유방 종괴에 대한 초음파 조영제 사용의 유용성

정혜안,장정임,김학희,손상범,변재영,이재문,한성태,김춘열 대한초음파의학회 2000 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.19 No.3

OGGI 유전자의 다형성이 방광암에 미치는 영향

김은정,정필두,정춘구,서정원,윤석중,김원재 충북대학교 의학연구소 2001 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.11 No.2

연구목적 : 손상된 유전자의 회복은 암의 발생 및 예방에 중요한 역할을 한다. 잘못된 염기의 제거 및 회복에 중요한 역할을 하는 OGGI 유전자의 다형성이 방광암에 어떠한 작용을 하는지를 환자-대조군 연구를 통해서 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법: 방광암 환자 168명과 건강인 672명을 대조군으로 하여 genomic DNA를 이용하여 SSCP (single-stranded conformational polymorphism), direct DNA sequencing 및 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) 방법을 통해 환자 및 대조군사이의 OGGI 유전자의 다형성을 조사하였다. 결과: 건강 한국인에서 OGGI 유전자의 유전형을 조사한 결과 econ 6의 Pro324Pro 부위(lb type)와 exon 7의 Ser326Cys 부위 (la type)에 유전자의 다형성이 있음을 발견하였다. Codon 324는 silent polymorphic site였으나 codon 326은 C→G로 nucleotide가 바뀌어 amino acid가 serine→cysteine으로 바뀌는 polymorphic site였다. 대조군에서 codon 326은 Ser326Ser 형이 127례 (18.9%), Ser326Cys 형이 363례 (54.0%) 및 Cys326Cys 형이 182례 (27.1%)이었으며, 168명의 방광암 환자군에서는 Ser326Ser 형이 44례 (26.2%), Ser326Cys 형이 87례 (51.8%)이고 0ys3260ys 형이 37례 (22.0%) 이었다(p=0.034) 즉 Cys326Cys 형 및 Ser326cys 형에 비하여 Ser326Ser 형에서 방광암이 생길 확율이 1.52배 (95% CI=0.439-0.969) 높았다 특히 40세 미만의 남자의 경우 Ser326Ser 형에서 방광암 발생확률이 다른 유전형에 비하여 6.1배 높았다. 결론: OGGI 유전자의 유전형은 서구인과 판이하게 달랐으며 방광암에서는 이 유전자의 변이가 빈번할 뿐아니라 codon 326의 Ser326Ser 형에서는 다른 유전자형에 비하여 방광암이 발생할 확률이 1.5배 이상 높았다. 특히 한국인 40세 미만의 남자에서는 방광암 발생확률이 6배이상 높았다. 본 연구결과 OGGI codon 326의 유전적 다형성은 방광암의 종양화 과정과 관계가 있을 것으로 여겨지며 특히 40세 미만의 한국 남자의 경우는 더욱 밀접한 관계가 있을 것으로 사료된다. Purpose: A repair of damaged DNA has been shown to be involved in the susceptibility to cancer development and prevention. Therefore, it is worth investigating genetic polymorphisms of the OGGl gene associated with the gene repair mechanism. In this study, we examined a possible association of genetic ploymorphisms in OGGl with the risk of bladder tumor. Materials and Methods: Hospital based, case-control investigation was carried out in 168 primary bladder tumor patients and 672 control subjects. We performed the SSCP, PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and direct DNA sequencing to characterize the genetic polymorphism of OGGI in both cases and oontrols. Results: We found two polymorphic sites in OGGl. A Ser/Cys polymorphism at codon 326 (la type) in exon 7 was associated with an exchange of amino acid. Another polymorphic site at codon 324 (1b type) in econ 6 was silent. The association between codon 326 Polymorphism and the risk of the bladder tumor was examined by a age-sex adjusted analysis. We found that the distribution of OGGl Ser326Cys genotypes of controls(Ser/Ser, 18.9% ; Ser/Cys, 54.0% ; Cys/Cys, 27.1%) was significantly different from that of bladder tumor patients (36.2%, 51.8% and 22.0%, respectively) (p = 0.034, adjusted OR = 0.652, 95% Cl = 0.44 - 0.97). Especially, bladder tumor risk in Korean male under 40 years old was approximately 6 times higher than over 40 years old males. Conclusion : Our data suggested that Ser326cys polymorphism at codon 326 of OGGl male below 40 years old in Korea significantly increased the risk of tumorigenesis in the urinary bladder (p = 0.015, adjusted OR = 0.165, 95% CI = 0.04 - 0.75) Our results suggest that the OGGl Ser326Cys Polymorphism might play a role in the tumorigenesis of the bladder.

