서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

화훼작물의 여름철 플러그묘 생산에 있어 급격한 엽온저하 쇼크를 이용한 도장억제 가능성 검토

윤재길,박소현,강호종 진주산업대학교 2000 論文集 Vol.39 No.-

One of the most important problem during summer plug plant production is the succulent growth. The possibility of controlling height of plug seedlings by temperature drop shock(TDS) was investigated in Pharbitis, Impatiens and Callistephus. The most sensitive plant to TDS was Pharbitis. By 2℃ water irrigation, height of Pharbitis decreased by 33%. Impatiens showed 16% reduction in height by 2℃ water irrigation. Callistephus showed no reduction in height by any treamtnet. In all plants, stem diameter increased about 10% by the cold water irrigation. Leaf injury such as leaf spot of Saintpaulia was not observed. These results suggested that TDS could be used for controlling height of summer plug seedlings such Pharbitis which is sensitive to TDS.

수자원 분쟁 해결방안

임재현 숙명여자대학교 사회 교육과학연구소 2001 사회 교육과학연구 Vol.5 No.1

Environmental issues including clean water have increased in importance, which has caused diverse water disputes among localities. This is true of Han River watershed. With deteriorated water pollution of Han River, Seoul city has tried to improve water quality. However, Kyunggi province disagreed that the alternatives of Seoul city would be successful in doing so. The main localities surrounding Han River watershed failed to establish cooperation system. thereby not improving water quality. In this context, this study analyzes the reasons of the water disputes between Seoul city and Kyunggi province and suggests the effective policy alternatives to solve the water disputes. The alternatives are as follows: (1) establishing ecosystem management; (2) structuring area-wied administration system with strong power to solve the water disputes; (3) encouraging stakeholders to participate in the policy process related with clean Han River watershed; (4) improving institutional mechanism, including setting up operation principles, negotiation procedure and so on ; and (5) establishing effective pollution management system.

모델 추종형 적응 퍼지 제어기의 설계

남문현,김낙교,손재현 건국대학교 산업기술연구원 1995 건국기술연구논문지 Vol.20 No.-

In this paper, reference-model following fuzzy controller (RMFFC) was proposed in order to overcome the difficulty of extracting rules and defects of the adaptation performance in the FLC. RMFFC comprised inner feedback loop consisting of the FLC and plant, and outer loop consisting of adaptation mechanism which of the FLC. A Referenced-model was used for design criteria of a fuzzy controller which characterizes and quantizes the control performance required in the overall control system. Tuning control rules of FLC is performed by the adaptation mechanism. For this, the fuzzy model for tuning the control rules is designed in accordance with the feature of error information. Proposed algorithm was verified through simulation for various plant models which have different characteristics. And the results are obtained as follows. 1) Control performance required by a skilled operator was reflected to the control. 2) Unnecessary rule modification did not occur in steady-state, after completion of learning, by using the following error information 3) Performance of RMFFC was improved in various disturbances, comparing with conventional FLC and MRAC.

