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Jansson, K.,Warringer, J.,Farewell, A.,Park, H.O.,Hoe, K.L.,Kim, D.U.,Hayles, J.,Sunnerhagen, P. Elsevier 2008 Mutation research Vol.644 No.1
The DNA glycosylase MutY is strongly conserved in evolution, and homologs are found in most eukaryotes and prokaryotes examined. This protein is implicated in repair of oxidative DNA damage, in particular adenine mispaired opposite 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine. Previous investigations in Escherichia coli, fission yeast, and mammalian cells show an association of mutations in MutY homologs with a mutator phenotype and carcinogenesis. Eukaryotic MutY homologs physically associate with several proteins with a role in replication, DNA repair, and checkpoint signaling, specifically the trimeric 9-1-1 complex. In a genetic investigation of the fission yeast MutY homolog, myh1<SUP>+</SUP>, we show that the myh1 mutation confers a moderately increased UV sensitivity alone and in combination with mutations in several DNA repair genes. The myh1 rad1, and to a lesser degree myh1 rad9, double mutants display a synthetic interaction resulting in enhanced sensitivity to DNA damaging agents and hydroxyurea. UV irradiation of myh1 rad1 double mutants results in severe chromosome segregation defects and visible DNA fragmentation, and a failure to activate the checkpoint. Additionally, myh1 rad1 double mutants exhibit morphological defects in the absence of DNA damaging agents. We also found a moderate suppression of the slow growth and UV sensitivity of rhp51 mutants by the myh1 mutation. Our results implicate fission yeast Myh1 in repair of a wider range of DNA damage than previously thought, and functionally link it to the checkpoint pathway.
J. Jansson,J. Olofsson,K. Salomonsson 한국CDE학회 2020 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.7 No.1
This paper presents a methodology that can be used to consider local variations in thermomechanical and thermophysical material properties, residual stresses, and strength-differential effects in finite element analyses of cast components. The methodology is based on applying process simulations and structural analyses together with experimentally established, or already available literature data, in order to describe element-specific material variations. A cast-iron cylinder head was used in order to evaluate the influence of several simplifications that are commonly performed in computer aided engineering. It is shown that non-trivial errors of a potentially large magnitude are introduced by not considering residual stresses, compressive behaviour, temperature dependence, and process-induced material property variations. By providing design engineers with tools that allow them to consider the complex relationships between these aspects early in the development phase, cast components have the potential to be further optimized with respect to both weight and performance.
Lee, Jae Kyoo,Jansson, Erik T.,Nam, Hong Gil,Zare, Richard N. American Chemical Society 2016 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - Vol.88 No.10
<P>We have developed a new ambient-ionization mass spectrometric technique named laser desorption/ionization droplet delivery mass spectrometry (LDIDD-MS). LDIDD-MS permits high-resolution, high-sensitivity imaging of tissue samples as well as measurements of both single-cell apoptosis and live-cell exocytosis. A pulsed Hz) UV laser beam (266 nm) is focused on a surface covered with target analytes to trigger their desorption and ionization. A spray of liquid droplets is simultaneously directed onto the laser-focused surface region to capture the ionized analytes and deliver them to a mass spectrometer. The approach of rapid and effective capturing of molecules after laser desorption/ionization allows the limit of detection for the amino acid lysine to be as low as 2 amol under ambient ionization conditions. Two-dimensional maps of the desorbed/ionized species are recorded by moving the sample on an XY translational stage. The spatial resolution for imaging with LDIDD-MS was determined to be 2.4 mu m far an ink-printed pattern and 3 mu m for mouse brain tissue. We applied LDIDD-MS to single-cell analysis of apoptotic HEK cells. Differences were observed in the profiles of fatty acids and lipids between healthy HEK cells and those undergoing apoptosis. We observed upregulation of phosphatidylcholine (PC) with a relatively shorter carbon chain length and downregulation of PC with a relatively longer carbon chain length. We also applied LDIDD-MS for a real-time direct measurements of live-cell exocytosis. The catecholamine dopamine and trace amines (phenethylamine and tyramine) were detected from live PC12 cells without damaging them.</P>
The fundamental phenomena of nanobubbles and their behavior in wastewater treatment technologies
Anup Gurung,Olli Dahl,Kaj Jansson 한국자원공학회 2016 Geosystem engineering Vol.19 No.3
The importance of nanobubbles is widely acknowledged, particularly in terms of their role with respect to bubble size and stability. Nanobubbles are tiny spherical cap-shaped bubbles, and have several unique physical and mechanical characteristics. Longevity, virtual disappearance of buoyancy, high internal pressure, extremely large surface/volume ratio, high oxygen dissolution rate, and generation of free radicals are the important features of nanobubbles. Their peculiar characteristics have led to many applications in the various fields of science and technology, including industrial, biological, and medical fields. This paper aims to provide a state-of-the-art for nanobubble technology. The fundamentals about existence and stability of nanobubbles are reviewed. Understanding of zeta potential values in nanobubbles is reviewed. The current methods of generation and measurement of nanobubbles are reviewed. Finally, the current applications and promising potential applications of nanobubbles are discussed, such as application of nanobubbles in flotation technology, applications of nanobubbles as cleaning agents and applications of nanobubbles in degradation of organic pollutants. In spite of its fantastic properties, use of nanobubble technology is limited to medical applications. Therefore, the recent developments in nanobubble technology are fascinating and promising but challenging as well.
