http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Wadu Mesthrige Jayantha, Sivaguru Ganesan, Stephen Siu Yu Lau, Kwok Chun Wong. Chau Kwong Wing 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2006 International journal of urban sciences (IJUS) Vol. No.
This paper presents new empirical evidence about the determinants of space per employee in office sector firms in Hong Kong. The paper hypothesises that usage of technological equipment and facilities lead to increase the space per employee ratio, apart from other factors identified in literature. The above hypothesis was tested through a regression model and an ANOVA analysis based on a sample survey of FIRE and business service sector firms in Hong Kong. The growth in the use of technological equipment and facilities exert a strong positive influence on space usage per employee. In Hong Kong, significant differences in the floor space per employee ratio are seen across different firms: financial and business service sector firms use relatively larger amounts of floor-space per employee compared to all other sub sectors. The overall explanatory power of the regression model was somewhat limited; this indicates that factors related to business organisation and work patterns, land supply and building densities, construction productivity and cost, and other location related factors, should also be studied in order to understand overall trends in space usage per employee.
Growth of Service Firms and Its Impact on Office Location : The Case of Hong Kong
Wadu Mesthrige Jayantha, Lau Stephen Siu Yu 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2007 International journal of urban sciences (IJUS) Vol. No.
Changes in locations of FIRE and business services firms in Hong Kong during 1980-2000 could be characterized by trends of both centralization and decentralization. A heavy concentration of finance firms in the CBD is highly significant, implying the presence of strong forces promoting the spatial concentration of the finance firms. Insurance and business service firms tend to locate mainly in areas adjoining the CBD in order to enjoy the externalities or support services, which CBD offers. Volatility in rents has also provided opportunities for firms to relocate within the CBD at lower cost. In contrast, real estate firms tend to decentralize away from Hong Kong Island due to cheaper rents. The important finding of the sample survey analysis is that non-traditional factors such as office buildings with IT facilities have emerged as dominant factors determining choice of location. For instance, during the survey period, finance firms considered office buildings with IT facilities as the most important factor, while business service firms considered sufficient floor-space as the second most important factor after rent in choosing the present location.
Wadu Mesthrige Jayantha, Lau, Stephen Siu Yu, K.W. Chau., Sivaguru Ganesan 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2007 International journal of urban sciences (IJUS) Vol. No.
The study uses a sample of FIRB sector firms in Hong Kong to examine some aspects of firm dynamics and characteristics. The most important finding from the model is that usage of information technology (IT) is one of the key factors that explain the variation of growth of modern firms. It also finds that firm size is an important determinant of firm growth: the smaller the firm size, the greater the firm growth. Gilbrat’s Law therefore fails, and this finding is consistent with pioneering works of Evans (1987) and Hall (1987). Indicating a close relationship between the usage of IT and the increasing trend of knowledge-based employees in firms, it is also found that skilled employees exert a relatively positive influence on the growth of firm. This finding may be indicative of the situation where new working practices such as team working is practiced, where group space is important rather than permanent territorial offices, where groups of skilled professionals can work together with relatively efficient space usage. Results, however, confirm that location of the firm does not play an important role for the growth.
Growth of Advanced Service Firms and Usage of Quality Office Space : The Case of Hong Kong
Wadu Mesthrige Jayantha, Lau. Stephen Siu Yu, Sivaguru Ganesan, Kwok Chun Wong, Chau Kwong Wing 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2007 International journal of urban sciences (IJUS) Vol. No.
This paper examines the impact of the expanding service sector in Hong Kong upon the increasing quality of office space demanded. Two measures are used to represent quality: increased usage of IT facilities in offices; and increased space per employee. The main result is that there is a significant correlation between growth of the service sector, as represented by the FIRB sector, and demand for better quality space. However, not all of the firms in the FIRB sector use/demand high quality space. The finance, business services and technology firms in Hong Kong have invested relatively heavily in IT facilities, and have also gained a higher growth relative to those with less investment in IT. Insurance and real estate firms use relatively less IT facilities. Growth of the service sector has also influenced the space usage pattern in Hong Kong. The causality analysis shows that provision of higher quality office space attracts new users.
The effect of urban redevelopment on retail shopping property values: a case study in Hong Kong
Wadu Mesthrige Jayantha,Chu Chun Ming 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2015 도시과학국제저널 Vol.19 No.3
Purpose – Redevelopment, an essential aspect of the urban regeneration process, brings positive externalities to neighbourhoods. This study evaluates the effect of the improvements of neighbourhoods, brought about by redevelopment, on nearby ground-floor retail shopping property values. This study uses a hedonic price model to determine whether there is a relationship between redevelopment work and nearby shopping property values and the influence of neighbourhood improvements on the price of shopping properties if there is such relationship. The analysis is based on three large-scale redevelopment projects, each having a commercial space ranging from 30,000 to 50,000 sq.ft. The results show that an improved neighbourhood environment brings significant value enhancement to nearby shopping properties. Potential tenants are willing to pay a sale rental price premium ranging from 13% to 34% on shops located near redeveloped areas. The results also reveal that potential shop tenants are willing to pay a premium of 0.1% more on a shop with a cockloft. These findings imply that a neighbourhood environment that has been improved through well-planned redevelopment projects adds value to nearby properties. This study contributes an indication of the amount a tenant or buyer would be willing to pay on shops near redeveloped areas and can be used as a reference for users, developers and investors.
