King Lear에 나타난 인간의 본질과 Karma

심재만 ( Jae Man Shim ) 21세기영어영문학회 1999 영어영문학21 Vol.15 No.-

To understand man`s intrinsic attributes, we have to know the essence of e power which enables man to live. What is the energy that sustains man? It may be said that it is energy which man gets by food which is physically needed to sustain the body. But man`s survival will which drives the man`s body does not derive from this kind of energy. It is from man`s energy to survive that gives him the energy and desire to exist. Man continues to live day after day by the energy of his desire. If there is no desire, man loses his will to live. So, it may be said that the ceaseless human desire has sustain him throughout history. Man, by his ceaseless desire, is continually trying to prove himself using destructive methods in order to succeed in his speech and behavior. Because of man`s destructive verbal abuse and behavior. man has accumulated negative karma, this negative karma causes more desires which cause harm to mankind, by the chain of cause and effect, incessantly causing a negative experience in reincamation. I attempt in this thesis to define the principles of karma and reincarnation by studying how the karma of man`s speech and behaviours which man`s vain desire has produced appears in real life, and to explain the substantial destiny of the characters in drama through the principles of karma and reincarnation.

정상 한국인에서 연령증가에 따른 혈장 Dehydroepiandrosteronesulfate ( DHEA-S ) 농도 및 DHEA - S / cortisol 비의 변화

박성우,유형준,임성희,최문기,유재명,박민숙,이권엽,박철수,김철홍,김현규,김두만,박규용 대한내분비학회 1997 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.12 No.2

Backgroud: DHEA-S is the most abundant steroid hormone in circulation, and primarily secreted from the adrenal cortex, but its physiological role is little known. One of the characteristic features of DHEA-S is progressive decrement of plasma DHEA-S level with advancing age, in contrast, plasma levels of other adrenal hormones are not chaging or littie decreasing. To grasp the trends of plasma DHEA-S level and DHEA-S/cortisol ratio by age in healthy Korean, we measured the plasma DHEA-S levels and DHEA-S/cortisol ratios in healthy Korean. Methods: Healthy Korean(men: 99, women: 102, age range: 15-97 year old)were studied. Subjects were not taking drugs(such as glucocorticoid or androgenic medication) or cigarettes known to modify the plasma level of DHEA-S and cortisol, and had no evidence of hepatic, renal disease or hyperlipidemia as determined by serum lipid, bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, BUN, creatinine. Data were analyzed by 10-year age group for men and women: i.e, 10-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40- 49, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79, 80-89 and 90 year or more. Plasma DHEA-S levels were measured by using a commercially available RIA kit with 125I labeled-DHEA-SO4(Coat-A Count DHEA-SO4), and for the measurement of plasma cortisol levels, commercial Gamma Coat TM[125I] Cortisol Radioimmunassay Kit was used. Results:. 1) In both men and women, plasma DHEA-S level showed high interindividual variation within the same age group. 2) There were individual sex differences in plasma levels of DHEA-S, in all age groups, plasma DHEA-S levels were significantly higher values for men than for women. 3) Maximum plasma DHEA-S levels(men; 237+-3.35 ug/dL, women; 108+-17.5 ug/dL) were at third decade in both men and women. 4) Both men and women showed the continuous decline in plasma DHEA-S level with age. These age-related decline was more prominent in men than in women(men; y= -3.152 * +292.6, r2= 0.8459, P$lt;0.05, women; y= -1.417 * +143.3, r2 = 0.7278, P$lt; 0.05). 5) As an index of aging, there was no stastical difference between DHEA-S and DHEA- S/cortisol ratio. Conclusion: In healthy Korean, there were high interindividual variation of plasrna DHEA-S levels. In both men and women plasma DHEA-S level was peak at third decade, and from when it declined progressively with age. These results suggest that although the reliability of single plasma DHEA-S measurement are limited, the decline of DHEA-S with advancing age might be a specific marker of endocrinologic hormonal milieu(aging index). Also, concerning to individual adrenal secreting capacity, we measured DHEA-S/cortisol ratio. But we did not found that plasma DHEA-S/cortisol ratio is superior to the plasma DHEA-S level as an aging index. (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 12:245-254, 1997)