Lumbar burner and stinger syndrome in an elderly athlete
( Veronika Wegener ),( Axel Stabler ),( Volkmar Jansson ),( Christof Birkenmaier ),( Bernd Wegener ) 대한통증학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.31 No.1
Burner or stinger syndrome is a rare sports injury caused by direct or indirect trauma during high-speed or contact sports mainly in young athletes. It affects peripheral nerves, plexus trunks or spinal nerve roots, causing paralysis, paresthesia and pain. We report the case of a 57-year-old male athlete suffering from burner syndrome related to a lumbar nerve root. He presented with prolonged pain and partial paralysis of the right leg after a skewed landing during the long jump. He was initially misdiagnosed since the first magnet resonance imaging was normal whereas electromyography showed denervation. The insurance company refused to pay damage claims. Partial recovery was achieved by pain medication and physiotherapy. Burner syndrome is an injury of physically active individuals of any age and may appear in the cervical and lumbar area. MRI may be normal due to the lack of complete nerve transection, but electromyography typically shows pathologic results. (Korean J Pain 2018; 31: 54-7)
Early Metabolic and Inflammatory Intraperitoneal Changes After Rectum Perforation
Ioannis Oikonomakis,Tal M. Hörer,Per Skoog,Kristofer F. Nilsson,Kjell Jansson 대한대장항문학회 2020 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.36 No.6
Purpose: Anastomotic leakage (AL) is the most dreaded complication in rectal surgery. It has a great impact on postoperative morbidity and mortality. This animal model, in which we have studied postoperative metabolic and inflammatory changes, is designed to imitate an AL. Methods: Twelve pigs were randomized into 2 groups. In the experimental group, an iatrogenic rectal perforation was performed, with the control group having a sham operation. The 2 groups were followed for 10 hours after operation with regard to vital parameters, arterial lactate, and cytokines interleukin (IL) 1, IL6, and IL10 in the blood and intraperitoneally. Intraperitoneal microdialysis analyses of glucose, lactate, glycerol, and pyruvate were performed and the lactate/pyruvate ratio was calculated. Results: Glucose levels were lower in the experimental group after 4 hours. After 7 hours, lactate and lactate/pyruvate ratio was higher in the experimental group. At the same time intraperitoneal cytokines IL6 and IL10 were higher in the experimental group. Blood samples showed higher IL6 after 7 hours in the experimental group. Conclusion: In this study, several significant differences between the groups in metabolic and inflammatory values were detected. Further clinical studies are recommended to evaluate the importance of intraperitoneal metabolic and inflammatory analyses as a diagnostic tool for early identification of an AL.
Enhanced resistance of PsbS-deficient rice (Oryza sativa L.) to fungal and bacterial pathogens
Ismayil S. Zulfugarov,Altanzaya Tovuu,김치열,Kieu Thi Xuan Vo,고수연,Michael Hall,석혜연,김연기,Oscar Skogstrom,문용환,Stefan Jansson,전종성,이춘환 한국식물학회 2016 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.59 No.6
The 22-kDa PsbS protein of Photosystem II is involved in nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) of chlorophyll fluorescence. Genome-wide analysis of the expression pattern in PsbS knockout (KO) rice plants showed that a lack of this protein led to changes in the transcript levels of 406 genes, presumably a result of superoxide produced in the chloroplasts. The top Gene Ontology categories, in which expression was the most differential, included ‘Immune response’, ‘Response to jasmonic acid’, and ‘MAPK cascade’. From those genes, we randomly selected nine that were up-regulated. Our microarray results were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. The KO and PsbS RNAi (knockdown) plants were more resistant to pathogens Magnaporthe oryzae PO6-6 and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae than either the wild-type plants or PsbS-overexpressing transgenic line. These findings suggest that superoxide production might be the reason that these plants have greater pathogen resistance to fungal and bacterial pathogens in the absence of energy-dependent NPQ. For example, a high level of cell wall lignification in the KO mutants was possibly due to enhanced superoxide production. Our data indicate that certain abiotic stress-induced reactive oxygen species can promote specific signaling pathways, which then activate a defense mechanism against biotic stress in PsbS-KO rice plants.