한국인에서 혈소판 당단백 Ⅱb/Ⅲa 유전자 다형성과 관동맥 성형술 후 재 협착과의 관계

이민수,이정우,김보영,임대승,강정아,김정희,김윤철,성보영,최성준,성인환,전은석 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 2000 충남의대잡지 Vol.27 No.2

Platelet aggregation is the final pathway of acute coronary syndrome such as acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina. Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa is a membrane receptor for fibrinogen and yon Willebrand factor and it plays an important role in platelet aggregation and in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome. It is known that polymorphism of the gene that encoding platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa(PI^A1/A2) is strongly related to acute coronary syndrome in Caucasian, but not in Koreans. We investigated relationship between platelet glycoprotein llb/Illa gene polymorphism and restenosis of coronary artery after angioplasty in Koreans. Total 371 patients(M=251. F=120) were enrolled. Angioplasty group comprised 143 patients who underwent coronary angioplasty, and in the angioplasty group, restenosis group comprised with the 65 patients who had restenotic lesion over 50% of luminal diameter in follow-up coronary angiography. Normal group comprised 153 patients who had no significant angiographic lesion and variant angina group comprised 75 patients who were positive in ergonovine test. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral arterial blood. To determine the frequency of P1^A1/A2 genotype, polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was done and the product was restricted with Mspl. 3%. agarrose gel electrophoresis showed restriction fragment length polymorphism. Clinical profile and risk factor were also reviewed. Among all 371 patients of study group, genotype of only one patients in restenosis group if is proven to be PI^A1/A2 heterozygote. All patients of normal study group, no restenosis group, and the other patients in restenosis group have an PI^A1 homozygote genotype. In our study, platelet glycoprotein IIb/Illa polymorphism has no relationship with restenosis of the coronary artery after angioplasty in Koreans. But the genotypic frequency of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa gene polymorphism in Koreans is concordant with that of previous studies.

아동의 수줍음 감소를 위한 독서치료 프로그램의 효과

정은해,김춘경 한국초등교육학회 2003 초등교육연구 Vol.16 No.1

본 연구는 독서치료 프로그램을 개발 실험하여 이 프로그램이 수줍음 감소에 효과적인가를 검증해 보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구의 목적을 위해 초등학교 5학년 아동 360명을 수줍음(상/중/하), 읽기태도(상/하), 읽기능력(상/중/하)에 기초하여 층화표집하였다. 층화표집을 한 아동을 실험집단과 통제집단으로 각18명씩 무선배정하여, 배정된 18명의 실험집단아동에게 매회 50분씩 10회기에 걸쳐 본 연구자가 개발한 독서치료 프로그램을 실시하였다. 자료분석은 각 집단별로 사전-사후-추후검사를 분류해서 채점한 후, 사전검사점수를 공변인으로 하는 공변량분석(ANCOVA)을 실시하였고, 집단별로 사전-사후-추후검사점수의 변화를 알아보기 위해 반복측정 일원배치 분산분석(repeated measure ANOVA)을 실시하였다. 연구결과에 의하면 독서치료 프로그램은 아동의 수줍음 수준을 감소시키고, 수줍음으로 인해 겪던 문제들을 해소시키는데 효과적이었으며, 수줍음 타는 아동에게 수줍음에 대한 객관적인 인식을 취득하게 하고, 수줍음 상황에 대한 적절한 대처행동을 습득케 하여 지속적으로 수줍음을 이겨내는데 도움을 주는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study were to develop the Shyness Reduction Bibliotherapy Group Counseling Program for Children who have experienced shyness and to examine the effects of the program on reducing their level of shyness. The 360 fifth grade students were stratified based on level of shyness, reading attitude and reading achievement. There were 18 fifth grade students in each group. Students in treatment group participated in the Shyness Reduction Bibliotherapy Group Counseling Program at twice a week in six week period. This program was consisted of ten session(fifty minutes per hour) that include understanding shyness and problem-solving in shyness situation. The instruments of measurement are shyness scale(Cheek & Melchior, 1990) and reading attitude scale(McKenns & Kear, 1990). The data were analysed by ANCOVA, cronbach's α, percentile, mean, standard deviation, repeated measure ANOVA. The major findings of this study is as follow : The Shyness Reduction Bibliotherapy Group Counseling Program reduced participants's level of shyness.

