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First Report of Six Trichoderma Species Isolated from Freshwater Environment in Korea
( Jaeduk Goh ),( Bora Nam ),( Jae Sung Lee ),( Hye Yeon Mun ),( Yoosun Oh ),( Hyang Burm Lee ),( Namil Chung ),( Young-joon Choi ) 한국균학회 2018 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.46 No.3
Trichoderma (Hypocreaceae) is one of the most ubiquitous genera worldwide. This genus has an excellent ability to adapt to diverse environments, even under poor nutritional conditions, such as in freshwater. However, little is known about the diversity of Trichoderma species in freshwater environments. In this study, we isolated diverse fungal strains from algae, plant litter, and soil sediment in streams in Korea. The strains were identified based on molecular phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA and translation elongation factor 1 (TEF1α) sequences. We also investigated their morphological characteristics by microscopic observation and determination of cultural features on different media. As a result, six Trichoderma species were found in Korea: T. afroharzianum, T. capillare, T. guizhouense, T. paraviridescens, T. reesei, and T. saturnisporum. Interestingly, T. paraviridescens showed both cellulose activity and hypoxia stress tolerance phenotypes, indicating its role as a decomposer in freshwater ecosystems. Our study revealed that freshwater environment could be a good candidate for investigating the species diversity of Trichoderma.
Four Species of Montagnulaceae Unrecorded in Korea and Isolated from Plant Litter in Freshwater
( Jaeduk Goh ),( Hye Yeon Mun ),( Yoosun Oh ),( Namil Chung ) 한국균학회 2016 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.44 No.4
Freshwater is a diverse and complex environment for fungi and provides several types of habitat including plant litter, sediment, and carcasses. We collected plant litter from the main stream and branch streams of Nakdong River, Sohancheon in Samcheok, and Geumoreum in Jeju. From several samples of plant litter, we isolated 8 fungal strains belonging to 4 Montagnulaceae species unrecorded in Korea: Paraconiothyrium archidendri, Paraphaeosphaeria sporulosa, Paraphaeosphaeria michotii, and Paraphaeosphaeria viridescens. These fungi were identified by phylogenetic analysis using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and examination of morphological characteristics. Montagnulaceae is known as one of the families in Pleosporales and includes coniothyrium-like fungi. In this study, we described phylogenetic analysis and mycological characteristics of these species, and this is the first report of these taxa in Korea.
( Jaeduk Goh ),( Yu-jeong Jeon ),( Hye Yeon Mun ),( Namil Chung ),( Young-hwan Park ),( Sangkyu Park ),( Hyejin Hwang ),( Wonsu Cheon ) 한국균학회 2020 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.48 No.4
Freshwater fungi are a poly-phylogenetic group of taxonomically diverse organisms. In this study, we isolated diverse fungal strains from various environmental samples obtained from freshwaters in Korea. These strains were identified by performing molecular phylogenetic analyses of rDNA and/or other sequences (beta-tubulin, RNA polymerase II, and translation elongation factor 1). In addition, we examined their morphological characteristics microscopically and cultural characteristics using different media. We identified eleven unrecorded Pezizomycotina species: Cladosporium angulosum , Pseudorobillarda phragmitis, Paraconiothyrium estuarinum, Pseudopithomyces palmicola, Pyrenochaetopsis paucisetosa, Thelebolus globosus, Plagiostoma mejianum, Trichoderma cremeum, Fusarium tanahbumbuense , Coniochaeta endophytica , and Chaetomium tenue . Environmental samples obtained from different freshwater ecosystems in Korea could thus be a good source for isolating and investigating novel fungal species.
Seven Previously Unrecorded Fungal Species Isolated from Freshwater Ecosystems in Korea
( Jaeduk Goh ),( Hye Yeon Mun ),( Yoosun Oh ) 한국균학회 2021 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.49 No.2
Various freshwater ecosystems, such as streams, lakes and rivers, provide a dynamic habitat for fungi. In this study, we isolated several fungal strains from freshwater sediment and plant litter. The strains were identified using molecular phylogenetic analyses of rDNA and beta tubulin (TUB) sequences. Morphological characteristics of the fungi were also investigated using microscopy and culture characteristics of the fungi grown on several media. We identified seven species previously unrecorded in Korea, Nothophoma spiraeae, Westerdykella aquatica, W. aurantiaca, W. dispersa, Chrysosporium sanyaense, C.pseudomerdarium and Taeniolella phialosperma.
( Jaeduk Goh ),( Hye Yeon Mun ),( Yu-jeong Jeon ),( Namil Chung ),( Young-hwan Park ),( Sangkyu Park ),( Hyejin Hwang ),( Wonsu Cheon ) 한국균학회 2020 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.48 No.2
Freshwater ecosystems provide a complex environment for microorganisms. In this study, we isolated diverse fungal strains from plant litter in freshwaters. These strains were identified using molecular phylogenetic analyses of rDNA and/or other gene sequences (TUB, GAPDH, and EF1 ). In addition, we examined their morphological characteristics by microscopy and cultural characteristics on several media. We identified six previously unrecorded Sordariomycetes species in Korea, i.e., Colletotrichum godetiae, Discosia rubi, Robillarda sessilis , Monochaetia dimorphospora , Idriella lunata , and Phialemoniopsis endophytica . Of these, D. rubi and M. dimorphospora exhibited high extracellular amylase, lipase, and protease activities, suggesting that these fungal isolates might play an important role as decomposers in freshwater ecosystems. Plant litter could thus be a good source for isolating and investigating previously undocumented fungal species in freshwater environments.
FE-SEM Image Analysis of Junction Interface of Cu Direct Bonding for Semiconductor 3D Chip Stacking
Jaeduk Byun,June Won Hyun 한국표면공학회 2021 한국표면공학회지 Vol.54 No.5
The mechanical and electrical characteristics can be improved in 3D stacked IC technology which can accomplish the ultra-high integration by stacking more semiconductor chips within the limited package area through the Cu direct bonding method minimizing the performance degradation to the bonding surface to the inorganic compound or the oxide film etc. The surface was treated in a ultrasonic washer using a diamond abrasive to remove other component substances from the prepared cast plate substrate surface. FE-SEM was used to analyze the bonding characteristics of the bonded copper substrates, and the cross section of the bonded Cu conjugates at the sintering junction temperature of 100 °C, 150 °C, 200 °C, 350 °C and the pressure of 2303 N/㎠ and 3087 N/㎠. At 2303 N/㎠, the good bonding of copper substrate was confirmed at 350 °C, and at the increased pressure of 3087 N/㎠, the bonding condition of Cu was confirmed at low temperature junction temperature of 200 °C. However, the recrystallization of Cu particles was observed due to increased pressure of 3087 N/㎠ and diffusion of Cu atoms at high temperature of 350 °C, which can lead to degradation in semiconductor manufacturing.
Jaeduk Goh,Yoosun Oh,Hye Yeon Mun 한국균학회 2023 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.51 No.3
In this study, we isolated several fungal strains from filtered water and sediment collectedfrom rivers and streams. The strains were identified by molecular phylogenetic analyses ofrDNA sequences (internal transcribed spacer [ITS], large subunit of ribosomal DNA [LSU]). The morphological characteristics of the fungi were investigated using microscopy, and theculture characteristics of fungi grown on several media were examined. We identified fourspecies previously unknown in South Korea, namely, Dissophora globulifera, Linnemanniaexigua, Mortierella rishikesha and Umbelopsis autotrophica.