Taipei Performing Art center

JAKOB,MACFARLANE,DOMINIQUE JAKOB 현대건축사 2009 월간 CONCEPT Vol.- No.119

Skeletal Fragility in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Jakob Starup-Linde,Katrine Hygum,Bente Lomholt Langdahl 대한내분비학회 2018 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.33 No.3

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of fracture, which has been reported in several epidemiological studies. However, bone mineral density in T2D is increased and underestimates the fracture risk. Common risk factors for fracture do notfully explain the increased fracture risk observed in patients with T2D. We propose that the pathogenesis of increased fracture risk inT2D is due to low bone turnover caused by osteocyte dysfunction resulting in bone microcracks and fractures. Increased levels ofsclerostin may mediate the low bone turnover and may be a novel marker of increased fracture risk, although further research isneeded. An impaired incretin response in T2D may also affect bone turnover. Accumulation of advanced glycosylation endproductsmay also impair bone strength. Concerning antidiabetic medication, the glitazones are detrimental to bone health and associated withincreased fracture risk, and the sulphonylureas may increase fracture risk by causing hypoglycemia. So far, the results on the effectof other antidiabetics are ambiguous. No specific guideline for the management of bone disease in T2D is available and current evidenceon the effects of antiosteoporotic medication in T2D is sparse. The aim of this review is to collate current evidence of thepathogenesis, detection and treatment of diabetic bone disease.

Congratulatory Remarks

Jakob Hallgren 한국여성정책연구원(구 한국여성개발원) 2018 한국여성정책연구원 세미나자료 Vol.2018 No.11

Colorectal Transit and Volume During Treatment With Prolonged-release Oxycodone/Naloxone Versus Oxycodone Plus Macrogol 3350

( Jakob L Poulsen ),( Esben B Mark ),( Christina Brock ),( Jens B Frøkjær ),( Klaus Krogh ),( Asbjørn M Drewes ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2018 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.24 No.1

Background/Aims Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is the most common gastrointestinal (GI) side effect to opioid treatment. Opioid receptor antagonists against OIC have been introduced, but their efficacy has not been directly compared to conventional laxatives. Our aim was to compare symptoms and objective parameters of gut function in an experimental model of OIC during treatment with the opioid antagonist naloxone and oxycodone in prolonged-release (PR) formulation versus oxycodone plus macrogol 3350. Methods In this randomized, double-blind, crossover trial 20 healthy men received a 5-day treatment of combined PR oxycodone/naloxone or PR oxycodone plus macrogol 3350. Regional GI transit times and segmental colorectal transit were assessed with the Motilis 3D-Transit electromagnetic capsule system. Colorectal volumes were determined by MRI. OIC symptoms were assessed with validated questionnaires, along with stool frequency and consistency. Results Total colorectal volume did not change after 5 days’ treatment with PR oxycodone/naloxone (941 vs 1036 mL; P = 0.091), but increased significantly after PR oxycodone plus macrogol treatment (912 vs 1123 mL; P < 0.001). Neither regional GI transit times nor segmental colorectal transit differed between the treatments (all P > 0.05). The Patient Assessment of Constipation Symptom Questionnaire abdominal symptoms score was lower during PR oxycodone/naloxone compared to PR oxycodone plus macrogol (0.2 vs 3.2; P = 0.002). Stool frequency was lower during PR oxycodone/naloxone compared to PR oxycodone plus macrogol (4.2 vs 5.4; P = 0.035). Conclusions PR oxycodone plus macrogol increases colorectal volume, but does not improve GI transit compared to PR oxycodone/naloxone. However, PR oxycodone/naloxone results in a lower abdominal symptom burden, despite higher stool frequency during macrogol treatment. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018;24:119-127)

『Iphigenie』 - " ganz verteufelt human?"

Jakobs, Jurgen 한국독어독문학회 1995 獨逸文學 Vol.55 No.1

Local microstructure-based material performance and damage in design and finite element simulations of cast components

Jakob Olofsson 한국CDE학회 2018 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.5 No.4

A novel approach to incorporate local microstructure-based material performance into finite element method (FEM) simulations of cast components is presented. By adopting perspectives from natural designs as dinosaur skulls and trees, the discipline-wide approach enables accurate prediction of damage in structures based on a heterogeneous distribution of sub-scale features. It is shown that heterogeneous damage tolerance dictates the performance and failure of cast aluminum, and simulations are compared with experimental results of heterogeneous tensile samples using digital image correlation (DIC). The numerical application of the approach in the industrial product realization process of an industrial cast-ing is demonstrated, and the applicability of the approach to understand the behavior and failure of nat-ural as well as synthetic structures is discussed.