미용경락(美容經絡) 수기법(手技法)의 개발에 관한 연구 : 등 경락마사지를 중심으로 with the meridian massage of back

정은영,김춘일 제주한라대학 2001 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

Meridian massage which is the manual remedy based on the theory of acupuncure meridians distinguishes from Western skin care method depended on special skin care cosmetics or ultra beauty equipment. Contemporaries pursue a beauty of not only skin but also healthy body, and skin care without health might he temporarily. Therefore, meridian remedy what is grafted Eastern medical for continuous and essential skin care is the best way to be developed Meridian massage is taken as the regular courses at the most of skin and beauty schools in Korean colleges. However, an united manual technique and theoretical contents related to meridian massage are yet to be developed. Moreover, it is very hard to he familiar with 14 meridian and 365 shiatu points of body because of short studying term. After taking a job in the skin care center, students should take re-education courses with extra money and time, because it is hard to get enough knowledge and skill during school term. This study focused on establishing the esthetic effect and the theoretical background of meridian massage. Also, through this study, the author developed a model of practical manual technique that is easily applicable without physical hardness to the practitioner and it also brings fast effect. Therefore, the following suggestions should be realized for continuous development of beauty meridian and cultivation of estheticians 1. It should take a co-op research for developing educational program of beauty meridian and united manual technique. 2. It should be continuously studied for proving an effect of beauty through clinical demonstration with developed manual technique. 3. It should make every effort for qualitative improvement for education of beauty meridian through taking the developed manual technique to courses in the school. After that, it should be continuously studied for proving an effect of beauty through clinical demonstration with manual technique of meridian massage not only face but also all body.

구절동사 put out의 의미분석

정춘회 대한언어학회 2003 언어학 Vol.11 No.1

The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis of the phrasal verb put out in the framework of Cognitive Grammar. Through the analysis I tried to show that the meaning of the phrasal verb put out can be derived from the composition of put and out, and the following metaphors are used between the prototypical meaning and the peripheral meaning: STATE IS PLACE, KNOWLEDGE IS MOVING OBJECT, QUESTION IS MOVING OBJECT, etc. in connection with put, and APPEARING IS OUT, DISAPPEARING IS OUT, COMPLETING IS OUT, DURATION IS OUT, PAYING ATTENTION IS OUT, PRODUCING IS OUT, INCREASING IS OUT, DISTRIBUTION IS OUT, HELPING IS OUT, etc. in connection With out. This leads to the conclusion that the meaning of phrasal verb can be predicted from its components, verb and particle, and it is not idiosyncratic but follows a general pattern of language.

毛髮 및 爪甲의 성장에 따른 단백성분의 산화

정영도,최기오,양성렬,이춘기,안봉환,이민화 한국노화학회 1992 한국노화학회지 Vol.2 No.1

일개 대학병원에서 경험한 방선균증의 임상상

정숙인,김연숙,기현균,김춘관,김신우,이혁,김성민,백경란,송재훈 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.3

