http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
한국인에서 일광 노출의 유해성에 대한 인지도와 일광 차단제의 이용 행태에 대한 연구
김상태,김기호,오선진,이승철,강세훈,윤재일,김진준,박석범,김홍용 대한피부과학회 1999 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.37 No.6
Background: Although deleterious effects of sunlight have been increased recently, the surveillance of the attitudes toward sun-exposure and the behavioral aspect of using sunscreens in Koreans has hot been carried out. Objective: Our purpose was to evaluate the attitude toward the harmfulness of sun-exposure and behaviors of using sunscreens in Korea. Method: Five hundred and fifty-two subjects were surveyed to assess the attitude toward sun-exposure, as well as the subjects knowledge about, and the use of sunscreens. Underlying data including demographic data, skin colors, skin types, occupation, and sun-exposure, were obtained. Results: Fifty-four percent of subjects believed that sun-exposure is bad for their skins, but, on the contrary, 12.5% believed it to be beneficial. Fifty-two percent of subjects used sunscreens. Almost all subjects(93.8%) knew why to use sunscreens but 62.7% of subjects did not know the meaning of sun protective factors(SPF). Women, indoor workers, subjects less than 40 years old, with less sun-exposed, fair colored skin, or with skin type I, II, III tended to know the deleterious effects of sunlight and the meaning of SPF and used more sunscreen. Conclusion: High risk population-men, outdoor workers, subjects oider than 40 years old, with more sun-exposed, dark colored skin, or skin type VI, V could be targeted with campaigns that promote attitudinal and behavioral changes.
정은혜,박재선 忠南大學校體育科學硏究所 2002 體育科學硏究誌 Vol.20 No.1
The purpose of this study was to know the different styles and symbolic meaning of Jeong-Jae's costumes. For the purpose of this study, it was conducted based on the various variables identified in an extensive review of related literature in the reigns of Sun-Jo(28th and 29th), Hun-Jong(14th), Go-Jong(24th), and Kwang-Mu(6th). The findings of this study were following as; (1)our traditional clothing was influenced by the incoming of the dress system of china which was attributed to the principles of Um-Yang, and the five elements and to the concept of Tae-Il. This foreign color concept was applied to the Jeong-Jae: (2) the Jeong-Jae had been changing in its many aspects through the time. But according to the five colors, the dress and its color had been changing: (3) with the color of the dress and its omament, there is a difference between the upper and lower suit in the colors of the Yang are blue, red, yellow, black, white and the Um are red, green , dark blue, jade green and black green. These compound colors were used in a very colorful way and the principles of Um-Yang and the five elements lie at the root of using these colors particularly in blue, white, red, black and yellow: (4) in the 29th year of Sun-Jo's reign, the Lee-Nam-Saek-Sang-Pyo-Hong-Cho-Sang was used widely. This used colors could not be used by a non-official civilian. There was the strict restriction of dress and omament. So, the queen wore dresses with yellow and red, the queen and the crown princess with red and the princess and the woman in a noble family with green. But in the Jeong-Jae dress and its omament, there was no classification: (5) the Mu-Go and the Cheo-Yung dancing dress which use the five colors clearly have their dress and its omament by the principles of Um-Yang, and the five elements. The Jeong-Jae-Yeo-Ryeong dress has the basic dress and its omament. The findings of these results implied that with isokinetic exercise programs used in this study, it is possible to recover muscular function in athletes with chronic ankle sprain. It was also indicated that extensive training involving a high number of repetitions and eccentric contractions was safe, effective, and well tolerated for the athletes with chronic ankle sprain.