The Influence of Lipids on Exocrine Pancreatic Secretions in Pigs - Review -

Jakob, S.,Mosenthin, R.,Sauer, W.C. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.5

The characteristics of the exocrine pancreatic secretions in pigs and its hormonal regulation as influenced by dietary lipids are reviewed. There is clear evidence that the secretion of lipolytic enzymes is positively correlated with the amount of fat consumed by the pig. For example, there was an increase in the specific lipase activity by 83% after the dietary fat content was increased from 5% to 25%. Moreover, it was shown that also the quality of fat has an influence on exocrine pancreatic secretions. Peroxidized canola oil stimulated total lipase secretion much more than non-peroxidized oil. The influence of fatty acid composition on exocrine pancreatic secretions is discussed equivocally. Some authors showed that saturated fats stimulated the exocrine pancreatic secretions more than unsaturated. Others showed that the chain length of fatty acids had a strong influence on pancreatic secretions as well. Due to the different surgical methods used for sampling of pancreatic juice and wide variety of fats and oils used in these studies, direct comparisons between studies are extremely difficult to make. Plasma levels of hormones such as cholecystokinin (CCK), neurotensin (NT) and peptide YY (PYY) are influenced by the nutrient composition of the diet. With increasing amounts of fat present in the small intestine, the release of these hormones was stimulated. There is evidence that CCK release is dependent on the chain length of the fatty acids. Medium chain triglycerides stimulated the CCK release more than long chain triglycerides. Neurotensin was released more by unsaturated than by saturated fatty acids; similar results were observed for the PYY release. However, results are contradictory and further investigations are warranted that focus on the underlying mechanisms involved in the regulatory response of the exocrine pancreas to lipids of different origin.

Tests of the Factor Price Equalization Theorem

( Jakob B. Madsen ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 1996 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.11 No.2

Using annual data for 21 OECD countries over the period 1960 to 1993 this paper tests whether real wages have converged to a common mean alongside with increasing openness, as predicted by the factor price equalization theorem. The empirical estimates suggest that real wage convergence has taken place in most OECD countries. ([EL F02, J3)

코로나19 위기대응 : 독일과 오스트리아 사례

Jakob Gasser,Nico Tackner,Klaus Kraemer 한국노동연구원 2020 국제노동브리프 Vol.18 No.10

The Impact of Opioid Treatment on Regional Gastrointestinal Transit

( Jakob L Poulsen ),( Matias Nilsson ),( Christina Brock ),( Thomas H Sandberg ),( Klaus Krogh ),( Asbjørn M Drewes ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2016 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.22 No.2

Background/Aims To employ an experimental model of opioid-induced bowel dysfunction in healthy human volunteers, and evaluate the impact of opioid treatment compared to placebo on gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and motility assessed by questionnaires and regional GI transit times using the 3-dimensional (3D)-Transit system. Methods Twenty-five healthy males were randomly assigned to oxycodone or placebo for 5 days in a double blind, crossover design. Adverse GI effects were measured with the bowel function index, gastrointestinal symptom rating scale, patient assessment of constipation symptom questionnaire, and Bristol stool form scale. Regional GI transit times were determined using the 3D-Transit system, and segmental transit times in the colon were determined using a custom Matlab® graphical user interface. Results GI symptom scores increased significantly across all applied GI questionnaires during opioid treatment. Oxycodone increased median total GI transit time from 22.2 to 43.9 hours (P < 0.001), segmental transit times in the cecum and ascending colon from 5.7 to 9.9 hours (P = 0.012), rectosigmoid colon transit from 2.7 to 9.0 hours (P = 0.044), and colorectal transit time from 18.6 to 38.6 hours (P = 0.001). No associations between questionnaire scores and segmental transit times were detected. Conclusions Self-assessed GI adverse effects and increased GI transit times in different segments were induced during oxycodone treatment. This detailed information about segmental changes in motility has great potential for future interventional head-to-head trials of different laxative regimes for prevention and treatment of constipation. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016;22:282-291)