實存 哲學의 時間 構造

李載萬 명지대학교 1968 明大論文集 Vol.1 No.-

This thesis has it her purpose to deal with the problem how a man understands the existence itself thru the “time of living” and with the problem how this existential man may deal with the structure of time. The ‘time’ is an essential factor for comprehending the existential element of a realistic man to have got a significant place in philosophy. The theme has been thoroughly pursued by the existential philosophy. The ‘time’ put back toward the internal consciousness of a man from the concept of an objective stream has come to be given a big step forward. As the time is experienced, future acts upon the present and past is construed as restricting a present action by serving the basis which supports the present, in consequence the existential philosophy has by necessity come to give a central place to the time. And as time is given to mann as an experience, the form is categorized into two, i.e. an objective time and a concrete, subjective time. And in accordance as the class of the time experience differs the difference of the time-sense also comes into being. Viewed from the construction of the time, the life philosophy and the existential philosophy have got something in common, which is brought to light by clearing the time structure of a man. 3 forms of the time-structure are; past… present… future. Then the present does not serve a trimming section between past the future… no, time is not such a body which may be trimmed at will. But a moment has width and flexibility to serve a chain. Future serves a plan and a hope. As a man does everything at any present moment, an element of future is included to assert itself and past is also included as a reminder and the present moment has got a very complex structure the present is not a momentary and transitory instant but a chain which binds what is at present with what was and what will be together. But the existential time which comprehends a man in finiteness may be termed as an expression of the human finiteness. Past at the present moment restricts the freedom of a human behavior and heavily burdening him asserts itself to press on the present. And a man who is put in a situation tries to overcome it with a relationship to the future, by these attempts a human nature comes into being. A man concentrates his whole attempts on the existential moment, and it is whether he may transcend ove the situation towards the future or he must escape from the situation faced, that is, he must deal negatively what is pressing on him. At this point, the existential, original time differs from the present-existing, non-original time. Real existence is absolute at the moment of this original time, but by jumping over, it breaks the barrier of time which flows to vanish. At this moment the real existence itself has got no longer the quality of time, but exhibits absoluteness. In other words another dimension which does not pertain to time-prolongation opens before us. Thus, in accordance with a constuction of the moment as a joint-spot between time and eternity, they try to grasp the absoluteness of a particular moment.

The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson에서 정체성의 문제

이재만 ( Lee¸ Jae-man ) 현대영미어문학회 1998 현대영미어문학 Vol.16 No.2

This novel is the story of a young man’s mistaken identity. He thinks he is white, but is in reality colored, and he is heir to wealth without knowing his claim is false. He lives as a free man, but is legally a slave. When he learns ― a true fact about himself, he comes to ruin not through the knowledge of his physical status, but through the weakness belonging to both races. The psychological twins in this novel are switched identities, mistaken identities, and foils. Thomas a Becket Driscoll and Chambre de Valet are switched identities, and so they are naturally mistaken ones at the same time. David Wilson and Roxy are mistaken identities and they also become foils to each other. In fact, the false Tom is a foil to David Wilson, not to Chambers. Like this, the major characters of the novel are interrelated with each other. The fictional and conventional injurious effects of the slavery which represented largely centering around the life and consciousness of Roxy, Tom and Chambers falls to the white masters as well as the negro slaves. The slaves lead a forced and implanted lives instead of their own, which results in the loss of their self-interest and even self-identity amid the mire of fictious institutional fetters. The Psychological twins’ effort of trying to discover their true identities all come to end in a nightmare. Such result is specially notable in Mark Twain’s later novels through his deepening pessimism in his later years. His conclusion may be that man’s true identity cannot be found and held up in the social situation of “damned human race” in which there prevail the acquisitiveness of the Gilded Age, race prejudice, hypocritical view of religion, man’s cruelty with each other, neo-aristocracy, and miscegenation.