애멸구 發生의 地域的 特性 : -誘蛾燈資料의 統計的 特性-
玄在善 서울大學校 農科大學 1977 서울대농학연구지 Vol.2 No.2
The daily light trap catches of the smaller brown planthoppers from 1965 to 1976 in Korea were analysed in relation to the characteristics of the type of catches in various locations. Years with unreliable data were omitted and only locations with more than 500 annual catches of six or more years used. The results were as follows: 1. The annual catches of the insects and the per cents of the accumulated catches by the end of July were relatively low in the locations north to 37°in latitude, and it is suggested that it might be related with the lower population of the overwintered nymphs and delayed build up in populations. 2. It was noticed that some abnormal catches; unusually great numbers were caught on a day in comparison with those on the previous and on the next days, were observed in Daegu, Jincheon, Boeun, Sangju, which are located in the mountainous areas. 3. The per cents of the corrected data, which were calculated from the data excluding the abnormal catches, and the numbers of the insect on the previous and on the next days, to the actual catches and the per cents of the accumulated catches by the end of July to the annual ones were high in the far southern locations and early populations build up seemed to be fast. 4. The annual catches were smaller in the eastern parts than in the western locations of Taebaek Mountains. 5. The western areas of the Taebaek Mountains south to the 37°in latitude could be divided by Charyung, Noryung and Sobaek mountains, and the locations north to the Charyung Mountains had relatively low catching ratio by the end of July. The locations south to the Sobaek Mountains had greater annual catches and higher per cents of catches comparison to the north by the end of July, specially the per cents of the accmulated catches by the end of June were great. The plains between Charyung and Sobaek Mountains have intermediate types and considerably different in types among the locations. 6. Following types could be recognized in Korea. a. Northern type: North to 37°in latitude. b. Eastern type: Eastern parts of the Taebaek Mountains. c. Western type: Western parts of of the Taebaek Mountains: 1. Seosan type: North to the Charyung Mountains. 2. Honam plain type: Plain areas between the Charyung and Sobaek Mountains. 3. Southern coastal type: Coastal areas of southern sea. 4. Daegu type: Daegu inland areas.
玄在善,黃淳珍 서울大學校 農科大學 1986 서울대농학연구지 Vol.11 No.1
This study was carried out to examine the seasonal changes in the abiotic conditions in two reservoirs on the outskirts of Suweon City. The water temperatures, dissolved oxygen,NH₄-N, PO₄-P, saturation rate of oxygen, and pH values throughout the period from September, 1984, to August, 1985, were measured. Ilweol reservair seems to have characteristics of eutrophic conditions than those of Ucheon reservoir in the examined conditions.
金善再 연세대학교 인문과학연구소 1966 人文科學 Vol.14-15 No.-
One of the distinguishing features in the approach of the transformationists is the concept based on grammaticalness, whereas the structuralists base their approach on a high order of statistical approximation drawn from data they collect. The transformationists see grammaticalness in a language as essential in establishing the grammatical system of that language. The degree of grammaticalness of a sentence can be measured directly by the degree of its grammatical sequences. Professor Chomsky's method for establishing the grammar of a language is to separate its grammatical sequences. One strength of transformation is the application of some of the techniques of mathematicians and symbolic logic makes the description of a language easier, for the language under discussion is thus rendered a symbolized language in which all possible derivations may be made from a given string of the language. Chomsky has pointed out, "the sets of sentences of some formalized system of mathematics can be considered a language." Thus, the linguist can now deal with his symbolized language rather than a natural language with all its complexities. There are, according to Chomsky, two aspects to a language, "competence (the speaker-hearer's knowledge of his language," and "performance (the actual use of language in concrete situations." Certain word sequences are thought to be more acceptable than other. While the concept of acceptability belongs to the realm of performance, that of grammaticalness belongs to the domain of competence. In utterances of daily life there are sentences which are low in the scale of acceptability but rather high in the scale of grammaticalness. In order to generate the grammatical sequences of a language, finite state Markov processes are applied. From a given string, such as #S#, numerous sentences are created by the application of the constituent structure generation rule with appropriate restrictions. It may help clarify the transformational features if we compare them to a machine by which all possible "mobile states" of language can be predicted according to the rules of the generating grammatical devices. For a full application of transformation rules more emphasis should be put on "lexical formatives," subsets of the syntactic structure, which are a more reliable base for reaching into the "deep" structure of a language, located immediately under the "surface" structure of the language. By so doing we can obtain adequate information on the transformable higher base for acquiring the absolutely necessary element of grammaticalness, considered to be the nucleus of the grammar of that language.
李在善 淸州大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.16 No.2
Explosives perforatingly charged on the rock bed in free face were blasted under the sufficient sealing detonation pressure and gas pressure transmitted to the rock bed developed shock wave and stress wave and thus caused the cemplicated stress distribution in the rock bed. particularly in the neighborhood of free face, breaking was occured by the tensile stress wave reflecting from the free face. By the action of such the tensile stress wave, funnel hole-shaped breaking was developed from the free face to the blasting center. Funnel hole-shaped fissure originated in σ₂_(max) and radial rupture centering around burden of crater originated in σ₃_(max).