지방재정 확보에 관한 연구

임재현 숙명여자대학교 사회 교육과학연구소 2001 사회 교육과학연구 Vol.4 No.2

일반적으로 지방자치단체를 둘러싼 현재의 환경변화는 지방재정수요를 증대시킴으로써 지방자치단체의 재정적 어려움을 야기시킨다고 인식되고 있다. 우리날 지방자치단체의 재정수입도 최근에 급증하고 있는 재정수요를 충족시키지 못하고 있다. 이러한 인식하에서 본 연구는 우리나라 지방재정수입의 현황을 살펴보고, 이를 토대로 문제점과 개선방안을 논의한다. 우리나라 지방재정수입의 문제점으로는 지방세의 비중이 낮으며, 지방세수입이 재정과세중심적이고, 지방자자치단체의 재정자립수준이 낮아서 자주재원이 해당 자치단체에 근무하는 공무원들의 인건비를 충당하지 못하는 경우가 다수 존재하며, 경영수입사업과 지방채발발행이 효과적으로 수행되지 못하는 점 등이 지적될 수 있다. 따라서, 지방재정을 확충하기 위해서는 다음과 같은 방안들이 시행되어야 한다. 첫째, 국세중 일부를 지방세로 전환한다. 둘째, 세외수입을 증대시키기 위해 경영수입사업을 효과적으로 운영해야 하며, 이를 위한 수단으로 전담조직을 구축하고 민영화와 업무평가를 시행한다. 셋째, 지방자치단체간의 재정력 격차를 완화시키기 우해 지방재정조정제도를 활성화하되, 지방교부세와 지방양여금 중심적으로 운영되어야 한다. 넷째, 지방자치시대에 맞게 탄력적으로 운영해야 한다. The recent change in function and role of local governments has increased the local finance demands, thereby causing the fiscal stresses of most municipalities. This is true ok Korean local governments. In this respect, the study is focused on reviewing the present financial conditions of Korean local governments, on analyzing their problems, and on suggesting the policy alternatives. In Korea, there are many problems in local finance as mentioned below: (1) the portion of local tax revenue vs national tex revenue is low; and (2) local tax revenue is property-tax-oriented; (3) local finance capacities are in low; and (4) local businesslike enterprises and municipal bonds are managed ineffectively. Therefore, the policy alternatives to improve local fiscal capacities are: (1) to enlarge the local tax bases; (2) to effectively manage the businesslike enterprises of local government; (3) to activate the grants system to reduce horizon and vertical finance inequality among local governments; and (4) to set up theeffective institutional mechanism and operation system of municipal bonds.

전치부 개교합을 가진 골격성 제 Ⅲ급 부정교합 환자에 있어서 하악지 시상분할 골절단술후 술후 안정성에 관한 평가

임재석,권종진,장현석,손형민,남영원,최철민 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2000 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.22 No.6

The purpose of this study is to assess the postoperative stability and the tendency of relapse after both sagittal split ramus osteotomy in skeletal class III with anterior open bite. This retrospective study was based on the examination of 15 patients, 6 males and 9 females, with a mean age 23.1 years. The patients were divided into two groups based on the amount of preoperative overbite(group I:<1mm, group II:≥1mm). Serial lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken within 2 weeks preoperatively, within 1 week postoperatively and at a follow up period that ranged from 7 to 24 months postoperatively. All cephalometric radiographs were traced and digitized using the Quick ceph image Pro for analysis. And then, horizontal and vertical changes of reference points(B point, Pogonion, L1) were assessed by the linear measurements in millimeters on both axes. The results were as follows : 1 Mean horizontal relapses were 0.67±0.93mm (11%) at B point (P<.05) and 0.81±1.01mm (13.2 %) at Pogonion (P<.01). 2, Mean vertical relapses were 0.63±1.62mm (33.3%) at B point and 0.53±1.95mm (31.4%) at Pogonion (P>.05) 3. The mean angular change of occlusal plane to SN was 0.24±1.19 (P>.05) and that of mandibular plane to SN was 1.03±1.85 (P<.05). 4. There was correlation between the extent of preoperative overbite and the postsurgical relapse at B point and Pogonion. 5. There was no correlation between the amount of surgically produced horizontal movement and the postoperative horizontal relapse at B point.

認知와 相談 : 相談者와 被相談者의 臨床的 推理와 判斷過程에 있어서 誤謬와 偏見에 關한 考察 A Review of Errors and Biases in the Inference and Judgement of Counselor and Counselee In the Clinical Settings

