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Jahirul Islam,Hack June Lee,양승희,Dong Ki Kim,Kwon Wook Joo,Yon Su Kim,Sang-Uk Seo,Seung-Yong Seong,Dong-Sup Lee,연제인,한승석 대한면역학회 2020 Immune Network Vol.20 No.2
Type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) progresses with an increasingly inflammatory milieu, wherein various immune cells are relevant. Herein, we investigated the levels of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and their clinical implication in patients with T2DN. A total of 91 subjects (T2DN, n=80; healthy, n=11) were recruited and their PBMCs were used for flow cytometric analysis of polymorphonuclear (PMN-) and monocytic (M-) MDSCs, in addition to other immune cell subsets. The risk of renal progression was evaluated according to the quartiles of MDSC levels using the Cox model. The proportion of MDSCs in T2DN patients was higher than in healthy individuals (median, 6.7% vs. 2.5%). PMN-MDSCs accounted for 96% of MDSCs, and 78% of PMN-MDSCs expressed Lox-1. The expansion of PMN-MDSCs was not related to the stage of T2DN or other kidney disease parameters such as glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria. The production of ROS in PMN-MDSCs of patients was higher than in neutrophils of patients or in immune cells of healthy individuals, and this production was augmented under hyperglycemic conditions. The 4th quartile group of PMN-MDSCs had a higher risk of renal progression than the 1st quartile group, irrespective of adjusting for multiple clinical and laboratory variables. In conclusion, PMN-MDSCs are expanded in patients with T2DN, and may represent as an immunological biomarker of renal progression.
Strain Dependent Performance Analysis of InGaN Multi-junction Solar Cell
Md. Aminur Rahman,Md. Jahirul Islam,Md. Rafiqul Islam,M. A. Parvez Mahmud 한국전기전자재료학회 2021 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.22 No.6
This study reports the strain-dependent efficiency of the InGaN-based multi-junction solar cell (MJSC) for the first time. The route of strain in MJSC is identifi ed to be the results of dissimilar lattice constants between layers of sub-cell grown epitaxially with bandgap stepping. Utilising multi-layered strain model, the state of strain and its magnitude is evaluated for three types of MJSC structures referred to as MJSC-1, MJSC-2, and MJSC-3. It is found that the MJSC position-dependent strain is strongly dependent on the sub-cell thickness as well as on the number of sub-cells. Employing the MJSC position-dependent strain in combination with deformation potentials, strain-induced energy bandgap is calculated when imposed under tensile strain condition. Finally, the strain-dependent efficiencies of different MJSC structures are estimated and obtained to be lower with that of reported with strain effects over sighted. The loss of efficiency is identifi ed to be due to the open circuit voltage which decreases under tensile strain condition. Among the MJSC structures studied here, MJSC-3 with 7-layers is less efficient and its efficiency decreases up to 3.01% when strain effect is taken into consideration.