편측안면경련 환자에서의 임상적 중증도를 평가하기 위한 전기생리학적 연구

전성만,김종국,정재익,차재관,김상호,김재우 대한신경과학회 1998 대한신경과학회지 Vol.16 No.2

섬유 산업체 근로자의 신체자각증상 호소율

朴在元,辛斗萬 대구보건대학 1992 대구보건대학 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

This Research was carried out on 870 laborers who are engaged in the fiber industries in Daegu, Kyung-book in order to grasp laborer's physical perception symptoms and its variable which influence it and planning and accomplishing effectively the health management business of industrial spot, during a month from June 1 to 30 in 1991 which is applied to the results of this study can be summarzed as follows. 1. Over 20% of applied subjects are divided according to the frequency of feeling always so (over theree times a week), often so(one or two times a week) and the complaint rate that eyes feel tired is 44.0% and shows the highest complaint rate. Female laborers according to sex, between 10 and 19 ages according to age, single and married according to married state, bording laborers according to the state of location, generally shows high rate complaint. 2. Laborers in dept of spinning shows the exhaustion of eyes(54.4%) and Laborers in dept. Of processing shows that they have serious headache(29.5%) and laborers in textile dept. Have ache on the shoulder(43.4%) and it significantly shows that shfters feel the ache of eyes(49.7%) and night workers feel ache on empty stomach. 3. In the reaction distribution of uneasiness, female(12.9%) is higher compared with men(3.0%). According to age 13.2% of between 10 and 19(12.9%) of between 20 and 29(12.95) appeared. According to educated level, 11.5% of senior high school graduates, 12.4% of single according to marriage state, 11.0% of four year engagement carrieer laborers. According to the engaged year, 13.5% of boarding house according to boarding stated, 12.3% of laborers not paying for living shows independently high complaint degree. 4. The using rate of drugstore is highest among health institution. 5. The complaint rate of the abnormal symptom of female menstration, according to age, that the irregularity of the age between 10-19 is 60.7%, the ache of the age between 20 and 29 is 51.7%, and the hypersensitiveness of the hyper sensitiveness of the age between 30-39 is 45.8%, Thus is indicates high rate of complaint. According to the state of marriage, singles show the 100% of irregularity, the 50% ache, according to the years engaged in the part of the engaged years, under one year is 54.0%, in the ache, the year between 5-9 is 54.7% in the part of hypersensitive, the 41.7% of between 5 and 9 years engaged is highest, according to the hours engaged night workers show 74.1% in all three and highest complaing rate. 6. In the comprehension degree about the knowledge of communicable disease, in the area of superior marks, man shows the complaint rate of 11.8% and female shows 4.5% according to sexs, the age of between 40 and 49 in 14.1% according to the age, 25.0% of college graduate according to scholarly attainment and the married shows 9.6% according to the state of marriage. According to the conclusion of this study, it is thought that the abundent investment must be carried out on the level of workers welfare advancement through the amelioration of comsciousness of working environment towards employer along with health education needed for the health of workes and on the nation level, the policy and support for the workers health must be strengthened.

敎育學의 價値論的 基礎 小考

金在萬 대구교육대학교 1971 論文集 Vol.7 No.-

It is true that philosophy of values because of its background in man's early history is one of the most fertile domains of philosophy. It is the first condition of historical development that man has a situation in which there is a chaotic state, which ought to be decided, to be inquired, and to be accomplished after he has begun to live on the earth. These emergencies of livings, also the good and bad, the right and wrong, the beautiful and ugly are the total conscious activities in himan beings. In general axiology was first discussed in the Central Europe, the Anglo-Saxon countryies, Italy and in the Spanish-American world. In the latter half of the nineteenth century, it began to be studied by Herman Lotze, Franz Brentano, Alexius von Meinong and Christian von Ehrenfels in German and Austria. The history of axiology, of course, can be traced back to Plato or Aristotle but it was not known then as axiology, but only as axiological thinking. It was developed by actual and existential inquiry in the field of philosophy as well as in many other fields of arts and sciences. Take, for example, the behavioral study of values, focusing on subjective judgment, done by Perry and Dewey in the twentieth. There are two sides to the question of axiology; one is the objective or the normative side and the other side is the subjective or changeable expressions of actions. The latter is Dewey's. According to Dewey, "we value something when take an interest in it, prize it, or esteem it. 'To value' in this sense signifies a direct or immediate experience. One has values insofar as one cherishes or esteems certain objects or experiences. The other meaning of 'to value' -valuation -means to judge, to appraise, to evaluate. It is a deliberative process culminating in a judgment of value". Though Rickert inquires about the matter of values as a problem of 'ought to be', Moore considers it as a matter of "good". Even though it may not be certain that this is what values really are, sometimes the matter of values is interpreted as different realms or as a number of different, as is done by Scheler, Phenix, and Broudy. If, for a moment, we consider one aspect of axiology, educational axiology, we can see that in modern times, in many instances, a man of action is more highly valued than a highly educated white-collar worker. Also our civilization, through modern science, is giving us an abundance of material goods, but at the same time it is causing us confusion and hesitation in practical activities because of this abundance of goods. It is important now that we decide the direction education is going to take in the future and in what way we are going to educate our young people concerning these complexities of our society. The task of educational axiology is to solve these problematic situation in our day and to guide men valuable and happy to a living.