朴鎭玹,宋在鴻 全北大學校 學生生活硏究所 1992 學生生活硏究 Vol.19 No.-

Experimantal research on cognitive structures and cognitive processes has important implications for the practice of cognitive-bahavior modification. The purpose of this paper was to examine some of the concepts being studied by social and cognitive pyschologists in light of their potential application to counseling psychology and the practice of cognitive-behavior modification. In the information-processing perspective, the concepts of cognitive structures and cognitive precesses have been examined. The concept of schemata, particularly self-schemata, was introduced Schemata are knowledge structures that guide cognitive processing. Self-schemata are particularly important in the development and maintenance of maladaptive behavior patterns, and related to the construct of self-efficacy. The cognitive processes include cognitive strategies and excutive functioning, which may lead to the biases in judging or decision making. For counselee and counselor, various cognitive processes, particularly some shortcomings in human judgment araising from cognitive structures were presented. These include selective attention, confirmatory biases and prototype matching, use of availability and representativeness heuristics, and problems with egocentric biases and illusory correlation. Particularly, These shortcommings might affect the judgment of counselors in clinical decision making. Finally, some ways in which the counselor can minimize the bias effects of cognitive structures and resulting cognitive processes were suggested. If we can agree that counselors may be more or less biased in their clinical judgment, than the most important future step is to design research studies that can evaluate the efficacy of different inferential approaches in clinical practice. It was our intention in this paper to foster renewed interest into the nature of the problem of biases in clinical inference and judgment ; however, as our behavioral colleagues continually remind us, insight is insufficient if it does not lead to behavioral change. The time has come for the counselor to stop defensively avoiding these issues and the researcher to stop wagging a condescending finger at the hapless counselor. Rather, we need to develop and examine programs that may improve clinical judgment.

마이크로스트립 슬롯배열 안테나의 이론 및 실험적 연구

홍재표,윤명한,조영기,손현 경북대학교 공과대학 1987 工大硏究誌 Vol.16 No.-

The analysis of microstrip slot antenna fed by a strip transmission line can be obtained by applying transmission line theory with a discontinuity by the slot. To minimize reactance components of the slot, a p oper stripline length is selceted by measuring transmission coefficient. The array pattern is obtained by multiplication array factor to the element pattern and compared with the experimental results. m r

상악동 중격 : 발생빈도, 형태 및 해부학적 중요성

장현석,임재석,권종진 고려대학교 임프란트 연구소 2000 임프란트연구지 Vol.2 No.1

It is essential to identify and localize the maxillary sinus septa in maxillary sinus lift procedure to prevent tearing of sinus mucosa. The variations and frequency of bony septa in the maxillary sinuses were studied prospectively by means of computed tomography. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The presence and morphology of the septa in the maxillary sinuses were studied in 80 non-selected adults. RESULTS:CT examinations of 160 maxillary sinuses were done. The septo were observed in patients.

골격성 제3급 부정교합환자의 하악지 시상분할 골절단술후 하안면 폭경 및 고경의 변화에 대한 두부계측 방사선학적 연구

장현석,임재석,권종진,이부규,손형민 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2000 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.22 No.3

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze the lower third facial changes in frontal view after mandibular setback surgery. Materials and Methods : In this study, fifteen subjects(6 males and 9 females) with class III dental and skeletal malocclusions who were treated with BSSRO(Bilateral Sagittal Split Ramus Ostetomy) were used. Frontal cephalometric radiographs were taken preoperatively and more than 6 months postoperatively, and hard tissue(H2-Hl) and soft tissue changes (S2-S1) were measured on vertical and horizontal reference lines. In 15 cases, changes which developed more than 6 months after surgery were studied. Results : The results were as follows. 1.In the facial height, hard tissue decreased(2.46±2.76mm) with statistical significance(P<0.01), and soft tissue also decreased(1.64±3.66mm). As a result, the facial height generally becomes shorter after sagittal split ramus osteotomy. 2.In the mandibular width, hard tissue decreased(2.08±3.59mm) with statistical sgnificance(P<0.05), but soft tissue increased (2.14±5.73mm) without statistically significant difference (P>0.05) postoperatively. 3.In the facial index, hard tissue decreased(0.23±2.21%), but soft tissue increased(2.41±3.46%) with statistical significance. Conclusion : One of the main purpose of orthognathic surgery is to achieve facial esthetics and harmony. In order to fullfill this purpose, it is important to carry out a precise presurgical treatment planning by estimating the changes of frontal profile after surgery.