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Suicidal Ideation of the Elderly According to Their Involvement in Grandchild Care
Jeewon Lee,Areum Lee,Doeun Lee,Han-Young Jung,Shin-gyeom Kim,Soyoung Irene Lee 대한신경정신의학회 2019 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.16 No.8
The purpose of the present study was to examine the severity of suicidal ideation of the older adults according to the amount of involvement in grandchild care. Data for this research were drawn from a cross-sectional study conducted on community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older. The 922 participants were divided into three groups according to their involvement in grandchild care: 18.5% had provided daily care, 12.4% had provided occasional care, and 69.1% had never cared for their grandchildren. ANCOVA analysis showed that the scores for depression was significantly lower in the group which took care of their grandchildren occasionally compared to the other two groups. The scores for suicidal ideation was significantly higher in the group which had never taken care of their grandchildren compared to the other two groups. Current study suggests that grandparenting may have a positive effect on suicidal ideation of the older adults.
Jeewon Kim,Sook-Hee Kim,Haymie Choi 한국영양학회 2008 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.2 No.2
Beneficial effects of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplement on age-associated chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance and diabetes, have been reported. However, its mechanism of action in hepatocellular carcinoma in vivo has not been investigated in detail. We have previously shown that during hepatocellular carcinogenesis, DHEA treatment decreases formation of preneoplastic glutathione S-transferase placental form-positive foci in the liver and has antioxidant effects. Here we aimed to determine the mechanism of actions of DHEA, in comparison to vitamin E, in a chemically-induced hepatocellular carcinoma model in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were administered with control diet without a carcinogen, diets with 1.5% vitamin E, 0.5% DHEA and both of the compounds with a carcinogen for 6 weeks. The doses were previously reported to have anti-cancer effects in animals without known toxicities. With DHEA treatment, cytosolic malate dehydrogenase activities were significantly increased by ~5 fold and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities were decreased by ~25% compared to carcinogen treated group. Activities of Se-glutathione peroxidase in the cytotol was decreased significantly with DHEA treatment, confirming its antioxidative effect. However, liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 content and NADPH-dependent cytochrome P-450 reductase activities were not altered with DHEA treatment. Vitamin E treatment decreased cytosolic Se-glutathione peroxidase activities in accordance with our previous reports. However, vitamin E did not alter glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase or malate dehydrogenase activities. Our results suggest that DHEA may have decreased tumor nodule formation and reduced lipid peroxidation as previously reported, possibly by increasing the production of NADPH, a reducing equivalent for NADPH-dependent antioxidant enzymes. DHEA treatment tended to reduce glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities, which may have resulted in limited supply for de novo synthesis of DNA via inhibiting the hexose monophophaste pathway. Although both DHEA and vitamin E effectively reduced preneoplastic foci in this model, they seemed to function in different mechanisms. In conclusion, DHEA may be used to reduce hepatocellular carcinoma growth by targeting NADPH synthesis, cell proliferation and anti-oxidant enzyme activities during tumor growth.
Probability of Price Crashes, Rational Speculative Bubbles, and the Cross-Section of Stock Returns
Jeewon Jang,Jankoo Kang 한국재무학회 2016 한국재무학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.11
A recent paper by Conrad, Kapadia, and Xing (2014) shows that stocks with high probability for extreme positive payoffs (jackpots) earn low returns subsequently. We find that stocks with high probability for extreme negative returns (crashes) earn abnormally low average returns, and that the cross-sectional return predictability of crash probability subsumes completely the jackpot effect. The most distinctive features of the crash effect we find are that the underperformance of stocks with high crash probability is clear regardless of the stocks’ institutional ownership, and it is not associated with variations in investor sentiment. We also find that institutional demand for stocks with high crash probability increases until their prices arrive at the peak of overvaluation. Our evidence contradicts the presumption that sophisticated investors are always willing to trade against mispricing, and suggests that the crash effect we find may arise partially from rational speculative bubbles, not entirely from sentiment-driven overpricing.
A Design of Smartphone Dialog Message Considering Interruption Process by Age
Jeewon Choi,Minyong Park 대한인간공학회 2016 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.11
Objective: Evaluation of smartphone dialog messages in interruption process according to user ages. Background: The domain for user interruption has been extended due to the rapid popularization of smartphone, which contains manifold function. The system dialog message, one of the interruption, could be a disruptive form affecting primary tasks, as it may often comprise IT jargons which appear to be linguistically complex, especially for the elderly. Method: Using 24 subjects, various experiments were conducted to inspect the effects of two age groups (twenties and sixties), three interruption stages (Primary task, Interruption task, Resumption), and four message types (quantity of jargon, length of message) on task performance time, comprehension rate, and subjective workloads. Results: The results yielded that the task performance time of sixties was significantly slower than that of twenties. The correlation analysis for the task performance time of sixties demonstrated that interruption task was significantly correlated with resumption. The result of sixties indicated relatively higher subjective workload on the messages of many jargons. Conclusion: This study suggested optimal guidelines to design system dialog messages for aged user group. Application: The results of this study could be utilized to construct user centered dialog message, which is widely needed not only for smartphone but for overall IT gadgets.