大學 씨름 選手의 脚筋力과 脚筋持久力 調査 分析

윤재만,김재구,허만동 대구대학교 기초과학연구소 1998 基礎科學硏究 Vol.14 No.2

This study was aimed to investigate the muscular functions such as peak torque, leg muscular endurance, ratio of muscular endurance, ratio of muscular strength, ratio of muscular deficit in left and right leg caused by extension and flexion at 60?sec, 180?sec and 240?sec Cybex 340 exercise velocity, 9 male ssireum player were selected out of the T University team. The results were as follows: 1. In maximal power efficiency, the mean torques of leg flexion were 166.78±2.98Nm, 137.33±6.01Nm, and 113.67±3.12Nm in left leg and 168.2±9.23Nm, 130.78±8.04Nm, and 116.56±0.47Nm in right leg. The mean torques of leg extension were 289.00±2.54Nm, 199.00±0.75Nm and 162.00±28.07Nm in left leg and 281.67±25.67Nm, 197.33±1.23Nm, and 156.44±26.60Nm in right leg. And there was no significant difference between left and right leg. 2. The mean torques of total work in muscular endurance were 2659.00±405.69) and 3703.67±811.84J at flexion and extension respectively in the left leg and 2768.11±507.82J and 3267.56±776.12J at flexion and extension respectively in right leg. There was no significant difference. 3. The ratio of muscular endurance in left leg were 52.67% at flexion and 49.67% at extension and in right leg were 54.33% at flexion and 52.67% at extension. There was no significant difference. 4. The ratios of leg power (F/E ratio) at 60' /sec, 180'/sec and 2400/sec, the mean were 57.22%, 69.44% and 71.56% in left leg and 59.22%, 66.67% and 75.56% in right leg. These values were almost normal in view of common standard, but the values were abnormal in the view of elite plyer standard. 5. In deficit ratio of leg muscle at 60' /sec, 1807sec and 2407sec, the mean deficit ratio of results were -1.67%, -0.78% and -3.22% at flexion and 1.78%, 0.22% and 5.40% at extension. These values were all normal. 6. In order to guide and upbringing the leg power of sireum player systematically, the analysis of leg peak torque, leg muscular endurance, muscle endurance ratio, muscular strength ratio and muscular deficit ratio using cybex dynamometer are thought to be necessary. The trainer must utilize the profile based on this result into training. By this, the scientific efforts to protect exercise injuries and to seek efficient rehabilitation from injuries and leg power strengthening of ssireum player using cybex dynamimeter.

국내기업 적용을 위한 학습민첩성의 개념정의와 구성요인에 관한 탐색적 연구

강금만(Kang, Kum-man),김민재(Kim, Min-jae),송영수(Song, Youngsoo) 한국경영교육학회 2020 경영교육연구 Vol.35 No.6

[연구목적] 학습민첩성은 Lombardo and Eichinger(2000)가 그 개념을 최초로 주창한 이래 다양한 관점에서 개념정의와 구성요인 연구가 이루어졌으나 국내기업에의 적용을 위한 목적에서의 연구는 상대적으로 미흡하였다. 이에 실천적 관점에서 국내기업에의 적용을 위한 학습민첩성의 개념정의와 구성요인을 탐색해보고 시사점을 제공하고자 하였다. [연구방법] 본 연구는 선행연구에 대한 문헌고찰, 국내 인적자원개발 관련 산학연 전문가를 활용한 델파이 기법, 초점집단면접을 연구방법으로 채택함으로써 삼각검증을 실시하였다. 먼저 문헌고찰을 통해 사전적 구성요인을 도출하였고, 산학연 전문가 23명으로부터 3차에 걸친 델파이조사를 통하여 개념정의와 구성요인을 확인하였고, 2차와 3차 델파이조사 뒤에 초점집단면접을 실시하여 최종적인 개념정의와 구성요인을 확정하였다. 이 과정에서 내용타당도비율(CVR)을 파악하여 델파이조사의 타당도를 검토하였다. [연구결과] 국내기업에의 실질적 적용을 위한 학습민첩성의 개념적 정의에 있어서 포괄적 접근 관점에서의 개념정의가 이루어졌다. 구성요인은 크게 성장지향, 자아성찰, 관계지향, 변화지향, 유연한 사고, 도전적 실험의 6개가 도출되었다. [연구의 시사점] 학습민첩성 구성요인을 확인함으로써 실천적 관점에서의 교육과정 개발과 상관관계 분석을 위한 토대를 제공할 수 있다. [Purpose] Since Lombardo and Eichinger(2000) advocated the concept of learning agility, a lot of studies had been conducted worldwide. But the research for the purpose of applying to Korean companies is relatively insufficient. The purpose of this study is to explore the conceptual definition and constructs of learning agility from a practical point of view. [Methodology] For this purpose, we conducted triangulation by adopting literature review, 3-round Delphi method, and 2-round focus group interview. 23 experts from universities, research institutes and industries participated in the Delphi survey. CVR(Content Validity Ratio) was used as a criteria for the selection of constructs. [Findings] The characteristic of learning agility concept derived from Delphi method and FGI is that it takes the comprehensive approach. 6 major constructs of growth-oriented, self-reflective, relationship-oriented, change-oriented, flexible thinking, and challenging experiments are derived. [Implications] Identified constructs provide a foundation for curriculum development and correlation analysis from a practical perspective. As a result, it can help reinforce learning agility in Korean companies.