Causality Relationship between Housing Prices and Construction Costs
Wadu Mesthrige Jayantha,Stephen S.Y. Lau 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2008 도시과학국제저널 Vol.12 No.2
The present study hypothesizes that the relationship between housing prices and construction costs is a dynamic long-term relationship. Results from an error correction model (ECM) and a standard causality model support the hypothesis that it is a lead-lag relationship. Results also suggest that construction costs do not lead to changes in housing prices, instead housing prices lead to changes in construction costs. The ECM result also suggests that the Hong Kong housing market is efficient because deviations between construction costs and housing prices disappear in the long-term equilibrium. If there is a short-run housing price shock, it is able to make quick adjustments and return to the long-term equilibrium level. This finding provides new insight into the housing market analysis, especially with respect to the supply side.
Enhanced Thermal Performance of Absorption Chillers Fired by Multiple Dynamic Heat Sources
Saliya Jayasekara,Jayantha Siriwardana,Saman Halgamuge 한국정밀공학회 2012 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.
The main concept of combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) generation systems, which produce three energy commodities simultaneously, is based on using absorption chillers fired by the waste heat from the engine instead of electricity for air conditioning or for any other cooling purpose where electricity could have been used. Proper selection and design of the heat recovery system plays an important and challenging role in achieving this goal. Minimum exergy destruction in the waste heat recovery process increases the thermal performance. This paper introduces the modulating flow cascade heat recovery system (CHRS) to improve the coefficient of performance (COP) of the absorption chiller at part load engine operation. Due to this novel feature, it is possible to obtain a percentage increase of over 13% in COP at 50%engine load compared to the conventional fixed flow waste heat recovery.
( Ka Ying Bonnie Ng ),( Jayantha Arnold ),( Mahiben Maruthappu ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Over half of the UK population holds a drivers licence. Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA) guidelines are available for conditions from most specialities. Despite this, no focused training is offered to doctors. We sought to evaluate doctors` knowledge of DVLA guidelines and determine the impact of implementing a teaching programme to improve guideline awareness. Methods: A 25-point questionnaire was designed directly from DVLA guidelines. five questions were included for each of the following fi ve fi elds: neurology, cardiology, drug and alcohol abuse, visual disorders, and respiratory disorders. This was distributed to a random sample of thirty doctors in a District General Hospital. Two weeks later a single session teaching programme was implemented. The questionnaire was redistributed. Pre- and post-intervention scores were compared using a paired, two tailed, T-test. Results: The mean scores before the teaching programme were: neurology (26.0%), cardiology (38.0%), drug and alcohol abuse (26.7%), visual disorders (29.3%) and respiratory disorders (18.0%); overall score (27.6%). Implementation of a single session teaching programme signifi cantly improved knowledge of DVLA guidelines, when measured using our questionnaire (two-tailed paired T-test, P<0.005). Post-intervention scores were: neurology (96.7%, P=0.0002), cardiology (94.6%, P=0.0043), drug and alcohol abuse (95.3%, P=0.0006), visual disorders (94.0%, P=0.0025) and respiratory disorders (98.7%, P<0.0001); overall score (95.7%, P<0.0001). Conclusions: Knowledge of DVLA guidelines in our cohort was low, particularly with respect to respiratory conditions. Implementation of a single session teaching programme can signifi cantly and successfully improve knowledge, serving as a cost-effective intervention.
A Fuzzy-Logic Controller for an Electrically Driven Steering System for a Motorcar
Sang-Heon Lee,Il-Soo Kim,Jayantha Katupitiya 대한기계학회 2002 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.16 No.8
This paper presents an application where a Fuzzy-Logic Controller (FLC) is used at a supervisory level to implement mutual coordination of the steering of the two front wheels of a motorcar. The two front wheels are steered by two independent discrete time state feedback controllers with a view to optimize the steering slip angles. The functions of the two controllers are tied together by way of a FLC. Because of the presence of unmodelled dynamics and disturbances acting on the two sides, it is difficult to achieve the desired performance using conventional control systems. This is the primary reason that FLC is emploged to solve the problem. The results show that the implemented system achieved desired coupling between the two independent systems and thereby reduces the difference between the two steered angles.<br/>
The Effects of Urban Redevelopment on Neighbourhood Housing Prices
Chiu On Ki,Wadu Mesthrige Jayantha 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2010 도시과학국제저널 Vol.14 No.3
The topic of neighbourhood improvement is central to residential appraisal. The study empirically investigates how the redevelopment affects the housing values in the vicinity. Using price gradient approach based on hedonic pricing model, we study the effects of an urban redevelopment project on housing property prices during the pre-redevelopment stage, construction stage and post-redevelopment stage. The results show that there were significant increases in property prices between before implementation and after completion of the redevelopment project. Property value enhancements well ahead of the actual project completion are also observed. It suggests that redevelopment has brought overall improvements to the surrounding properties and the expectation of these advantages was taken into consideration in the pricing of the properties during the construction phase. In addition, the changes in housing price gradients reveal that the effects of redevelopment varied with proximity between the properties and the redeveloped site. Properties which have the closest proximity with the redevelopment are found to have experienced greater increase in price after redevelopment but less extent of price rise during construction. It is important for urban planners to carefully consider the externalities of redevelopment received by properties in different locations, in order to maximize the positive impacts of redevelopment on the neighbourhood.