배경 : 방선균증은 혐기성의 그람양성 간균에 의한 만성 화농성 감염으로, 경안면부, 흉부, 복부, 골반부 등을 주로 침범한다. 최근 구강 위생의 향상과 항생제의 사용으로 인해 방선균증의 빈도의 감소와 함께 그 임상양상 또한 크게 변화하였다. 저자들은 국내에서의 방선균증의 임상상을 분석하기 위해 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 1995년 5월부터 1998년 9월까지 삼성서울병원에서 방선균증으로 진단받은 환자를 대상으로 임상기록지를 토대로 감염병소와 임상경과 등을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결과 : 방선균증 환자는 모두 12명으로 경안면부 1례, 흉부 3례, 복부 3례, 골반부 5례였다. 임상양상은 주로 종괴의 형태로 나타나 진단을 내리기까지 종양과의 감별에 어려웠으며 진단은 모두 조직검사나 흡인액에서 유황과립을 확인함으로써 이루어졌다. 방선균증으로 진단된 환자는 모두 호전소견을 보였다. 결론 : 국내에서도 방선균증이 드물지 않게 발생하고 있으며 임상양상이 다양하여 가장 많이 오진되는 질환 중의 하나이다. 방선균증은 조직검사나 균배양검사를 통해 진단하고 항생제를 통해 완치될 수 있는 질환이므로 환자 진단에 관심을 가지면 불필요한 수술을 피할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Background: Actinomycosis is an indolent, slowly progressive bacterial infection, caused by Actinomyces. a gram-positive, non-spore-forming anaerobic or microaerophilic rod. Actinomycosis affects nearly every organ and body site. The disease is classically divided into four types, depending on the anatomic sites involved: cervicofacial, thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic. It has been considered as a rare disease, and only several cases have been reported in Korea. We performed this study to analyse the clinical manifestations of actinomycosis in Korea. Method: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with actinomycosis at the Samsung Medical Center from May 1995 to December 1998. Results: During the study period, actinomycosis was diagnosed in 12 patients: 1 patient had cervicofacial lesion, 3 thoracic, 3 abdominal, and 5 pelvic. The male and female ratio was 1 : 2 and the mean age was 47.2 years. Sulfur granule was observed in the pathologic specimens from all cases, but organism did not grow at all. It was very difficult to differentiate actinomycosis from tumorous conditions without pathologic diagnosis. All patients were clinically improved with antibiotics or surgical procedures. Conclusion: Actinomycosis is not a rare disease nowadays and has various clinical manifestations. It can be diagnosed by pathologic examination or culture and cured by antibiotics without surgical management.

고속가공을 위한 검사시편에 관한 연구

정종윤,황영수,이춘만,정원지,고태조 한국공작기계학회 2003 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.12 No.4

The properties of a machine tool greatly affect machining quality since a machine tool has large variance in its features. Machine tool makers want to find best machining condition with the one that they have built. Machine builders need to develop test specimen since it helps finding characteristics of machine tools when the machining properties of the specimen are analyzed. This paper develops test specimen to identify features of the main spindle, the feeding device, and the frame of a machine tool. The specimen is machined with a high speed machine and the features of the machine are analyzed with test items. They are surface roughness, overshoot in axial movement, errors in circular movement, feeding with small movement, and compensational error. This work can improve usability for a machine tool in machining practice.

語義의 原型的 接近

鄭春會 한국현대영어영문학회 1987 현대영어영문학 Vol.29 No.1

Words express meanings or concepts. The concepts control the use of words through which we can communicate. Until recently, through thousands of philosophical tradition, words have been defined as singly, necessary and jointly sufficient conditions in various fields of studies such as philosophically oriented studies of language, linguistic studies psycholingustics, and psychological studies. In a word, words have been treated as necessity or essentialism. But beginning with Wittgenstein's family resemblance theory("games"), various experiments of psychology proved that categorization is not yes/no problem but yes/no/not-sure problem, and thereafter a lot of studies showed that the classical view of concepts based on philosophy is a misconception or is strictly restricted to a few domains of vocabularies such as jargon vocabularies ("ketch"), kinship vocabularies ("bachelor"), and axiomatized systems ("triangle"). From this viewpoint, word meaning should be treated not as necessity but as possibility. This is the care of prototypical approach to word meaning. I have introduced two types of prototypical approaches in detail. Of course, prototypical approaches have some problems but they can solve seven problems which the classical view can't. The essentials of prototypical approaches are as follows: (ⅰ) Category has central (typical, focal, core) members and peripheral members. (ⅱ) Category has internal structure in which prototype is the starting point around which peripheral members are clustered. (ⅲ) Theory of categorization: in order that 「A is B」 is true, every A shares at least one attribute with B or shares an attribute with some A' which shares an attribute with B. If we apply this prototypical approach to word meaning, we'll find that a word has central and peripheral senses, that peripheral senses are clustered around prototypes (central senses), and that central and peripheral senses are connected by similarities. To know the meaning of a word means to know its prototypes. If knowing the meaning of a word involves knowing its defining conditions (necessary and sufficient), few of us, if any, can be said to know the meaning. Moreover we can't remember all the senses of words because our memory is limited. we store the prototypes of a word in our memory and then give the same name to anything which has at least one attribute in common with the word. This prototypical approach makes us see the charge of word meaning in new ways. Though the change of meaning was focused on the figurative use of words in the past, ours is centered on similarity relations. In so far as any similarity between senses of a word is found, such a we doesn't bring about the change of meaning. Therefore we dare to say that the figurative use of word can't be regarded as the change of meaning because all the figuratives including metonymies and synecdoches use similarities.