H.Kleist의 "Penthesilea" 硏究 : 內的 心理와 外的 社會와의 葛藤

박재만 조선대학교 인문학연구소 1995 外國文化硏究 Vol.18 No.1

In seiner Trago¨die “Penthesilea” greift Kleist zwar stofflich teilweise auf die altgriechische U¨berlieferung der Amazonen- und Penthesileasage zuru¨ck, legt aber auch eigenes hinein: eigene Erlebnisse, die fu¨r Kleist typischen Schwankungen zwischen gegensa¨tzlichen Extremen und besonders seine Schwierigkeiten bei der Arbeit am "Guiskard". Man kann sagen, dies alles habe er in das Werk hineinprojiziert. Die Arbeit untersucht in erster Linie Grund und Ursache der krankhaften Haltung und abnormalen Handlungsweise Penthesileas, in denen sich diejenige Kleists direkt widerspiegelt. Zu diesen Zweck werden die wichtigsten Forschungsansa¨tze deutscher Germanisten untersucht und miteinander verglichen. In der genannten Frage sind v.a. folgende Standpunkte hervorzuheben: 1) J. Mu¨ller bezeichnet die Ko¨nigin Penthesilea zwar als pathologisch, bezieht dabei aber die gegebenen Voraussetzungen und Umsta¨nde mit ein, die sich auf Seele und Gefu¨hl Penthesileas auswirken und auf diese Weise die tragische Handlung unausweichlich veranlassen. 2) M. Durzak spricht dagegen Penthesilea von aller Krankhaftigkeit, Geistesverwirrung und seelischer Abnormalita¨t frei. Er ha¨lt jeden ihrer Schritte fu¨r die letzte Konsequenz aus den Voraussetzungen des Staatsgefu¨ges der Amazonen, das zwangsla¨ufig zu Frustration, Lieblosigkeit, Unterdru¨ckung und Grausamkeit fu¨hrt. 3) I. Stephan erkla¨rt die in "Penthesilea" herrschende Pathologie als diejenige Kleists selber. Sie behauptet, sie entspringe aus den Unsicherheiten und Ambivalenzen im Leben des Dichters, der sie in das Werk u¨bertrage. Die Frage, ob Penthesilea geistig und seelisch gesto¨rt ist, ob ihr Benehmen und Tun als Krankheitserscheinung oder als psychische Deformation zu werten sind, kann man nicht allein von ihren Handlungen her beantworten, weil "der Mensch ein Gesellschaftswesen ist". Es scheint mir daher am scicklichsten und sinnvollsten zu sein, das Verhalten der Figur immer im Kontext des Gesetzes der Amazonen zu betrachten und ihre Herkunft als Handlungsvoraussetzung in die Untersuchung einzubeziehen. Das gesamte Handeln Penthesileas ist als Synthese aus individueller Perso¨nlichkeit und dem Eingebundensein in ein Staatssystem wie den eigenartigen Amazonenstaat zu verstehen. Jede Tat Penthesileas la¨ßt sich daher auch als Verzweiflungstat in dem Konflikt zwischen Ich und U¨ber-Ich verstehen, oder, in anderen Worten, zwischen dem eigenenstarken Wollen und den vom Amazonengesetz bestimmten unverletzlichen Tabus.