玄在善,李順遠 서울大學校 農科大學 1985 서울대농학연구지 Vol.10 No.1
1982∼1984年 걸쳐 殺蟲劑와 殺비劑의 處理 및 地面雜草 管理를 달리 하면서, 食植性 응애類의 發生 및 密度變動과 이들의 主要天敵인 捕食性 응애類의 種類 및 活動狀況을 調査하여 다음과 같이 結果를 얻었다. 1. 사과응애는 5月부터 出現하여 7∼8月에 最高 密度에 達하고 以後 10月까지도 發生하였으나, 殺비劑撒布下에서는 대체로 年中 密度가 낮게 維推되었다. 2. 점박이응에는 前年度 越冬密度가 높을 경우에는 5月부터 樹上에 出現하고, 越冬密度가 거의 없을 경우에는 7月 以後에 近接한 棲息處에서 分散·移動하였고, 7∼8月에 급격히 密度가 增加되며, 9∼10月에도 繼續높은 密度를 維持하였다. 또한 殺비劑 處理後 密度回復이 일어나서 處理前보다 휠씬 높은 密度로 增加하는 傾向이 있었다. 3. 殺비劑를 地面撒布하거나 淸耕栽培를 하는 것이 本 試驗區 狀況下에서는 점박이응애의 樹上密度 抑制에 큰 影響을 주지 못하였으며, 捕食性 응애類에 대해서는 오히려 減少시키는 影響이 있었다. 4. 捕食性 응애로 Amblyseius longispinosus(Evans)와 Agistemus terminalis(Quayle) 두種이 發見되었으며 前者는 韓國에서 새로이 發見되었으며, A. longispinosus는 점박이응애에 좀더 效果的인 捕食응애였으나 環境條作에 따라 發生量에 큰 差異가 있었고, A. terminalis는 捕食效果는 낮은 반면에 比較的 安定된 發生相을 나타내어 今後 이들에 대한 評價가 要求된다. The purpose of this study was to examine the seasonal population dynamics of the two phytophagous mites ; two-spotted spider mite. Tetranychus urticae Koch, and European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), and to evaluate their predaceous mites in the apple orchard. The European red mite seemed to be minor pest, and it seemed to be effectively controlled by the acaricide application. But, the two-spotted spider mite seemed to be the most serious pest. Its density became high enough to require some control measures by middle or late July. There seemed to be common phenomenon of resurgence to the acaricide application in this mite, therefore its density gets the position of economic injury level in short time after treatment. The two-spotted spider mite also feeds on various broad leaf weeds growing under the apple tree in the spring, and later moves to apple tree when the nutritional conditions of the host and other cultural environments become unfavorable. Therefore, the population dynamics not only in the tree but also on the ground cover were important for effective control of the two-spotted spider mites. Two predaceous mites were found ; Amblyseius longispinosus (Evans), and Agistemus terminalis(Quayle). A. longispinosus was effective biological control agent to the two-spotted spider mite, but its density was highly variable with the management system from one plot to another, and from year to year. The density of A. terminalis was considerably high except on the pesticides treated plots, and seemed to be effective predator for the phytophagous mites after August.
Modified Free Wrap-around Flap을 이용한 수무지 재건술의 치험 1예
김순흠,김준범,최재구 건국대학교 의과학연구소 1998 건국의과학학술지 Vol.8 No.-
Traumatic loss of the thumb presents significant functional disability because thumb makes 40% to 50% functional capacity of the hand. So, its loss results in severe dysfunction of the hand especially for pinching and grasping. There are several microsurgical methods to reconstruct the amputated and severely injured thumb such as toe-to-thumb transfer and free wrap-around flap surgery.Development of precise operating microscope, microneedles, sutures and the basic principles of microvascular physiology initiate the early era of thumb reconstruction by free microvascular single transfer of toe with or without adjacent tissue to hand. The free wrap-around flap has been taken from big toe including nail, skin, soft tissue and neurovascular pedicle with or without bone graft and used for the reconstruction of circumferential soft tissue loss of the thumb with some preservation of skeletal structure. We experienced the degloving injury of left thumb from the base of proximal phalanx. The bony skeleton was relatively intact except the proximal phalange bone fracture at interphalangeal joint level. The degloved soft tisssue was heavily crushed. So, we harvested the free wrap around flap from left greater toe including distal phalange bone. And then, transfered to injured left thumb. The oppositional function of the reconstructed thumb was good for pinching and grasping. The patient had no gait problem and he could keep his weight in standing position. The result was satisfactory functionally and cosmetically, and the goal of wrap-around flap to minimize donor site morbidity was well accomplished. Here, we report the clinical experience of modified free wrap around flap for the thumb reconstruction.