한 반응을 검토하였다. 용적 습도계 QSART를 이용해 Ach 10% 이온 투과법 (2 mA ×5 min)을 하는 동안 직접적으로 활성화된 (directly activated, DiR)땀과 축색 반사성에 (axon reflex, AXR) 의해 땀의 양을 측정했다. 발한 시작점(onset-time)시간, 무스카린 수용체(muscarine receptor)의 직접적인 영향에 의한 땀의 양 그리고 축색 반사성에 의해 매개되는 니코틴 수용체 (nicotine receptor)에 의해 간접적으로 발생되는 (AXR(1) and AXR(2)) 발한 양에 대해 연구하였다. 발한 시작점에 있어서 왼쪽과 오른쪽에서의 상관관계가 높은 것으로 나타났다. (p<0.01). 직접적인 니코틴 수용체의 활동의 자극으로 유도된 발한의 양에 있어서 왼쪽과 오른쪽에서의 상관관계가 높은 것으로 나타났다. (P<0.01). 간접적인 니코틴 수용체의 활동의 자극으로 유도된 발한의 양에 있어서 왼쪽과 오른쪽에서의 상관관계가 높은 것으로 나타났다. (P<0.01). 이 같은 실험결과로 볼 때 말초적 발한 검사에 간단한 방법으로 사료되며 임상의 신경분야등에 유용하게 사용될 것으로 판단된다.
이정범,민영기,양훈모 순천향대학교 교수학습개발센터 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.3
To examine the sweating function in atopic dermatitis, we investigated the sweating response of the lesional and nonlesional skin of adult patients with atopic dermatitis by a quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test (QSART) in which the axon reflex is stimulated by acetylcholine (ACh) iontophoresis. Directly activated(DIR) and axon reflex (AXR)-mediated sweating during ACh10% iontophoresis (2 mA × 5 min) were measured by capacitance hygrometer QSART. Sweat volume on the volar aspect of the orearm was measured in 23 adult patients with atopic dermatitis and in 65 nonatopic healthy controls. In the atopic patients, all measurements were performed on both lesional and nonlesional skin. Onset-time time, directs of muscarine receptor (DIR) sweat volume, and axon reflex-mediated indirect of nicotine receptor (AXR(1) and AXR(2)) sweat volume were the variables studied. The results showed that onset- time of axon reflex in atopic dermatitis patients was significantly prolonged and AXR(1) and AXR(2) significantly reduced compared with those in nonatopic healthy contrl subjects. The onset-time and AXR(1) and AXR(2) sweat volume of the atopic dermatitis lesional skin were signficsantly more prolonged and reduced, respectively, than shose of the nonlesional skin. Also, the DIR sweat volume of the lesional or nonlesional atopic dermatitis skin induced by direct stimulation with ACh was reduced when compared with that in nonatopic healthy controls.
이정범,민영기,양훈모 순천향대학교 교수학습개발센터 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.3
In this study, we examined expression of heat shock protein IL-iβ in human leukocytes and hematological variables after moderate-to-heavy exercise. We also compared baseline levels and recovery levels (30min after exercise) of IL-1β in trained(long-distance runner; EXE, n=10) with untrained (CON, n=10) subjects. Subjects ran on a treadmill for 1hr at 70% of HRR (heart rate reserve). Blood were taken at rest and after exercise, and recovery of 30 minutes. All values are presented as means±SD. Statistical significance was assessed by two-way ANOVA with repeated measurement and by independent t-test, post hoc test was administrated by SNK. The results were as follows: Baseline IL-1β levels in EXE were significantly lower than CON. Although the ratio of IL-1β increment during exercise and recovery was similar in both groups, but amounts of increment were different between groups. We conclude that 1 hr treadmill running at 70% HRR intensity (moderate-to-heavy) is a sufficient stimulate of leukocytosis, neutrocytosis and lymphocytosis on both groups. But. EXP that might be a chronic adaptation to training denoted slight increases than CON.
이정범,민영기,양훈모 순천향대학교 교수학습개발센터 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.3
Pika의 형태학상 특징과 열조절 기능은 추위와 높은 고도 환경에 생태학적으로 적응한 결과라 생각된다. 최근 보고에서 heat shock protein 70 kDa (HSP70)가 열이 열관용에 관계함으로써 유도된다고 하였다. 그래서 이번 연구에서는 세포, 심장혈관 그리고 열 생리학적 관점에서 pika의 몇 가지 특징을 조사하였다. Pika와 rat의 몸 전체에 heat shock을 준 후 HSP의 유도를 10% SDS-PAGE로 확인하였다. Rat에서는 HSP70이 확실하게 유도되었으나, pika의 liver protein에서는 HSP70의 변화를 heat shock 후에 10% SDS-PAGE로 관찰하기 어려웠다. Pika의 HSP 유도의 부족은 높은 온도의 환경의 적응에 있어 단점으로 작용하는 것으로 생각된다.